高中英語必修二第3講：Unit4 Cyberspace-語法篇（教師版）

1、.Unit 4 Cyberspace 語法篇 _1、掌握will和be going to的用法區(qū)別。2、掌握虛擬語氣的根本用法。一， will和be going to用法區(qū)別：1. will的用法will是情態(tài)動詞，后接動詞原形。常表示根據(jù)直覺、知識、經(jīng)歷等做出的揣測will表將來存在的狀態(tài)、將要發(fā)生的動作或?qū)淼慕?jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動作，常與時間狀語next week, tomorrow等連用。例：They will be doctors 5 years later. 五年后，他們將成為醫(yī)生。Each time he comes to the city on business, he will v

2、isit his English teacher. 每次來這個城市出差，他都會拜訪他的英語老師。I will go to Britain next week. 下星期我要去英國。事物固有的屬性、特征或開展的必然趨勢。例：It will become warm when spring comes. 當(dāng)春天降臨時，天氣將變暖。Fish will die without water. 魚兒分開水會死。說話時臨時做出的決定。I hear Jim was injured in a car accident. He is in hospital now. 聽說吉姆在一場交通事故中受傷了，如今在醫(yī)院。The

3、n I will go to see him. 那我這就去看他。表示懇求和邀請，常用于第二人稱。Will you come in and have a drink? 你愿意進來喝一杯嗎？說話者對將來作出語言和揣測。You will be all right after taking this medicine. 吃過這藥你就會好了。可以表意愿、意圖、自愿或堅持做某事。Hell take you home. You only have to ask. 他愿意送你回家，你只要跟他說一聲就行。2. be going to的用法打算，將要事先經(jīng)過考慮或準備，打算最近或?qū)硪龅氖隆hat are y

4、ou going to be when you grow up? 等你長大，你想要成為什么？根據(jù)如今的跡象，預(yù)計要發(fā)生的事。The old man is so weak, he is going to die. 老人如此虛弱，他活不長了。3. will與be going to表將來時的區(qū)別be going to可用于表將來時的條件狀語從句中，而will不行。錯誤：If you will play basketball, you have to finish your homework first. 正確：If you are going to play basket, you have to

5、finish your homework first. will可以用在帶有條件狀語從句的主句中表將來，而be going to不行。錯誤：If it is fine, we are going to go camping.正確：If it is fine, we will go camping.be going to表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will表示的將來時間那么更遠一些。He is going to writhe a letter tonight. 他打算今晚寫封信。He will write a book one day. 他打算將來寫本書。will臨時決定要做的事，be goi

6、ng to事先考慮要做的事。Why are you taking it out? 干嘛要把它拿出來？Im going to wash it. 我想把它洗一洗。Where is the telephone book? 簿在哪里？Ill get it for you. 我去給你拿。二， 虛擬語氣1. if條件句中的虛擬語氣與如今事實相反的虛擬語氣：條件句謂語用“過去時be動詞一般用were，主句謂語用“would/should/could/might+動詞原形。If I saw him now, I would be very happy. 假如我如今見到他，我會很快樂的。與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣

7、：條件句謂語用“過去完成時，主句謂語用“would/should/could/might+ have+過去分詞。If he had followed my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. 假如他當(dāng)時承受我的建議，就不會丟掉他的工作了。與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣：條件句謂語用“過去時或should/were to+動詞原形，主句謂語用“would/should/could/might+ 動詞原形。If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow, we would take photos. 假如明天下雪，我們就

8、照相。混合虛擬語氣：主句和虛擬條件從句的動作發(fā)生時間不一致，此時，主句和從句的謂語動詞要根據(jù)所指的不同時間選擇各自適當(dāng)?shù)男问?。If he hadnt hurt his leg in the last training, he would join in the coming World Cup, which he has been longing to compete in. 要是在上次訓(xùn)練中他的腿沒受傷的話，他會參加他渴望已久的世界杯。含蓄虛擬語氣：有時為了表達的需要，假設(shè)的情況并不以if條件句表現(xiàn)出來，而是通過but for, without, otherwise, or等介詞、副詞暗含在

9、上下文中。But for your help, it would have caused a serious loss. 要不是你的幫助，將會導(dǎo)致宏大損失。假設(shè)條件從句中有were, had, should，可把if省略，把were, had, should放在主句前，形成倒裝。Had you taken my advice, you wouldnt have failed in the examination. 假如你聽了我打建議，你就不會考試不及格了。2. 其他從句中的虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中，表示命令，建議，要求等一類動詞后面的賓語從句中用虛擬語氣。即一堅持insist；二命令order,

10、 command；三建議suggest, propose, advise；五要求require, request, demand, desire, urge + that+主語+should do。He insisted that he should be sent here. 他堅持他應(yīng)該被派去那里。suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名詞的標(biāo)語從句，同位語從句要用虛擬語氣。wish后面所跟的賓語從句的虛擬語氣對如今事實的虛擬：wish + 主語+動詞過去式或wereI wish I knew where he lives. 我要是

11、知道他住在什么地方就好了。對過去事實的虛擬：wish + 主語+ had + 過去分詞This watch has gone wrong, I wish I had bought a better make. 這只表壞了，我真希望我買的是好點的牌子。對將來事實的虛擬：wish + 主語+ would + 動詞原形I wish you wouldnt leave your clothes all over the floor. 我真希望你不把衣服丟的滿地都是。would rather的虛擬語氣，表示“寧愿，但愿。Id rather you set out earlier tomorrow mor

12、ning. 我寧愿你明天早晨早點出發(fā)。It is high/about time that 的虛擬語氣Its high time that you went to bed. 該是你睡覺的時間了。if only引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣，表示愿望。If only I had another chance. 要是我再有一次時機就好了。as if從句，看語境是否與事實相反而選擇是否使用虛擬語氣.She talked it again and again as if she would never end. 她反復(fù)議論那件事，好似永遠也談不完。例1. In the near future, more advanc

13、es in the robot technology _ by scientists.A. are makingB. are madeC. will makeD. will be made解析：句意：在不久的將來，科學(xué)家們將會在機器人技術(shù)方面獲得更大的進步?？疾靹釉~的時態(tài)及語態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語in the near future可以確定該句的時態(tài)為一般將來時，而句子的主語more advances和make之間是被動關(guān)系，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：D。例 2. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _ visit Beijing thi

14、s summer.A. is going toB. are going to C. was going toD. were going to解析：句意：史密斯博士將在今年夏天和妻子，女兒們一起游覽北京。由this summer可知本句應(yīng)用一般將來時，故排除C和D。together with連接并列主語時謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)取決于其前面的主語，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：A。例3.Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studiedB. would studyC.

15、 had studiedD. was studying解析：句意：也許當(dāng)時我學(xué)習(xí)的是理科而不是文科的話，那么我如今就可以給你更多的幫助了。此題考察虛擬語氣。根據(jù)then一詞可以確定此處表示與過去事實相反，故if引導(dǎo)的從句部分用had done。答案：C。例4. The doctor recommended that you _ swim after eating a large meal.A. wouldntB. couldntC. needntD. shouldnt解析：句意：醫(yī)生建議你大量飲食后不要去游泳。Recommend后面的賓語從句謂語動詞應(yīng)該用“should + 動詞原形。表示“命

16、令、建議、懇求、要求的動詞后加賓語從句時，賓語從句的謂語動詞需用“should + 動詞原形。答案：D。例5. 2019北京101中學(xué)高三測試I think we are lost. Ive no idea where we are.I wish we_ the map with us. A. bringB. would bringC. have broughtD. had brought解析：句意：我認為我們迷路了。我不知道我們在哪兒，我多么希望我們隨身帶著地圖啊。動詞“wish后接賓語從句時，從句中的謂語動詞需用虛擬語氣；根據(jù)語境可知，此處是與過去事實相反的虛擬，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去完成時

17、，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：D。根底演練一，用括號里詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. By the time you have finished this book, your meal _ get cold.2. Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _ repay later in life.3. Ann is in hospital.Oh, really? I _ not know. I _ go and visit her.4. No judgment _ make about whether the man is guilty until the

18、whole case has been investigated.5. Remember to give your parents my regards when you _ phone home.6. My computer needs to be repaired. How much do you think it _ cost?7. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ have time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.8. She didnt come to the party last Sunda

19、y. If she _ come, she must have made the party more exciting.9. If we _ book a table earlier, we wouldnt be standing here in a queue.10. We _ put Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.Keys：一，1. will get2. will be repaid3. didnt, will go4. will be made5. phone6. will cost7.

20、had8. had come9. had booked10. would have put穩(wěn)固進步一，單項選擇。1. If we _ adequate preparation, the conference wouldnt have been so successful.A. havent madeB. wouldnt makeC. didnt makeD. hadnt made2. Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts.A. may haveB. could haveC. must have hadD. mig

21、ht have had 3. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its culture.A. focusB. focusedC. would focusD. had focused4. Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.Sure, _.A. I didB. I do C. I shallD. I will5. Close the door of fear behind you, and you _ the do

22、or of faith open before you.A. sawB. have seenC. will seeD. are seeingKeys：1-5 DDBDC一，單項選擇。1. 2019北京海淀高三第一學(xué)期期末The zookeeper was really annoyed with me.I think so. We _ the Botanical Garden then.A. didnt throwB. dont throwC. hadnt thrownD. havent thrown2. 2019北京西城高三第一學(xué)期期末Peter would have the chance t

23、o present his talents in the competition now if he _ last term. A. signed upB. had signed upC. signs upD. has signed up3. 2019北京東城高三第一學(xué)期期末The world today _ different without the amazing discoveries produced by great scientists.A. WereB. had beenC. would beD. would have been4. 2019北京石景山高三第一學(xué)期期末We _ t

24、he sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight. A. were enjoyingB. would have enjoyedC. would be enjoyingD. will enjoy 5. What did you suggest_ , Joan?I suggested _ her father for his opinion. A. her doing, to askB. she did; asking C. her to do; to askD. she do; asking6. Im feel

25、ing sorry that my mother died of cancer. Now if I _ a millionaire, I _ a hospital for those with cancer. A. had been; would have opened B. were; would open C. was; would open D. an; will open7. Gold is _ worth $400 a liang, but I can buy it at a lower price.A. officially B. personally C. absolutely

26、D. well8. Later, the war made _ impossible for England to send those bad people who broke law to North America.A. thisB. it C. thatD. one9. The children are very quiet; I wonder what they are up_ .A. againstB. forC. toD. with10. Julia and Paul are getting married!Oh, _. A. how exciting!B. how excite

27、d! C. it doesnt sound excitingD. it sounds excited11. Today 85% of the Australian population_ in the great cities _ around the coast.A. lives; locatingB. lived; locating C. living; locatedD. live; located12. All the towns and villages down by the Huaihe River _ many times by the end of last month.A.

28、 have been floodedB. had been flooded C. have floodedD. had flooded13. Robberies often happen around the hospital. A nurse was walking home last Sunday night when she _.A. was to be attackedB. had got attacked C. was going to attackD. got attacked14. The kind manager treats his workers _ they were h

29、is children.A even ifB. as ifC. thoughD. as 15. The accident could have been much worse; fortunately no _ was done to the boy. A. stressB. harmC. needD. helpKeys:一，1-15 CBCCD BABCA DBDBB_一， 閱讀理解。Canada is a very large country. It is the second largest country in the world. By contrast it has a very

30、small population. There are only about 29 million people there. Most Canadians are of British or French origin, and French is an official language of Canada as well as English. About 45% of the people are of British origin, that is, they or their parents or grandparents, etc, come from Britain. Near

31、ly 30% are of French origin. Most of the French-Canadians live in the province of Quebec.Over the years, people have come to live in Canada from many countries in the world. They are from most European countries and also from China, besides other Asian countries.However, Canada was not an empty coun

32、try when the Europeans began to arrive. Canadian Indians lived along the coast, by the rivers and lakes and in forests. Today there are only about 350 000 Indians in the whole country, with their own languages. In the far north live the Inuit. There are only 27 000 Canadian-Inuit. Their life is hard

33、 in such a difficult climate. 1. About _ live in Quebec. A.30% of the French-Canadians B.45% of the Canadians C.29 000 000 people D.8 700 000 French-Canadians 2. The official languages of Canada are _. A. English and Chinese B. French and English C. Indian and English D. Chinese and Inuit 3. The wor

34、d “origin in this passage means _. A.血統(tǒng)B.后裔 C.先驅(qū)D.猿人 4. Which of the following is true according to this passage? A. There are 27 000 Canadian-Indians in Canada. B. More than 13 million people have come from Britain and France in recent years.C. There are 30% of the population whose parents or grand

35、parents come from France. D. There are no people when the Europeans began to arrive in Canada. 二，完型填空。We spent a day in the country, picking wild flowers._1_ the car full of flowers we were going home. On our way back my wife noticed a cupboard outside a furniture shop. It was tall and narrow.“_2_ i

36、t, my wife said at once. Well carry it home on the roof rack行李架.I've always wanted one like that.What could I do? Ten minutes later I was 20 _3_ ,and the cupboard was tied onto the roof rack. It _4_ six feet long and eighteen inches square, quite heavy, too.In the gathering darkness I drove slow

37、ly. Other drivers seemed unusually _5_that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let us through .Carrying furniture was a good idea.After a time my wife said, Theres a long line of cars _6_.Why don't they pass us, I wonder? In fact a police car did pass. The two officers inside shouted at

38、us seriously as they passed. But then with great kindness, they led us through the rush hour traffic. The police car stopped_7_ our village church. One of the officers came to me.“Right, sir, he said.“ Do you need any more help? I was a bit _8_ . “Thanks, officer, I said, “You have been very kind. I

39、 live just beside the road.Then he watched our car; first the flowers, then the cupboard. “Well, well, he said, laughing. “It's a cupboard you've got there! We thought it was_9_ else.My wife began to laugh. Then the _10_ struck me like a stone between the eyes. I laughed at he officer. “Yes, its a cupboard, but thanks. I drove as fast as I could, still thinking over this funny experience. 1. A. FillingB. MakingC. OnD. With 2. A. BuyB. HoldC. Make D. Own 3. A. shorterB. less C. fewer D. poorer 3. A. lookedB. measuredC. appeared D. seemed 4. A. carefulB. politeC