英語專四歷年真題語法分類匯總

1、20092011年英語專業(yè)四級真題語法匯總名詞1. Do you own your apartment or are you a?A. tenant B. customer C. client D. proprietor題解：該題是t義辨析題。tenant意思為“房客”，customer “顧客”，client “客戶”，proprietor“業(yè)主，經(jīng)營者”，例如 The proprietor of the store was formerly a farmer. 這家商店的老板原是一個農(nóng)民。根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系答案為A。20092. Due to personality, the two co

2、lleagues never got on well in work.A. contradiction B. conflictC. confrontation D. competition考查名詞辨析。Contradiction意為“矛盾”，指比較抽象的，在觀點、意見上的矛盾； conflict 意為“沖突”，比矛盾強烈，且可以是針鋒相對的，公開的。由句中的never got on well in work可以判斷，兩人積怨已深，personality conflict指“性格矛盾”，故選B。句意：由于性格沖突， 這兩個同事在工作上從未相處融洽過。20103. There were 150 a

3、t the international conference this summer.A. spectators B. viewers C. participants D. onlookers本題為名詞辨析題。spectator意為“觀眾”；viewer意為“電視觀眾、檢查員” ；participants:® 為“參與者”；onlooker意為“旁觀者”。句中提到的是international conference顯然應(yīng)該指參 會者，故選Co旬意：今年夏天，有150人出席該國際會議。2010代詞1. I was very interested in she told me.A. al

4、l that B. all which C. all what D. that題解：該句考查代詞的用法，需要補充一個詞既可以引導(dǎo)介詞in的賓語從句，又要作從句中的動詞told的賓語，同時要使句中意思符合邏輯，所以答案只能為A,意思為“我對于她告訴我的所有事情都很感興趣”中which不可以作定語從句先行詞的引導(dǎo)詞，C也是同樣原因，D答案缺乏先行詞。20092. When one has good health,should feel fortunate.A. you B. they C. he D. we考查代詞。本句為主從復(fù)合旬，其中時間狀語從句的主語為one,因此主句中對應(yīng)的代詞應(yīng)該用he,

5、故選Co句意：一個人身體健康時應(yīng)該感到幸運。20103. In the sentence“ The manager interviewed Jimhimself in the morning”, the italicized word is used to modify A. the object.B. the verb.C. the subject.D. the prepositional phrase.考查反身代詞。A賓語B動詞C主語D介詞短語。親自是修飾主語，故選C2011形容詞1. We had a good time there, and the food was plentiful

6、 and .A. conducive B. wholesome C. helpful D. appreciative題解：wholesome意思為“有益健康的"，例如Milk is a wholesome food.牛奶是一種有益于健康的食品，所以答案為Bo conducive意思為“有幫助的”，常與to連用，例如Regulating your habits is conducive to good health.使生活習(xí)慣規(guī)律化有益于健康。appreciative (of)意為 “有欣 賞能力的，表示感謝的"，例如：The appreciative audience ap

7、plauded有欣賞力的觀眾鼓掌了。She was deeply appreciative of your help.她對你的幫助深表感激。20092. The young employee has a(n)qualityhe is totally honest.A. respectable B. admirableC. decent D. approachable題解：decent quality "高尚的品德”與下文 honest邏輯上最吻合。respectable令人尊敬的， admirable 受人愛戴的， approachable ”易于親近的“。20093 . For t

8、he advertised position, the company offers a(n) salary and benefits package.A. generous B. plentiful C. abundant D. sufficientA.本題為形容詞辨析題。plentiful意為“大量的，豐富的"；abundant意為“豐富的，充裕的”， 語氣比plentiful強，數(shù)量比plentiful多；sufficient意為“足夠的"。generous意為“豐富的”， 是指larger or more than the usual size or amount之

9、意， 從句意可知， 這里是介紹該職位的優(yōu)厚條件，因此a generous salary是指優(yōu)厚的薪酬及高福利。故選 A。句意：對于廣告上的招聘職 位，公司提供豐厚的薪水和高福利。20104. School started on a cold day in February.A. severe B. bitte r C. such D. frozen本題為形容詞辨析題。這里需要一個副詞來修飾形容詞 cold。只有選項B中的bitter是副詞， 有“極其”之意，a bitter cold day表示“極其寒冷的一天”,故選B。severe意為“嚴(yán)重的”， frozen意為“冰凍的”，故排除。若用s

10、uch的話，應(yīng)為such a cold day故排除。句意：學(xué)校在 二月份的一個酷寒天開學(xué)了。20105. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, action.A. determiningB. defensiveC. demandingD. decisive本題為形容詞辨析題。decisive意為“果斷的”，句中的quick和decisive構(gòu)成近義關(guān)系，符合 語義銜接關(guān)系，故選 Do determining是determine的現(xiàn)在分詞，不能用作形容詞；defensive意 為“

11、防御的，保衛(wèi)的“； demanding 意為“要求高的，吃力的”。均不符合句意，故排除。句意：面對意想不到的困難，他顯示了迅速果斷采取行動的才能。20106. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remainedA. motionlessB. inactiveC. stagnantD. immobile本題為形容詞辨析題。motionless意為“不動的，靜止的"，immobile意為“不動的，靜止的， 固定的"，inactive意為“不活動的，怠惰的"。stagnant意

12、為“不景氣的”，指“狀況不好，沒 有進(jìn)步”，尤其是指經(jīng)濟狀況不好，符合本旬語境，故選 Co旬意：由于經(jīng)濟危機，該地區(qū)的 工業(yè)生產(chǎn)停滯不前。2011動詞1. During the TV interview, the singer announced that he was going to his new album soon.A. release B. renew C. relieve D. rehearse題解：該題為詞匯辨析題，答案為 A,意思為“發(fā)行新專輯" release意思為“發(fā)行，發(fā)表”。renew 意思為“更新、恢復(fù)”，例如 I hope their disrupt f

13、riendship will be renewed. 我希望他們中斷的友誼會恢復(fù)。relieve 意思為 “緩解 （壓力， 疼痛等） ” ， 例如 The pill will relieve you frompain.這藥丸將使你免受痛苦。She took an aspirin to relieve her headache她吃了一片阿斯匹靈以緩解頭痛。 rehearse 意思為 “彩排， 預(yù)演”,例如 The actors were rehearsing in the theater.寅 員們正在劇場里排練。20092. The police had difficulty in the fa

14、ns fi'om rushing on to the stage to take photos with thesinger.A. limiting B. restraining C. confining D. restricting本題為動詞辨析題。limit , restrict和confine為近義詞。limit 一股指事先確定空間、時間或數(shù)量的極限；restrict意為“限制”，指限制某物的大小、數(shù)量等。coMine側(cè)重施加不可逾越的限制，有時暗示束縛、囚禁。restrain 意為“阻止，抑制”，通常與from 搭配，表示“阻止某人做某事”，符合此處語義和語法關(guān)系，故選B。句意

15、：警察經(jīng)常很難阻止歌迷沖到舞臺上和歌手照相。2010情態(tài)動詞1. Aren t you tired? I you had done enough for today.A. should have thought B. must have thoughtC. might have thought D. could have thought題解：該題考查情態(tài)動詞語氣上的差別，答案為 A,意思是“今天你累壞了吧？我本來應(yīng)該想到你今天已經(jīng)忙了一天的。” B 答案是表示對過去事情的判斷，不符合上下文意思。20092. Nancy's gone to work but her car's

16、still there. She by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone考查情態(tài)動詞。must 用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測，意為“一定”。當(dāng) must 后接完成時的時候，表示對已發(fā)生的事情的推測。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)該為有把握的推測，故選 Ao句意：南希去上班了，但她的車還在那兒。她一定是坐公交車去的。2010副詞1. Which of the following adverbs can NOT be used to complete“ everybody cameA.

17、 Nearly B. Quite C. Practically D. Almost題解：B選項中quite為程度副詞，需要修飾形容詞或者副詞，所以答案為B,其在語法上是不成立的。20092. Last Sunday she came to visit usout of the blue. The italicized phrase meansA. unexpectedly B. unhappily C. untidily D. unofficially題解：out of the blue意為“突然地，出人意料地”，所以答案為A。20093. Which of the following wor

18、ds can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film "?A. before B. recently C. lately D. yet本題為句意表達(dá)題，考查的是副詞作狀語的用法。選項D 中的 yet 用于否定句和疑問句，而原句為陳述句，故選D。20104. The team has been working overtime on the research project .A. lately B.just now C. late D. long ago本題為副詞辨析題。Lately 意為“近來”，是用于完成時的一個

19、時間狀語，與句中的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時吻合，故選Ao句意：該小組最近一直加班進(jìn)行該項目研究。20105. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did .A. absolutelyB. accidentallyC. accordinglyD. accurately本題為副詞辨析題。absolutely意為“絕對地，完全地"；accidentally意為“偶然地，意外地”； accurately意為“準(zhǔn)確地，精確地” 。accordingly意為“照著，相應(yīng)地”，由句中的and可以看 出學(xué)生并未不聽老師

20、的話，故選 Co旬意：老師告訴學(xué)生們待在教室里，學(xué)生照做了。2010非謂語動詞1. should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall考查非謂語動詞。本句中缺失主語。動名詞短語作主語時，通常用于表示一件已知的事或經(jīng)驗。不定式短語通常用來表示一件未完成的事或目的。本句中“長得不高”是一件已知的事情，所以選擇動名詞短語作主語，表示否定意義，not要放在動名詞前面，故選 Bo句意：長得不高不該成為生活

21、和工作中的一個嚴(yán)重不足之處。2010 介詞1. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort , the team didn t win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set outfor Beijing yesterday.考察介詞短語。選出表示目的的句子。A 為了娛樂

22、B 盡管付出了很多努力，讓步狀語。C 是時間狀語D 是地點狀語。故選A2011限定詞1. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.考查限定詞排序。限定詞的相互搭配關(guān)系為：前位 +中位+后位。四個選項中，只有 C 中的 Manyhis 為“后位 +中位” ，不符合限

23、定詞的相互搭配關(guān)系，故選C。2010句子成分1. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is).A. the object B. an adverbial C. a complement D. the subject本題為句子成分題。在It's no use waiting for her中，it為形式主語，句子真正的主語是動名詞短語waiting for her,故選D。A意為“賓語”，B意為“狀語”，C意為“補語”。20102. Which of the

24、following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.本題為句子成分題。賓語后面加上一個詞或一個短語用來對賓語的特征、狀態(tài)等情況進(jìn)行補充說明，這個成分稱之為賓語補足語。它和前面的賓語一起形成“復(fù)合賓語”，賓語和賓語補足語之間存在一種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。選項A中的manager和賓

25、語John之間存在邏輯主謂關(guān)系，故為賓語補足語。而選項B、 C、 D 中的動詞后面都是雙賓語。20113. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come?考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。A、

26、B、C選項中do you think是插入語，A中what作主語，B中 Who作表語， C 中 How much 作 earns 的賓語，D 中是狀語。故選C20114. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause （主語從句）?A. We are quite certainthat we will get there in time.B. He has to face the factthat there will be no pay rise this year.C. She saidthat she had se

27、en the man earlier that mornin.gD. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。D中It是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)真實的主語從句，A是表語從句，B是同位語從句 C 是賓語從句。故選D20115. There is no doubt the couple did the right thing in coming back home earlier than planned.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)，that 引導(dǎo)同位語

28、從句。故選B2011虛擬語氣1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English much easier to learn.A. could have beenB. would beC. will be D. would have been題解： 該題考查虛擬語氣的用法，在if 引導(dǎo)的條件句中，使用的是were, 過去時態(tài)，所以表示對現(xiàn)在一般情況的虛擬，那么主句中也相應(yīng)的使用現(xiàn)在虛擬，答案為 Bo該句的意思是"如果沒有虛擬語氣的話，英語將會好學(xué)得多。”答案 C 不是虛擬語氣首先排除，A/D 均表示對過去事情的虛擬也排除。20092. It is

29、necessary that he the assignment without delay.A. hand in B. hands in C. must hand in D. has to hand in考查虛擬語氣。形容詞為 necessary important, impossible, strange, natural, essential等時，在 “ It + be + 形容詞或過去分詞+ 主語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中， 主語從句要用虛擬語氣，其中的 should可以省略。故選Ao旬意：他必須按時交作業(yè)。20103. Its getting late. Id rather younow.A. l

30、eftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave考查虛擬語氣。Would rather最好做某事故選A2011倒裝1. It is going to be fine tomorrow.A. So is it. B. So it is. C. So it does. D. So does it.題解：該題考查so it is和so is it的區(qū)別，so it is是表示進(jìn)一步的強調(diào)，表示事情確實是這樣，例如：It is good to practice everyday. So it is每天鍛煉身體是好習(xí)慣，確實是這樣的；而so is it 是說一件事如此，而另一

31、件事情同樣也如此， 如對話：A: The first book is very interesting. B: Yes. So is the second one （so is it it指代第二本書）。A說：第一本書很有趣。B說：是啊，第 二本也是如此。所以答案為 Bo20092. Little about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger.A. she cared B. she may care C. may she care. did she care題解：該題考查傕J裝句的用法，little放在句首，采用部分倒

32、裝，考慮到上下文的邏輯關(guān)系， 所以答案為D,意思為“雖然處于危險當(dāng)中，但她對自己的危險毫不在意”。2009時態(tài)1. She fifty or so when I first met her at a conference.A. had been B. must be C. has beeD. must have been題解：根據(jù)題干中when I first met her采用的過去時態(tài)，可以判斷該題考查對過去發(fā)生事情的 判斷，所以采用must+完成時態(tài)，答案為Do意思為“當(dāng)我第一次在會議上遇見她時，她肯定 已經(jīng)是50歲左右了”。20092. “It seems that she was t

33、here at the conference." The sentence means thatA. she seems to be there at the conferenceB. she seemed to be there at the conferenceC. she seems to have been there at the conferenceD. she seemed to being there at the conference題解：題干的意思為“看上去她似乎去參加過會議了。”所以答案為C,在動詞不定式中采用完成時態(tài)來表示過去發(fā)生的事情。20093. “The

34、 man preparing the documents is the firmhas sllawyeollowing possible meaningsEXCEPTA. the man who has prepared the documents .B. the man who has been preparing the documents .C. the man who is preparing the documents .D. the man who will prepare the documents .題解： 該題考查動詞的-ing 形式做伴隨定語的用法，其含有正在進(jìn)行，或者一直

35、持續(xù)進(jìn)行的意思，所以答案為D， D 答案表示將來含義。2009 定語從句1. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man he was fifteenyears ago.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that考察定語從句。先行詞the man可先排除A,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語，只能用 that 引導(dǎo)定語從句，故選D。2011賓語從句1. Afterseemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the pe

36、rsonnel manager's office.A. that B. it C. what D. there考查賓語從句。本句中after 后需要一個賓語從句，該賓語從句缺主語，因此需要一個作主語的連接代詞。只有 what可以在賓語從句中充當(dāng)主語，故選 Co句意：在經(jīng)過似乎漫長的等待后，輪到他進(jìn)入人事經(jīng)理的辦公室了。2010 狀語從句1. the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay.A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whichever D. However題解：該

37、題中需要補充一個詞做say的賓語，同時又要引導(dǎo)整個從句，并且要符合句中的邏輯關(guān)系，所以答案為A,意思為“無論老板說什么，我們加班又沒有加班費都是不合理的”。20092. Fool Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. who B. as C. like D. that考查狀語從句。as 用作連此時，和though 的意義相同，而從句中的實義動詞或系動詞后的形容詞需提前。本旬中fool是形容詞，位于句首，符合 as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的使用條件，故選B 。句意：杰瑞再愚蠢也不可能做出這樣的事兒。20103. Which of the fol

38、lowing italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort , the team didn t win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set outfor Beijing yesterday.考察介詞短語。選出表示目的的句子。A 為了娛樂B 盡管付出了很多努力，讓步狀語。C 是時間狀語D 是地點狀語。故選A2011反

39、疑疑問句1. She seldom goes to the theatre, ?A. doesn't she B. does she C. would she D. wouldn't she考查反意疑問句。本句中含有否定含義的副詞seldom,故反意時用肯定形式does she選項A的not與seldom矛盾；選項C和D中的would與句中的goes不吻合。故選B。句意：她很少去劇院，是嗎？20102. When you have finished with the book, don t forget to return it to Tim,?A. do youB. will

40、 youC. don t youD. wont you考察反疑疑問句，主句為否定式的祈使句，故反疑疑問句用將來時的肯定形式，故選B2011比較級1. A new laptop costs about of a second-hand one.A. the price of three times B. three times the priceC. as much as the three times price D. three times more than the price題解：該句考查的是英語倍數(shù)關(guān)系的常用表達(dá)法，通常有三種形式：例如：和（某物的）三倍樣長 1. three time

41、s as long as 2. three times longer than 3. three times the length of, 所以答案為 B。20092. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT?A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked fordouble the usual price.D. They come herefour times every year.考察倍數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)。通常有三種形式：例如： 和 （某物的）三倍一樣長1. three times as long a；s2. threetimes longer than； 3. three times the length of故選 B2011句意理解1. Which of the following italicized