高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)課件-虛擬語(yǔ)氣經(jīng)典講解

1、 虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解 課件課件1.英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣，英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣， 陳述語(yǔ)氣，陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣.2.2. 定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，或者是或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn)二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn) 1 1、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；2 2、條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝；、條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝；3 3、名詞性從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；、名詞性從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；4 4、幾種

2、特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法；、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法；5 5、虛擬語(yǔ)氣與陳述語(yǔ)氣的判定。、虛擬語(yǔ)氣與陳述語(yǔ)氣的判定。時(shí)時(shí) 間間 If If 條件句條件句主主 句句過(guò)去過(guò)去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞 be用用 were 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 do 用用 did would should + do sthcouldmight將來(lái)將來(lái)did / were should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldMight1. If I had HIV, I would know beca

3、use I would feel sick.2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.6. I think we could do it, if we planned i

4、t properly and could borrow the tools.7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.與未來(lái)事實(shí)相反If I were you, I _ buy the house right now. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Shou

5、ld the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _ me tomorrow, I would let himknow A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able BCA2 2、條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝；、條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝； 假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。 條件從句中含有條件從句中含有 should，were， had 三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞并且放在句首時(shí)，三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞并且放在句首時(shí)，可以把可以把if省略。省略。If

6、I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we do? a flood, what should we do?Shoul there be3. 名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主要是表示命令、要求、

7、建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主要是表示命令、要求、建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 賓語(yǔ)從句。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：賓語(yǔ)從句。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞： 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist 兩個(gè)命令：兩個(gè)命令：order, command 三個(gè)建議：三個(gè)建議：advise, suggest, propose 五個(gè)要求：五個(gè)要求：demand , require, request, desire ask 這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞 使用使用should + should + 動(dòng)詞原動(dòng)詞原形，或者將形，或者將shouldshould省略。省略。 我們建議我們建議Tom去

8、休息一下。去休息一下。 他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。 國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。 他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌e suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.He insisted that I (should) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there. 2、以

9、上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句）也要使用括主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句）也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desiredemand, request, desire Its suggested that the plan be carried out. My demand is that she s

10、hould come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.4、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；1）wish + 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：未來(lái)：過(guò)去時(shí) (did/were)過(guò)去完成時(shí) (had done)would/could/might+V. should I wish I were a bird. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.

11、 (過(guò)去過(guò)去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未來(lái)未來(lái))2）would rather that -現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：未來(lái)： I would rather you paid me now. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I would rather you had gone, too. (過(guò)去過(guò)去) Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未來(lái)未來(lái))過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)3） as if /though + 從句從句現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) He looks as if he were drun

12、k. They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.4.Its high time +that -should +V.過(guò)去時(shí)你該走了。我們?cè)撍X(jué)了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.

13、Its high time that you should go.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 5）without和和but for 構(gòu)成虛擬。構(gòu)成虛擬。(but for要不是要不是) Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.But for water, it would be impossible to liv

14、e in the desert.6）If only (要是要是就好了就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again! 要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。 要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車就好了！要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train! 7 7）語(yǔ)境中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣）語(yǔ)境中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣（1） 介詞短語(yǔ)表?xiàng)l件介詞

15、短語(yǔ)表?xiàng)l件 But for your help, we couldnt have succeeded. They wouldnt have reached the agreement so easily without that common ground.（2）情境中提供虛擬語(yǔ)氣）情境中提供虛擬語(yǔ)氣 Suppose there were no gravitational force, objects would not fall to the ground when dropped. She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt hav

16、e left the meeting so early.8）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that - 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.3. Its necessary that we should study hard.三、三、 虛擬語(yǔ)氣假設(shè)條件句型注意

17、點(diǎn)：虛擬語(yǔ)氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點(diǎn)：1.假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital. 經(jīng)典題目經(jīng)典題目1. If

18、you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. asked would know had asked would have knownC. asked him know D. had asked would know2. What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked fartherCD3. How I

19、 wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had4. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. (95 N) A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenBC陳述語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣典型例題典型例題5) The volleyball match will be put of

20、f if it _. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained6) - Would you have called her up _ possible? - Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. had it been was B. if it was were C. if it had been had been D. if it were would beB該句為陳述語(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖窃摼錇殛愂稣Z(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖?will be put off。真。真實(shí)條件句主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代將來(lái)時(shí)。

21、實(shí)條件句主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代將來(lái)時(shí)。問(wèn)句中用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用問(wèn)句中用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用 would have called, 從從句中與過(guò)去相反的動(dòng)詞形式為句中與過(guò)去相反的動(dòng)詞形式為 had done；答句中表示；答句中表示的是真實(shí)的情況，所以該用陳述語(yǔ)氣。的是真實(shí)的情況，所以該用陳述語(yǔ)氣。A高考題點(diǎn)擊高考題點(diǎn)擊7) You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt getB. had drivenwouldnt have got C. drovewouldnt get D. were

22、 drivingwouldnt get 8) It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.(02 上海) A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall前句用的是陳述語(yǔ)氣，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；后句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過(guò)去相反。BB該句主句中用的是與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而從句中

23、使用的是與過(guò)去相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。全句意思為“如果我不在七歲時(shí)迷上了我們家鄉(xiāng)的 Melinda Cox Library，我真不能想象我今天會(huì)做什么?！?- Do you mind if I leave the window open? - Well, Id rather you _ . A. dont B. didnt C. wont D. mustnt10. Its half past eleven. Its high time _ home. A. well B. wed C. were going D. we wentBD11. Jack _ yet, otherwise he would

24、have phoned me. (N 97) A. mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrived C. cant have arrived D. neednt have arrivedC4. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 A、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在動(dòng)詞 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虛擬語(yǔ)氣?？碱}點(diǎn)擊：考題點(diǎn)擊： The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock. A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish2. - What did the doctor say about your mothers illness? - He suggested that she _ an operation at once.