名詞性從句講解練習(xí)

1、1名詞性從句一、名詞性從句的連接詞1從屬連詞 that， whether 和 if(1)that ，whether，if 在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起到連接從句的功能。that 沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，而 whether ，if 意為“是否”。(2)whether 與 if 的用法比較 二者均可作“是否”講，都可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以互換。I don t know whether/if he ll attend the meeting.在下列情況下，常用 whether，不用 if。1whether 引導(dǎo)從句可以放于句首。Whether he comes or not makes no d

2、ifference.2whether 可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，if 不可。The question is whether it is worth trying.The question whether he should join the team has not been decided upon.3whether 可以作介詞賓語(yǔ)，if 則不可。I haven t settled the problem of whether I II lend him the money.4whether 后可以加不定式， if 不可。He didn t know whether to get marr

3、ied or to wait.5可以用 whether.or 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“無(wú)論，不論”，if 則不可。Whether it rains or snows ， I don t care.2連接代詞弓丨導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接代詞有： who， whom， whose，what，which，whatever，whichever，whoever。連接代詞在句中既起連接作用，同時(shí)又充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等成分。3連接副詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接副詞有：when, where, how, why。連接副詞在句中既是連接詞，又作狀語(yǔ)。二、 主語(yǔ)從句1主語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，大多數(shù)主語(yǔ)從句都可以用

4、it 作形式主語(yǔ)而把主語(yǔ)從句置于句尾。2.that 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)，that 不可省；what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表示.的東西”時(shí)，一般不用it作形式主語(yǔ)； whatever， whoever， whichever 一般也不用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)。That she will succeed is certain.It is certain that she will succeed.What he needs is more experience.(1) It 系動(dòng)詞形容詞 (necessary， right， likely ， unlikely ， wrong ， impor

5、tant， certain， clear， obvious， strange，normal 等 ) that 從句It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.(2) lt + be+名詞(短語(yǔ))(a pity , a shame, good news, a fact, an honour, a wonder, no wonder 等)+ that 從句It s no wonder that you ve achieved so much success.(3) It + be+過(guò)去

6、分詞 (said, told , heard, reported, decided, suggested, advised, ordered, remembered , thought , considered ,well- known , announced 等)+ that 從句It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment.(4) It +特殊動(dòng)詞 (seem , appear, happen , matter) + that 從句It happened to me th

7、at I had been away when he called.注意：在It is necessary , important , strange , natural+ that 從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句常用 “(should +)動(dòng)詞原形”形式。 (2)在 It+ be+ suggested , advised , ordered , requested , insisted , required + that 從句” 結(jié)構(gòu)中,that 從句應(yīng)用 “ (should )動(dòng)詞原形 ”。三、 賓語(yǔ)從句1 .動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句(1) 大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞(hope , tell, say 等)可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句。We

8、 all expect that they will win for members of their team are stronger.置。2I don t think you are right.I don t suppose he cares does he?(2) 動(dòng)詞 find feel think consider make believe 等后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí) 則需要 it 作形式賓語(yǔ)而將 that 賓語(yǔ)從句后I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.有些動(dòng)詞帶賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)習(xí)慣上需要在賓語(yǔ)從

9、句前加it。這類動(dòng)詞(詞組)有 hate, enjoy, like, love, dislike , see to等。I hate it when they talk with their mouths full.2 .一般情況下介詞后只能用wh-類連接詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。We are talki ng about whether we admit stude nts into our club.注意：(1)where 引導(dǎo)的從句有時(shí)也可用作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。We could see the temple quite clearly from where we lived.(2)that 引導(dǎo)的從句作介

10、詞的賓語(yǔ)是很少有的,只有在 except, in, but 等介詞后偶爾可能用到。Your composition is quite good except that the organization is a bit loose.3.sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, surprised 等表示“情感”的形容詞后也可帶賓語(yǔ)從句。 Im sure that they will makeit in spite of the terrible weather.四、 表語(yǔ)從句1 .主句的主語(yǔ)是 idea, advice, suggestion, order, r

11、equest, requirement 等名詞時(shí),表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 即“ (should+)動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。His suggestion is that we (should) change our course.2.主語(yǔ)為名詞 reason 時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞要用 that,而不用 why 或becauseThe reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drank too much.3.because, as if, as though, as, like 等連接詞

12、也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。He has heart disease. That is because he has been smoking too much.五、 同位語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句是用以解釋說(shuō)明某一名詞內(nèi)容和實(shí)質(zhì)的從句。1 .能接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有： belief, fact, hope, idea, doubt, news, conclusion , suggestion, problem, order, answer,decision, explanation, information , thought 等。2 .同位語(yǔ)從句一般用that 引導(dǎo)，但也可以用連接代詞(what, which

13、 , who)、連接副詞(when , where, why , how)或whether 引導(dǎo)。I have no idea what has happened to him.3.有時(shí)同位語(yǔ)從句不緊跟在它所說(shuō)明的某個(gè)名詞后，而是被別的詞隔開(kāi)。The story goes that William Tell did kill the king with that sword.六、 名詞性從句的幾個(gè)難點(diǎn)1.that 通常不可省略的四種情況：(1) 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句， that 置于句首時(shí)不可省略。That he failed in the exam made his parents disappoi

14、nted.(2) 當(dāng)一個(gè)句子有兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)第二個(gè)和以后幾個(gè)從句的that 不可省略。I wished (that) we could go sighting in Hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some books on our way back inShanghai.在由 it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，that 也不可省略。He has made it clear that he wouldn t agree to the plan. 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that 也不可省略。2.what 與

15、 that 的區(qū)別：what 在從句中充當(dāng)一定成分并且具有特定含義“的人(地方、東西)等”；that 只起引導(dǎo)作用，在主語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分并且也沒(méi)有含義。What he said was true.That he came late made the teacher angry.名詞性從句強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練1. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it.A. thereB. whereC. there wereD.where there2._ the sports meet will be held depends on the weather.3A. When

16、 everB. IfC. WhetherD.That3.The problem is_ _ he has enough time.A. ifB. whetherC./D.that4. He made a promise_ he would help me.置。4A. whatB. whenC. thatD. whichI remember_ this used to be a quiet village.A. howB. whenC. whereD. whatThey lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was that

17、night began to fall.A. thatB. thisC. whatD. whichHe told me the news _ the Queen would visit China the next month.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. whenWhen the holidays were drawing near, I asked my American friends _ was the best way to travel in the United States.A. thatB. whatC. suchD. thatHe was lucky e

18、nough to sell his car for exactly _ .A. where he had paid for itB. what he had paid for itC. what he was paid for itD. which he had paid for itSometimes we are asked _ we think the likely result of an action will be.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whether_ surprised me most was _ they had finished it so qu

19、ickly.A. What, whatB. That, thatC. What, thatThe reason why she couldn t come to the meeting was_A. becauseB. whichC. thatis called equality does not really mean equal rights for all people.B. thatC. whatD. oneAlthough he knew little about the work done in the field of physics, he succeeded _ other

20、experienced expertsfailed.A. whichB. that C. what D. whereFather made a promise _ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD. that ifWhat I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD. 不填He wanted to make sure _ .A. how we went there by bus

21、 B. where did we goC. what did we go thereD. when we went there_ they won the game was _ we had expected.A. That; whichB. Whether; thatC. What; thatD. That; whatI really dont mind much _ they came to visit me or not.A. becauseB. whyC. whenD. whether.1.22.23

22、.24.25.26.They have not made any decision onA. that- Do you know him?- Yes, but I canA. whereB. whicht rememberB. whatMr. Blackthey are going to do to deal with the waste and control pollution.C. if D. whatI met him for the first time. Cthat D. ifs address is.- Do you know- He may live at No. 18 or

23、No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _ .A. what; whichB. where; whichC. where ; whatD. what; whereThis old computer must have been of great use to _ did the scientific research.A. thoseB. whenC. whoeverD. whomever_ all the inventions have in common is _ they have succeeded.A. What; whatB. That; t

24、hatC. What; that- I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply.- Oh, that was probably _ I was seeing the doctor.A. whenB. whyC. whatMaria has to baby- sit. That sA. whyB. howshe cant come with us.C. whenD That; whatD. thatD. whatD. That, what she had notbeen invited.In some countries,A. which527

25、. The question came up at the meeting _ we had not enough money to do the research.A. whether B. that C. if D. what28._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What; whatB. What; thatC. That; thatD. That; what29. _ surprised me most was _ he was too late for the important meeting, for he was chai

26、rman of it.A. What; whyB. That; howC. What; howD. That; why30. Although most of them have no doubt _ he will pass the exam, I still think there is something aboutreally got everything ready.A. whether; that B. that; whetherC. that; thatD. whether; whether31._ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not kno

27、wn.A. Whom B. WhoeverC. WhoD. What32. It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.33. He was never satisfied with or proud of _ he had achieved.A. whatB. that C. whichget to the railway station?B. what I canC. how I can35. We don t knowA. this is whose dictionary B. whose dict

28、ionary is this C. whose dictionary this is D. whose is this dictionary36. The problem is _ we can finish the work within such a short time.A. thatB. whyC. howD. when37. _ the boy didn t take the medicine made his mother very angry.A. ThatB. WhatC. HowD. Which38. Each blind man believed _ he knew jus

29、t _ the elephant looked like.A. that; whatB. what; thatC. that; thatD. what; what39. It was by the roadside _ the six blind men sat quarrelling about the elephant.A. whenB. whichC. on whichD. that40. They have no idea at all _ .A. where he has goneB. where did he go C. which place had he gone D. where has he gone41. Do you know _ your parents are pleased _ you ve done?A. why; for whatB. how; with what C. that; with whichD. how; for what42. The reason _ he hasn t come is _ he has to look after his father.A. that; because B. why; becaus