高考語(yǔ)法沖刺之同位語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)習(xí)題

1、高考語(yǔ)法沖刺之同位語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)習(xí)題（含答案）【考例紛呈】warmthoughtsuddenlycametomeImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother'sbirthday.（安徽2006）A.ifB.whenD.which2.It'sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,wegotlostonarainynight.（四川2006）A.whichB.thatD.whenyouhaveanyideaisactuallygoing

2、onintheclassroom（遼寧2005）A.thatB.whatD.whichhasbeenputforwardmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.（2001上海）A.whileB.thatC.whenD.asleftwordwithmysecretaryhewouldcallagainintheafternoon.（浙江卷05-15）A.whoC.asD.which【答案與解析】CBBBB【考頻鏈接】believedhisreasonforbeingabsentfromtheclasshehadtomeeth

3、isuncleattheairport.（重慶卷06-33）A.whyB.thatC.whereD.becauseismuchchanceBillwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.（天津卷06-14）A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if'successliesinthefactsheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.（上海卷06春-33）A.whichC. whenisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecarsroadcondit

4、ionsneed.（2003年上海卷）A. thattobeimprovedB. whichtobeimprovedC.where-improvingD. when-improvingstorygoesElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.（2004高考上海卷40）B.whereD.that【答案與解析】1-5BABAD4、譯文：在私家車(chē)流行的風(fēng)潮中存在著一個(gè)新問(wèn)題，那就是道路狀況需要被改進(jìn)。that引導(dǎo)的從句作的同位語(yǔ)，need一詞后跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式

5、表示被動(dòng)，或直接用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式。綜合兩點(diǎn)，應(yīng)選擇A項(xiàng)。【超鏈接】在句中用作同位語(yǔ)的從句叫做同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句通常用在idea,news,fact,promise,suggestion,belief,truth等名詞的后面，說(shuō)明該名詞所表示的具體內(nèi)容。引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的詞有連接詞that,連接副詞how,when,where等?！境溄印坑梅ㄐ〗Y(jié)在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)的名詞性從句稱為同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性從句（主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句）中的主要從句之一，也是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)之一。在使用同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，應(yīng)注意以下五個(gè)方面：一、同位語(yǔ)從句在句中的位置1 .一

6、般情況下同位語(yǔ)從句跟在某些名詞（如news,idea,fact,promise,hope,message等）的后面，用以說(shuō)明該名詞所表達(dá)的具體內(nèi)容。例如：Thenewsthatourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionshipencouragedusallgreatly.我們女排贏得冠軍的消息大大地鼓舞了我們所有人。I'vecomefromMrWangwithamessagethathewon'tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.我從王先生那邊得知一個(gè)消息，他說(shuō)他今天下午不能來(lái)看你了。2 .有時(shí)同位語(yǔ)從句可以不緊跟在它所

7、說(shuō)明的名詞后，而被別的詞語(yǔ)隔開(kāi)，在語(yǔ)法上叫做分隔式同位語(yǔ)從句。例如：Thethoughtcametoherthatmaybeshehadleftthedooropenwhenshelefthome.她突然想起可能在她離開(kāi)家時(shí)沒(méi)把門(mén)關(guān)上。ThestorygoesthathefailedintheCollegeEntranceExaminationsagain.據(jù)說(shuō)他高考又落榜了。二、同位語(yǔ)從句前名詞的數(shù)同位語(yǔ)從句前的名詞通常用單數(shù)形式，并且往往帶有限定詞(word除外)加以修飾。例如：WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome?你在哪兒聽(tīng)說(shuō)我不能來(lái)？Giveme

8、yourpromisethatyouwillcometoourpartythisevening.答應(yīng)我，你今天晚上要來(lái)參加我們的晚會(huì)。WordcamethatChinalauncheditsfirstmannedspaceshiponOct15,2003.¥肖息傳來(lái)，中國(guó)于2003年10月15日首次成功發(fā)射了載人飛船。三、同位語(yǔ)從句連接詞的選用在英語(yǔ)中，引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的詞通常有連詞(that,who,whether),連接副詞(how,when,where)等。例如：Theywereallverymuchworriedoverthefactthatyouweresick.對(duì)你生病這件

9、事，他們都很焦慮。Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.誰(shuí)該做這項(xiàng)工作，這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要考慮。Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.我們還沒(méi)有決定到什么地方去度暑假。注：在名詞doubt"懷疑"后的同位語(yǔ)從句用whether連接；在nodoubt"不懷疑"之后的同位語(yǔ)從句用that連接。例如：Wehavesomedoubtwhethertheycancompletethetaskonti

10、me.我們懷疑他們是否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成任務(wù)。ThereisnodoubtthatZhangWeiwillkeephispromise.我們相信張衛(wèi)會(huì)守信的同位語(yǔ)從句：that有些名詞的后面可以接that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句：Wecametothedecisionthatwemustactatonce.我們做出決定：我們必須立即行動(dòng)。Hemadeaproposalthatthemeetingbepostpone.他提議會(huì)議延期。Therewaslittlehopethathewouldsurvive.他幸存的希望很小。以下名詞常用于以上句型：advice,announcement,argument,bel

11、ief,claim,conclusion,decision,evidence,explanation,fact,feeling,hope,idea,impression,information,knowledge,message,news,opinion,order,probability,promise,proposal,remark,reply,report,saying,statement,suggestion,thought,treat,warning,wish,word同位語(yǔ)從句：whetherwhether可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，而定語(yǔ)從句不能用whether作為弓I導(dǎo)詞。Hehasn

12、'tmadethedecisionwhetherhewillgothere.他還沒(méi)有做出決定是否去那里。Ihavesmalldoubtwhetherheissuitableforthejob.他是否適合這件工作我有點(diǎn)懷疑。同位語(yǔ)從句：whatwhat可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，而定語(yǔ)從句不能用what作為引導(dǎo)詞Ihavenoideawhatheisdoingnow.我不知道他現(xiàn)在在干什么。同位語(yǔ)從句：howhow可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，而定語(yǔ)從句不能用how作為引導(dǎo)詞It'saquestionhowhedidit.那是一個(gè)他如何做了此事的問(wèn)題。同位語(yǔ)從句：who等who,whomwhich

13、,when,where,why用來(lái)弓I導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.誰(shuí)該干這項(xiàng)工作，這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要考慮。Sheraisedthequestionwherewecouldgetthefund.她提出這個(gè)問(wèn)題：我們到哪兒去搞這筆資金。四、同位語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)氣在suggestion,advice,request,order等意為“建議；命令；要求”的名詞后，同位語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)，句中的should可以省略。例如：Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehowwe(

14、should)usethecomputer.老師給我們提出了一些如何使用電腦的建議。Thesuggestioncamefromthechairmanthatthenewrule(should)beadopted.采納新規(guī)則的建議是主席提出來(lái)的。Thegovernmentgavetheorderthatallthesehouses(should)bepulleddowninthreeweeks.政府下令三個(gè)星期內(nèi)所有這些房子都要拆掉。五、同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的用法區(qū)別區(qū)別(1)同位語(yǔ)從句和先行詞是同等的關(guān)系；而定語(yǔ)從句是用來(lái)修飾先行詞，是從屬的關(guān)系。區(qū)別(2)that在同位語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有詞義，不充

15、當(dāng)句子成分；而在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等句子成分。區(qū)別(3)whether,what,how可以用來(lái)引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句；而它們不能用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。區(qū)別(4)1 .從詞義角度看問(wèn)題who,whomwhich,when,where,why用來(lái)引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句是保持原來(lái)疑問(wèn)詞的含義；它們用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不具有疑問(wèn)詞的含義。2 .從搭配角度看問(wèn)題who,whomwhich,when,where,why用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)性很強(qiáng),如：先行詞是“人”，引導(dǎo)詞用“who'等，而它們引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句是先行詞通常是定語(yǔ)從句)tellsb. sth.同位語(yǔ)從句)aquestion,idea,doubt等

16、“。Thenewsthathetoldmejustnowistrue.(ThenewsthatIhavepassedtheexamistrue.(【特別警示】與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別hasbeenputforwardmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.(NMET2001h海)A.whileB.thatC.whenD.asissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities,thisistheinformationhasbeenputforward.A

17、.whatB.thatC.whenD.asheardaterriblenoise,broughtherheartintohermouth.(MET91)A.itB.whichC.thisD.thatcan'tstandtheterriblenoisesheiscryingloudly.A.itB.whichC.thisD.thatstorybroughtthetimebacktomeIstayedwithmygrandma.A.whenB.thatC.whoD.where6.Whatdoyouthinkofteacher,Bob?Ifinditfunandchallenging.Iti

18、sajobyouaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.A.whereB.whichD.thatislikealongracewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.(重慶卷09-34)A.whyC.that【答案與簡(jiǎn)析】BBBDAADschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities是Information的內(nèi)容，且Information不在從句中作成分，所以該句為同位語(yǔ)從句。beenputforward為information的修飾性定語(yǔ)，且information在從句中作主

19、語(yǔ)，所以該句為定語(yǔ)從句。分析語(yǔ)境含義、句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分可知，該句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為aterriblenoise,且它在從句中作主語(yǔ)。的內(nèi)容，且 the terriblenoise。sheiscryingloudly是theterriblenoise不在從句中作成分，所以該句為同位語(yǔ)從句?！緜淇佳侯}】facthewassuccessfulproveshisability.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whyofthemenheldtheviewthebooksaidwasright.A.thatB.whatthatwhatD.whetherquestioncameupat

20、yesterday'smeetingwehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.A.whichC.thatteacheristryinghisbesttoreducehisstudent'sfearhewouldfailinthelastexam.whichD.that【答案與簡(jiǎn)析】ABDD引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明view;what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在同位語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)?！揪殹縮heworkshardiswellknowntousall.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.whichfathermademeapromiseIgotagoodmarkhewouldbuymeapresen