2014全國(guó)高考匯編閱讀之人物傳記類

1、2014全國(guó)高考匯編閱讀之人物傳記類 一（2014廣東卷）ASamuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to

2、 it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鳴曲）by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable .Th

3、ey say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesnt even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.Samuel cant understand why everyone is so surpr

4、ised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me -I hear the notes and can bear them in mind-each and eve

5、ry note,” says Samuel.Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists cant play it. Samuel says c

6、onfidently,” Its all about super memory-I guess I have that gift.”However, Samuels ability to remember things doesnt stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.Samuel is still only a teenager

7、. He doesnt know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.26. What is special about Samuel Osmond? A. He has a gift for writing music.B. He can write down the note he hears.C. He is a top student at the law school.D. He can play th

8、e musical piece he hears.27. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.28.

9、Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he _.A. received a good early education in musicB. played the guitar and the piano perfectlyC. could play the piano without reading musicD. could play the guitar better than his father29. What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?A. He became famous d

10、uring a special event at his college.B. He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.C. He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.D. He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.30. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. The Qualities of

11、 a MusicianB. The Story of a Musical TalentC. The Importance of Early EducationD. The Relationship between Memory and Music.【考點(diǎn)】考察人物傳記類閱讀【文章大意】本文主要講述了一位音樂天才的事情，在不懂樂譜，也從來沒有上過鋼琴課的情況下就能夠演奏很難的樂曲。而且他有超強(qiáng)的記憶力，他就是Samuel Osmond。26. 【答案】D 【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by

12、 musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them.得知他在聽完一個(gè)樂曲幾分鐘以后就可以立刻演奏這些很難學(xué)的樂曲。說明他的記憶力和音樂才能很突出。故D正確。27. 【答案】B 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studi

13、es law and music.因?yàn)樗改赣H希望他學(xué)習(xí)法律，所以他希望自己稱為律師，但是他的音樂老師讓他學(xué)習(xí)音樂，所以現(xiàn)在他法律和音樂一起學(xué)習(xí)。本句可知他原來計(jì)劃是學(xué)習(xí)法律的。故B正確。28. 【答案】C 【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段2,3行About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons.得知他在不理解樂譜也不去上音樂課的情況下，就會(huì)彈鋼琴，這讓人們非常驚訝。故C正確。29.

14、【答案】B 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句Samuel says confidently,” Its all about super memory-I guess I have that gift.”他很自信地說：這是關(guān)于超級(jí)記憶，我認(rèn)為我有那個(gè)天賦。本句說明他很自豪自己有這樣的能力。故B正確。30.【答案】B 【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文主要講述了一位音樂天才的事情，在不懂樂譜，也從來沒有上過鋼琴課的情況下就能夠演奏很難的樂曲。他就是Samuel Osmond。故B正確。【長(zhǎng)難句解析】About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start p

15、laying the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons.【翻譯】大約2年前，我突然決定開始彈鋼琴，我不動(dòng)樂譜也沒有上過音樂課?！痉治觥勘揪渲械慕樵~短語without being able to read music and without having any lessons在句中是伴隨狀語。表示我決定彈鋼琴的時(shí)候，所處的狀態(tài)。二（2014江西卷） A Larry was on another of his underwater expeditions(探險(xiǎn))but this time,

16、 it was different. He decided to take his daughter along with him. She was only ten years old. This would be her first trip with her father on what he had always been famous for. Larry first began diving when he was his daughters age. Similarly, his father had taken him along on one of his expeditio

17、ns. Since then, he had never looked back. Larry started out by renting diving suits from the small diving shop just along the shore. He had hated them. They were either too big or too small. Then, there was the instructor. He gave him a short lesson before allowing him into the water with his father

18、. He had made an exception. Larry would never have been able to go down without at least five hours of theory and another similar number of hours on practical lessons with a guide. Children his age were not even allowed to dive. After the first expedition, Larrys later diving adventures only got bet

19、ter and better. There was never a dull moment. In his black and blue suit and with an oxygen tank fastened on his back, Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean. Dangerous areas did not prevent him from continuing his search. Sometimes, his was limited to a cage underwater but that did no

20、t bother him. At least, he was still able to take photographs of the underwater creatures. Larrys first expedition without his father was in the Cayman Islands.There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them .Fortunately for him,a man offered to take him ar

21、ound the different spots for free. Larry didnt even know what the time was how many spots he dived into or how many photographs he had taken.The diving spots afforded such a wide array of fish and sea creatures that Larry saw more than thirty varieties of creatures.Larry looked at his daughter.She l

22、ooked as excited as he had been when he was her age.He hoped she would be able to continue the family tradition.Already,she looked like she was much braver than had been then.This was the key to a successful underwater expedition.56.In what way was this expedition different for Larry?A.His daughter

23、had grown up.B.He had become a famous diver.C.His father would dive with him.D.His daughter would dive with him.57.What can be inferred from Paragraph2?A.Larry had some privileges.B. Larry liked the rented diving suits.C.Divers had to buy diving equipment.D.Ten-year-old children were permitted to di

24、ve.58.Why did Larry have to stay in a cage underwater sometimes?A.To protect himself from danger.B.To dive into the deep water.C.To admire the underwater view.D.To take photo more conveniently.59.What can be learned from the underlined sentence?A.Larry didnt wear a watch.B. Larry was not good at mat

25、h.C. Larry had a poor memory.D. Larry enjoyed the adventure.60.What did Larry expect his daughter to do?A.Become a successful diver.B. Make a good diving guide.C. Take a lot of photos underwater.D. Have longer hours of training.【考點(diǎn)】考察人物傳記類閱讀【文章大意】本文用倒敘的手法敘述了著名的潛水員Larry的潛水經(jīng)歷，以及他帶著女兒繼續(xù)家庭的傳統(tǒng)繼續(xù)潛水的故事。56.

26、 【答案】D 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章1,2行Larry was on another of his underwater expeditions(探險(xiǎn))but this time, it was different. He decided to take his daughter along with him.可知這次潛水最大的不同是Larry會(huì)帶著他的女兒一起下水。故D正確。57. 【答案】A 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第二段后兩行. He had made an exception. Larry would never have been able to go down without

27、 at least five hours of theory and another similar number of hours on practical lessons with a guide. Children his age were not even allowed to dive.可知在別的孩子不被允許潛水的時(shí)候，Larry已經(jīng)被允許和父親去潛水，說明他享有特權(quán)。故A正確。58. 【答案】A 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段后2行Dangerous areas did not prevent him from continuing his search. Sometimes,

28、 his was limited to a cage underwater but that did not bother him. At least, he was still able to take photographs of the underwater creatures可知一些危險(xiǎn)的地方也沒有能夠阻止他去探險(xiǎn)，有些地方很危險(xiǎn)，他們需要在籠子里，以保護(hù)自己不受到危險(xiǎn)的侵害。說明把他放在水下的籠子里是為了保護(hù)他不受危險(xiǎn)的侵害。故A正確。59. 【答案】D 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)本句. Larry didnt even know what the time was how many

29、spots he dived into or how many photographs he had taken.他甚至不再的自己曾經(jīng)到過多少水下的地方，不知道之間潛水了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，不知道自己拍攝了多少照片。可知他很享受自己的水下探險(xiǎn)，到了忘我的境界。故D正確。60. 【答案】A 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段1，2行Larry looked at his daughter.She looked as excited as he had been when he was her age.He hoped she would be able to continue the family tr

30、adition.可知他希望女兒能夠繼續(xù)家庭的傳統(tǒng)。他的父親是一名潛水員，他也是。那么他也希望自己的女兒也成為一名成功的潛水員。故A正確?！鹃L(zhǎng)難句解析】This would be her first trip with her father on what he had always been famous for.【翻譯】這將是他第一次和他父親在他很出名的領(lǐng)域里一起旅游?！痉治觥勘揪渲械慕樵~on后面有一個(gè)賓語從句what he had always been famous for.，what引導(dǎo)起這個(gè)賓語從句，并在句中充當(dāng)介詞for的賓語。三（2014山東卷）CElizabeth Freema

31、n was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves. At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholders. She became known as “Mumbet” or “Mum Bett.” For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashleys

32、 wife tried to strike Mumbets sister with a spade. Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Furious, she left the house and refused to come back. When the Ashleys tried to make her return, Mumbet consulted a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued(起訴) for her freedom. Wh

33、ile serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts constitution. If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom- the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new c

34、onstitution. Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and work for them as a paid employee. She declined and instead went to work for Segdewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but her legacy lived on in her many descendants(后裔). One of her great-grandchildren was W.E.B. Du Bois

35、, one of the founder of the NAACP, and an important writer and spokesperson for African American civil rights. Mumbets tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It reads, in part: “She was born a slave and remained a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years

36、. She could neither read nor write, yet in her own sphere she had no superior or equal.” 51. What do we know about Mumbet according to Paragraph 1? A. She was born a slave B. She was a slaveholder C. She had a famous sister D. She was born into a rich family 52. Why did Mumbet run away from the Ashl

37、eys? A. She found an employer B. She wanted to be a lawyer C. She was hit and got angry D. She had to take care of her sister 53. What did Mumbet learn from discussions about the new consititution? A. She should always obey her owners orders B. She should be as free and equal as whites C. How to be

38、a good servant D. How to apply for a job 54. What did Mumbet do after the trial? A. She chose to work for a lawyer B. She found the NAACP C. She continued to serve the Ashleys D. She went to live with her grandchildren 55. What is the test mainly about? A. A story of a famous writer and spokesperson B. The friendship between a lawyer and a slave C. The life of a brave African American woman D. A trial that shocked the whole world 【考點(diǎn)】考察人物傳記類閱讀【文章大意】本文介紹了生來就是奴隸的Elizabeth Freeman未了獲得自由而進(jìn)行斗爭(zhēng)，最后獲得自由的故事，以及人們對(duì)她的評(píng)價(jià)。51. 【答案】A 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第一行Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1