中考專題--形容詞和副詞(含答案)

1、形容詞和副詞01命題趨勢(shì)在歷年各地中考中，形容詞和副詞是必考的知識(shí)點(diǎn)， 分值通常在 35分之間。從命題形式來看，一般有單 項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空、詞語運(yùn)用等；其中對(duì)形容詞和副詞 的句法功能、比較等級(jí)的用法及易混形容詞和副詞的辨 析的考查又是重中之重。預(yù)計(jì)中考熱點(diǎn)仍將集中在形容 詞和副詞的詞義辨析和比較等級(jí)的用法上。02定義形容詞是用來修飾名詞或不定代詞，說明事物和人 的性質(zhì)和特征的一類詞，在句子中用作定語、表語、賓 語補(bǔ)足語；而副詞用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其他副詞， 在句子中作狀語、表語、補(bǔ)語和定語。英語中的形容詞 和副詞都有等級(jí)的變化。03知識(shí)歸類形容詞的位置形容詞作定語通常前置，但在下列情況后置:

2、修飾 some, any, every, no 和 body, thing, one等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞 時(shí)nobody absent, everything possible以-able, -ible結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于有最高級(jí)或only修飾的名詞之 后the best book available, the only solution possiblealive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置the only person awake表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞a bridge 50 meters long形容詞短語一般后置a man difficul

3、t to get on withelse修飾疑問詞和不定代詞時(shí)what else, something else特例清單1 .有些形容詞只能作定語。如：little（小的）,only（唯一的）,wooden（木質(zhì)的）,elder（年長 的）,woolen（羊毛質(zhì)的）等及復(fù)合形容詞 man-made（人造 的）,kind-hearted（好心'的）,English-speaking蛻英語的）,take-away何以 帶走的）等。2 .有些形容詞只能作表語。如：alone（孤獨(dú)的）,asleep（H 著的）,awake（醒著的）,alive（活著 的）,well（健康的）,ill（病的）,

4、frightened（害怕的）等。3 .有些形容詞貌似副詞。如：friendly（友好的）,lively（生動(dòng)的）,lonely（孤獨(dú)的）等。4 .有些形容詞與定冠詞the連用，表示一類人或物。如：We should respect the old and love the young.我們應(yīng)該尊老愛 幼。It ' s not polite to laugh at the blindor the deaf.取笑盲人或聾人是不禮貌的。5 .enough修飾名詞時(shí)既可以放在名詞的前面，也可以放在其 后面；然而，enough作狀語修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，應(yīng)該放在形容 詞或副詞之后。如：We ha

5、ve enough time(=time enough)to finish the work.我們有足 夠的時(shí)間來完成這項(xiàng)工作。He ran fast enough to catch the busftk跑得很快，足夠趕上公共 汽車了。This hall is big enough to hold 1,000 peopl四個(gè)大廳向大的, 可 以容納1000人。6 .多個(gè)形容詞作定語時(shí)，通常按“性質(zhì)-大小(長短、高低、形狀等)-年齡新舊-顏色-國籍(地區(qū)、出處等)-材料”的順序 排列。如：a beautiful tall building 一座漂亮而高大的建筑物a large yellow Ch

6、inese coaL件黃色的中國式大衣【題組訓(xùn)練】形容詞的作用及位置()1. Keep all the windows , it ' s too hot in the room.A.opened B.open C.closed()2. I ' ll not be Jack ' s friend any more.一 Don' t be angry.He ' s just so , but in fact he ' s good to us you know.A.helpful B.direct C.polite D.brave()3. How C

7、indy grows !she ' almost as tall as her mothernow.A.cute B.strong C.fast D.straight()4. After the earthquake , we heard of lots of stories , andall of us were deeply .A.moving;movedB.moving;movingC.moved;movingD.moved;moved()5. Overseas experience may help make our life.So why not try to study a

8、broad?A.usualB.usefulC.successfulD.traditional副詞的分類時(shí)間 副詞soon, now, early, finally,once, recently頻度 副詞always,often,frequently, seldom,never地點(diǎn) 副詞here,nearby,outside, upwards,above疑問 副詞how,where,when,why方式副詞hard,well,fast,slowly,excitedly,really連接副詞how,when,where,why,whether,however,meanwhile程度副詞almost

9、,nearly,very,f airly,quite,rather關(guān)系副詞when,where,why注意:地點(diǎn)副詞、時(shí)間副詞和方式副詞放在句尾，它們同時(shí)出現(xiàn)時(shí)的順序是：方式副詞-地點(diǎn)副詞-時(shí)間副詞。如：The students are doing the experiments carefully in the lab nowU 學(xué)們現(xiàn)在正在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里認(rèn)真地做實(shí)驗(yàn)。Many people take exercise happily on the square every morning.多人每天早晨在廣場上高興地進(jìn)行鍛煉。【題組訓(xùn)練】副詞的作用及位置( )6. David doesn'

10、t like rice noodles , his son doesn't, .A.also B.too C.either D.not( )7. How is Lucy's English?She always does very well in her English exams. But she can understand English radio programs.A.always B.already C.easily D.hardly( )8. Sandy likes travelling. She stays at home during holidays.A.s

11、eldom B.usually C.always D.often( )9. Alex , did you find our old school last week?Yes, but with much difficulty , for it has changed overthese years.A.completelyB.neverC.hardlyD.partly( )10. Teenagers should be encouraged to go and be close tonature.A.inside B.back C.outsideD.off規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

12、構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最局級(jí)一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er, - estsmallfastquicksmallerfasterquickersmallestfastestquickest以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾 的單音節(jié)詞加-r,- st。nicefinenicerfinernicestfinest以輔音字母+y結(jié) 尾的雙音節(jié)單詞， 先把y變?yōu)閕,再加-er,- estearly happyearlierhappierearliesthappiest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié) 尾的重讀閉音節(jié)的 單詞，雙寫末尾的 子母再力口 - er,- estred big thinredder bigger thinnerreddes

13、t biggest thinnest部分雙音節(jié)詞或多 音節(jié)詞在原級(jí)前加more,erestingimportantmore interesting more importantmost interesting most important特例清單1 .使用比較級(jí)時(shí)，在對(duì)比中應(yīng)該是同類進(jìn)行對(duì)比。如：“我的英語不如你的好"應(yīng)譯成" EnMlysh is not as(so)goodas yours. ”而不能譯成 " My English is not as good as you.因?yàn)橹关?句中比較的對(duì)象是 English,而不是 you,所以要把y

14、ou改成 yours(=your English)。2 .使用比較級(jí)時(shí)，切忌一方包含另一方，從而造成自身與自 身的比較。如：“她比她班上任何同學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)都努力"應(yīng)譯成"stucShe harderthan any other student in her class. ",而不能譯成" studies harder than any student in her class. any student in"her class 包括 she,使用了 other才能將其排除?！绢}組訓(xùn)練】()11. Have you watched A Bite of

15、China recently?一Of course.I do believe Chinese food is in the world.A.the most deliciousB.more deliciousC.delicious()12. With the development of modern science , it's for us to get information from all over the world.A.slower B.busier C.harder D.easier()13. The box was than I had expected.I was

16、out of breathwhen I got home.A.more heavierB.much heavierC.little heavierD.very heavier()14. Do you like eating fish , Wang Han?Of course.Nothing can be , I think.A.deliciousB.beautifulC.more deliciousD.more beautiful()15. He is the only one who failed in the math exam. Really?You mean he studies.A.

17、the most carefulB.the least carefulC.the most carefullyD.the least carefully不規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)原級(jí)比較級(jí)最tWj級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstlittlelessleastmany/muchmoremostfarfartherfarthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest【題組訓(xùn)練】()16. Rosa, can I wear jeans and T-shirt to the evening party? 一OK.Bu

18、t a dress might be.A.goodB.worse C.badD.better()17. Oh, it was fantastic! Lily danced so well.Well, I think Kate danced than Lily.A.wellB.betterC.best()18. What do you think of her teaching English?一Great! No one teaches in our school.A.goodB.worse C.betterD.Best()19. If you want to be thinner and h

19、ealthier , you should eat f6 od and take exercise.A.more;fewerB.more;lessC.fewer;moreD.less;more( )20. We held a concert in the hall yesterday.Kate sang among the singers.A.good B.well C.better D.best形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法句型意義例句as+形容詞/ 副詞原級(jí)十a(chǎn)s兩者比較，程度 相同。"asas結(jié)構(gòu)前可以帶表示 程度的狀語，像 quite,almost,half, twice

20、, nearly 等。This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one.這本書幾乎 同那本一樣厚。His ability is not half as high as yours.他的能力不及你的 一半。如果形容詞修飾 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞， 應(yīng)用as+形容詞/ 副詞原級(jí)十a(chǎn)（n） 十可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 形式十a(chǎn)s。Tom is as good a person as his uncle.湯姆和他叔叔一樣是 好人。This is just as good an example as the other one.這個(gè) 例子和另外那個(gè)一樣好。如果指同一個(gè)人 或物，應(yīng)

21、譯為不 但 而且”。Li Mei is as beautiful as she isclever.李梅不但漂亮而且聰 明。not as /so + 形容詞/副詞 原級(jí)+as兩者相比，一方 不及另一方。This village isn ' as/so big as that one.這個(gè)村子沒有那個(gè) 村子大。I didn ' do my homework as carefully as you.我做作業(yè)不 如你仔細(xì)。形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+than兩者進(jìn)行比較。The sun is bigger than the earth.太陽比地球大。She usually gets up ea

22、rlier than others.她通常比別人起 得早。比較級(jí)+and 十比較級(jí)越來越”，多 音節(jié)的用 more and more+形容 詞或副詞原級(jí)。She is growing fatter and fatter.她越來越胖了。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我們的國 家越來越美了。the十比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)“越， 越”，如果“the比較級(jí)”修 飾名詞作定語， 名詞要緊跟在比 較級(jí)之后。The busier the old man is,the happier he feels.那位老人越 忙越高興。The more,t

23、he better.越多越 好。The more money he gets,the more he wants.他得到的錢越 多越想要。具體數(shù)字（如是的The city is two times as big as倍數(shù))+asas倍。my hometown.這個(gè)城市有我的家鄉(xiāng)的2倍大。具體數(shù)字、實(shí) 物、倍數(shù)等+ 比較級(jí)+than形容詞與具體倍 數(shù)等的比較。He is a head taller than I.他比 我高一個(gè)頭。This city is three times larger than that one.這座城市比那 座城市大三倍。形容詞最高 級(jí)+介詞短語 （比較范圍）（三者或三

24、者以 上）最的。He is the tallest boy in our class.他是我們班里最高的男 孩。副詞最高級(jí)+ 介詞短語（比 較范圍）（三者或三者以 上）最的。He works hardest in his class.他是班上學(xué)習(xí)最用功的一 個(gè)。特例清單1. "A+謂語動(dòng)詞+the+比較級(jí)+of the two +”，表 示“兩者中較的”。如：Wang Fei is the taller one of the two brothers.王飛是他們兄弟兩人中較局的一個(gè)。2. " A+謂語動(dòng)詞+one of the+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +in/of短語”表示“是最

25、的之一”。如：Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school.李老師是我們學(xué)校最受歡迎的老師之一。The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.長江是世界上最長的河流之一。3. "A+謂語動(dòng)詞+the+序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+in/of短語” 表示“是第最的”。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃 河是中國第二長河?！绢}組訓(xùn)練】()21. The Yangtze River

26、is one ofin the world.A.the longest riversB.the longest riverC.longer riversD.longer river()22. I think English is asas maths.一I agree with you.A.more interestingB.most interestingC.the most interestingD.interesting()23. Of the two sisters , Lucy isone , and she is also theone who loves to be quiet.

27、A.a youngerB.a youngestC.the youngerD.the youngest()24. The weather is becoming.A.hotter and hotterB.more hot and hotC.hoter and hoterD.more and more hot()25. It ' s smogthese days.That ' s terrible!Yes.I hope to plant trees.trees, air pollution.A.The more , the fewerB.The less, the moreC.Th

28、e less, the fewerD.The more, the less04整合集訓(xùn)反饋層級(jí)化( )1.Joe took up a cup to drink some water, but he found it was.A.empty B.heavy C.clean D.old( )2.It is for us to bring our umbrellas because theweather report says it will rain this afternoon.A.hardB.interestingC.easyD.necessary()3. -How about the mov

29、ie,Jack?It ' s a little boring.And I was too to watch the endof it.A.sleepy B.asleep C.sleep D.sleeping( )4. -Uncle Wang feels very after finishing the work.-He really needs to have a good rest.A.tired;tiringB.tired;tiredC.tiring;tiredD.tiring;tiring( )5.Each of you should be careful enough to k

30、eep yourself when doing this chemistry experiment.A.clear B.safe C.safely D.clearly( )6. Hurry up!The concert will begin soon. Take it easy.We have time left.A.little B.much C.many D.plenty( )7. Why do you like living in the countryside,Uncle Wang?Because the air there is and clean.A.cold B.dirty C.

31、thin D.fresh( )8.We ' d better not eat too much food because itnot only bad for our teeth,but also makes us fat easily.A.tasty B.delicious C.sweet D.cheap( )9.These days I have always felt stressed.You can ask Mrs Lee for help.It f6 r ser to solve your problem.A.necessaryB.usefulC.importantD.pos

32、sible()10. Are you,Mike? Yes, Mom. Could you please get me some water?A.thirsty B.tired C.hungry D.sick( )11.Whose home is away from school in ourclass?一Liu Mei ' s.A.fartherB.farC.the farthestD.near()12.Which of the two cars will you buy? The one.I don ' t have much money.A.cheapB.expensive

33、C.cheaperD.more expensive( )13.Remember this, children.careful you are, mistakes you will make. 一Yes,Miss Gao.A.The more;the fewerB.The more;the fewC.The more;the lessD.The much;the fewer( )14.Which is,the sun,the earth or the moon? The sun of course.A.bigB.biggerC.biggestD.the biggest( )15.Your dau

34、ghter is much now.Yes,the pants she wore last year are all too short for her.A.older B .quieter C.taller D.smarter ( )16.If you keep playing sports every day,your health will be getting.A.good and good B.better and better C.best and bestD.better and best( )17. Mum,could you buy me a dress like this?

35、 Of course.We can buy one than this,but it.A.a better;better thanB.a popular;as good asC.a more popular;not as good asD.a cheaper;as good as ( )18.Which province is the one in winter? It should be Heilongjiang Province,I think.A.coldest B.hotter C.warmest D.cooler ( )19. Would you mind staying in su

36、ch a noisy room? -No,but my son needs a place to study in.A.cleanerB.quieter C.safer D.bigger( )20.The actress is already 50,but she looks thanshe really is.A.youngB.more youngC.more youngerD.much younger()21.Tom,what do you think of the school?Oh,no other school is in the city. It，s one.A.better;a betterB.the best;the bestC.better;the bestD.the best;a better( )22.Now,blogs are traditional diaries among young people.Everyone in my class has a blog.A.very popularB.as popular asC.no