最新呼吸內(nèi)科專業(yè)英語(yǔ)

1、呼吸內(nèi)科專業(yè)英語(yǔ)呼吸科英語(yǔ)Bronchialasthma支氣管哮喘acidosis酸中毒Allergen,allergicreaction變異原,變態(tài)反響bloodgasanalysis血?dú)夥治鯝naemia貧血Alveolar肺泡的antibiotic抗生素Atelectasis肺不張Lungabscess肺膿腫Athroscleroticheartdisease動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化性心臟病Beta2-agonistB2受體沖動(dòng)劑Allergicbronchopulmonaryaspergillosis曲霉菌ARDSacuterespiratorydistresssyndrome急性呼吸窘迫綜合征P

2、ercussionandauscultation叩/聽診Pulmonaryarterialstenosis肺動(dòng)脈狹窄Adrenalglucocorticoid腎上腺糖皮質(zhì)激素BBiopsy活檢Bronchiectasis支氣管擴(kuò)張F(tuán)iberopticbronchoscopicbiopsy纖支鏡活檢BALbronchoalveolarlavage支氣管肺泡灌洗Bronchitis,bronchiolitis支氣管炎,細(xì)支氣管炎Boop：bronchiolitisobliteranswithorganizingpneunomia閉塞性細(xì)支氣管炎伴機(jī)化性肺炎Bronchoscopy支氣管鏡檢查CCA

3、HDcoronaryarterioscleroticheartdisease冠心'病CPRcardiopulmonaryresuscitation心肺復(fù)蘇CDILDchronicdiffuseinterstitiallungdisease慢性間質(zhì)性肺病COPDchronicobstnjctivepulmonarydisease慢阻肺Clubbedfinger杵狀指drycough干咳Cyanosis紫絹Nonproductivecough干咳Complication并發(fā)癥DDyspnea呼吸困難Differentialdiagnosis鑒別診斷Dischargediagnosis出院診

4、斷EEmphysema肺氣腫pulmonaryembolism肺栓塞Acidbaseequolibrium酸堿平衡etiology病因?qū)WEmphysematous肺大泡Expectoration吐痰Exacerbation力口重Endogenous內(nèi)生的Exogenous外生的FInterstitialpulmonaryfibrosis間質(zhì)性肺纖維化GGM+GramstainpositiveGm-GramstainnegativeHHypersensitivitypneumonia過敏性肺炎Hemoglobin血紅蛋白Hemoptysis咯血Hemorrhage出血HRCThigh-resol

5、utioncomputerizedtomography高分辨CTHistology組織學(xué)Hypoxia缺氧IIdiopathicinterstitialpneumonia特發(fā)間質(zhì)性肺炎Intratracheal氣管內(nèi)的Intravenous靜脈內(nèi)的NNoninvasiveventilation無(wú)創(chuàng)機(jī)械通氣OOSASobstructivesleepapneasyndrome阻塞性呼吸暫停綜合征PPulmonarysecondsound肺動(dòng)脈瓣第二心音Pneumonia肺炎Pneumothorax氣胸PTEpulmonarythromboembolism肺動(dòng)脈血栓栓塞癥Ventilation/pe

6、rfusionratio通氣血流比Pleura胸腔積液Primarybronchogeniccarcinoma原發(fā)性支氣管源性肺癌Provocationtest激發(fā)試驗(yàn)Parenchymal實(shí)質(zhì)的insterstial間質(zhì)的Plumonaryedema肺水腫Lobarpneumonia大葉性肺炎2/3Lobularpneumonia小葉性肺炎R(shí)Moistrales濕羅音Dryrales干羅音sSaO2saturationinarterialblood動(dòng)脈血氧飽和度Shortofbreath氣短Syncope暈厥Sarcoidosis結(jié)節(jié)病Segment段TTuberculosis結(jié)核病Tach

7、ypnea氣促Thrombosis血栓TBLBtransbronchiallungbiosy經(jīng)支氣管肺活檢Thoracoscopy胸腔鏡檢查uUpperrespiratorytractinfection上呼吸道感染W(wǎng)Wheeze哮鳴音其他facilitatingsputumexpectoration排痰releaseofbronchialspasm解痙細(xì)菌steptococcuspneumoiae肺炎鏈球菌staphylococcus葡萄球菌legionella軍團(tuán)菌mycoplasma支原體chlamydia衣原體pneumococcus肺炎球菌video-assistedthoracosc

8、opic-gxiidedfGo'nEksskoup胸月空鏡lungbiopsyopenkingbiopsypleuralbiopsybiopsyofenlargedlymphnodesD-Dimerselectrocardiogram(ECG)心電圖echocardiogram超聲心動(dòng)圖V/Qisotopeaisoutsup同位素scan(ventilation/perfusionscanning)spiral螺旋CT/MRA(MagneticResonanceAngiography,aend3丁ogrofi血管造影術(shù))pulmonaryangiographyDopplerf'

9、doph多普勒USSthigh6ai大腿andpelvis'pelvis骨盆(USS:ultrasoundscanning)cardiacmonitorPSG(polysommography)常見的病名diseasesacuteupperrespiratorytractinfection急性上呼吸道感染commoncold普通感冒influenza流感,influ'enznpharynigitis咽炎pharyngalgiaf(Erin,giEld3io咽痛acutebroncho-bronchitis急性氣管-支氣管炎4/14pneumonia肺炎communityacqui

10、redpneumonia(CAP)社區(qū)獲得性肺炎hospitalacquiredpneumonia(HAP)醫(yī)院獲得性肺炎nosocomicalpneumonia(NP)醫(yī)院內(nèi)肺炎bronchiectasis支氣管擴(kuò)張chornicbronchitis慢性支氣管炎pulmonaryemphysema肺氣腫chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(acuteexacerbating)AECOPDCOPD急性發(fā)作bronchialasthma支氣管哮喘allergicrhinitisr如naitis過敏性鼻炎respiratoryfailure呼吸衰竭lungabsce

11、ss肺膿腫pulmonarytuberculosis肺結(jié)核病kingcancer:肺癌primarybronchogeniccarcinoma原發(fā)性支氣管肺癌squamouslkweimoscellcarcinoma鱗癌adenocarcinoma腺癌'adnnmkcrsi'noumnbronchoalveolarcellcarcinoma支氣管肺泡細(xì)胞癌smallcelllungcarcinoma(SCLC)小細(xì)胞肺癌pulmonarymetastasis肺轉(zhuǎn)移瘤mn'tcestnsispulmonaryembolism(PE)肺栓塞pulmonarythromboe

12、mbolism(PTE)月市血栓栓塞癥eipmbnirembnliznmpulmonaryinfarction肺梗死deepvenousthrombosis.DVT深靜脈血栓形成empyema膿胸pneumothorax氣胸pyopneumothorax膿氣胸painu,nju:mnu,6n:nEkschronicsuppurativedisease慢性化膿性疾病SApjuorotiv,-reitivcongenitalcyanoticdisease先天性紫絹性心臟病Lsaidnotikcorpulmonale肺源性心臟病k6,pumnhaelipulmonaryhypertension肺動(dòng)脈

13、高壓pulmonaryencephalopathy月市性月盲病en,sefo,opo0irightheartfailure;right-sidedheartfailure右心衰竭pulmonaryvasculardiseases肺血管疾病interstitiallungdisease,ILD彌漫性間質(zhì)性肺疾病idiopathicpulmonaryfibrosis.IPF特發(fā)性肺纖維化,ididpee8ikcryptogenic,kriptau'djenik隱源性的fibrosingalveolitis,CFA隱源性纖維化性肺泡炎connectivetissuerelatedlungdi

14、seases結(jié)締組織相關(guān)性肺疾病systemiclupuslju:pns狼瘡erythematosus,SLE系統(tǒng)性紅斑狼瘡dermatomyositis皮肌炎sarcoidosis結(jié)節(jié)病,sa:kni'dnusisPulmonaryalveolarproteinosis,proutiinousis,PAP肺泡蛋白沉積癥Idiopathicpulmonaryhemosiderosishi:mou,sidoTousis,hem-特發(fā)性肺含鐵血黃素沉著病Langerhanscellgranulomatosis朗格漢斯細(xì)胞肉芽腫病gnenjujnumn'tousisEosinophi

15、licgranuloma嗜酸性肉芽腫,i:osinn'filikHistiocytosisX組織細(xì)胞增多癥XWegenergranulomatosisWegener肉芽腫extrinsicallergicalveolitis外源性過敏性肺泡炎pneumoconiosis塵月市nju:mn,kouni、usisdrug-inducedkingdisease藥物性肺病aspergillosisie,spn:d3i'lnusis曲菌病：allergicbronchopulmonaryaspergillosis(ABPA)pleuraldisease胸膜疾病broncho-pleura

16、lfistula支氣管胸膜痿fistjulnoralcandidiasis口腔念珠菌病,鵝口瘡Lkaendi'daiosisosteoporoticbonechange骨質(zhì)疏松樣改變glaucoma青光眼cataract白內(nèi)障acutekinginjury,ALI急性肺損傷acuterespiratorydistresssyndrome,ARDS急性呼吸窘迫綜合征urticaria尊麻疹eczema濕疹hypertension高血壓diabetes糖尿病beadministered,treatsb.withempirical經(jīng)驗(yàn)性的,prophylactic,profil比ktik,p

17、rou-預(yù)防性,remedialri'mi:dinl治療性Expectorant祛痰藥eks'pektnrnntMucolytics粘液溶解劑,mju:kou'litik常用的藥物drugsoragentsbronchodilator支氣管擴(kuò)張劑,bpgkoudai'lei管B2-agonistsaegnnist興奮劑:short-acting:salbutamol沙丁胺醇sadbju:tomo(:)llong-acting:salmeterol沙美特羅muscarinic,mAskd'rinik毒蕈堿樣的antaganistsaen'taego

18、nist對(duì)抗劑:ipratropiumbromide*broumaid異丙托澳胺aminophylline氨茶堿n,mi:nnu'fili:nsteroidsstinrnid類固醇inhaled:budesonide布地奈po(per德,os).,beclomethasone,beklnu'me8nsnun倍氯米松,fluticasone氟替卡松systemic:prednisolonepred'nisoloun強(qiáng)的松hydrocortisoneljhaidrouoitizaun氫化可的松iv.mastcellstabilizers:cromoglycatesodium

19、色甘酸鈉leukotriene,lju:knu'traion白三烯receptorantagonists:montekikast孟魯司特respiratorystimulants:lobeline6/14nikethamideni'keOsmaid,-mid尼可剎米cardiactonic強(qiáng)心劑diuretics利尿劑,daijuotetikalbumin白蛋白aelbjuminantitussiveagents鎮(zhèn)咳藥LanH'tAsivammoniumchloride氯化錢n'mnunjnm錢kb:raid氯化物ambroxol氨溪索(mucosolvan沐舒

20、坦)Panoc潘妥洛克常用的治療舉措loworhighflowoxygen:nasalcannulaekiEnjuli:鼻導(dǎo)管,Venturiven'tjunri文里氏face-masknebulizernebjulaizn噴霧器：finerparticlesize(3to20um)allowstracheobronchialdepositionmetereddoseinhaler(MDI)定量霧化吸入器viaintubation,intju:'beijon插管,tracheostomy,traekibstnmi,trei-氣管造口術(shù),tracheotomyLtnekiRomi

21、,氣管切開術(shù))synchronizedintermittentmandatoryventilation,SIMV同步間歇指令通氣pressuresupportventilation,PSV壓力支持通氣thoracocentesis胸腔穿刺術(shù),8rokosen'tesischestdraiii/drainage引流術(shù)chemotherapy化療radiationtherapy放療pneumonectomy肺切除術(shù)Lnju:mou'nek3milobectomyofking,pulmonarylobectomy肺葉切除術(shù)loubektomi葉切除術(shù)thoracotomy開胸術(shù),胸廓

22、切開術(shù)pleurodesis胸膜剝脫術(shù)pleurectomy胸膜切除術(shù)pleuraladhesion胸膜粘連術(shù)thromboendarterectomy血栓動(dòng)脈內(nèi)膜切除術(shù)inferiorvenacavafilter下腔靜脈過濾器cystic'sistik囊性的/varicosevserikous曲張樣/cylindrical柱狀-tram-tracks軌道樣hemoptysisdeviation:tracheaandapexeipeks尖端shiftcontralaterally對(duì)立的旁邊CXR:translucencytraenzljirsonsi半透明+collapse倒塌：vis

23、iblerim邊緣refractoryorrecurrent周期性的：pleurodesis胸膜固定術(shù),pleurectomyplu'rektnmi胸膜切除術(shù),bullafbulo大皰stapling裝訂orlasering激光常用的化療藥9/14cisplatin順粕Gemcitabine吉西他濱:Gemzar鹽酸吉西他濱注射劑paclitaxel;taxinol紫杉醇Taxol泰素docetaxel多西他賽泰素帝常見的抗生素beta-lactamantibiotics:inhibitcellwallsynthesispenicillinskintestamoxicillin阿莫西林

24、piperaci11in/tazobactamsodium哌拉西林/他唾巴坦鈉ticarcillin/clavulanatepotassium替卡西林/克拉維酸鉀cephamycin頭胞菌素類cefradine頭狗拉陡cefaclor頭狗克洛cefoperazone/sulbactani頭孑包哌酮/舒巴坦ceftriaxone頭孑包曲松cefpiramide頭孑刨tt咤ceftazidime頭孑包他定ceftizoxime頭孑包唾污carbopenems碳青霉烯類azactam氨曲南meropeneni美羅培南imipenemandsodiumcilastatin亞胺培南/西司他丁鈉泰能tie

25、namGlycopeptides糖肽類inhibitcellwallassemblyvancomycin萬(wàn)古霉素norvancomycin去甲萬(wàn)古霉素teicoplanin替考拉林Macrolides大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類：inhibitproteinsynthesisroxithromycin羅紅霉素clarithromycin克拉霉素azithromycin阿奇霉素erythromycin紅霉素Aminoglycosideantibiotics:氨基糖首類reno-andototoxicinhibitinitiationandelongationprocessduringproteinsynthesi

26、samikacin阿米卡星(丁胺卡那)gentamicin慶大霉素streptomycin鏈霉素Sulfamido磺胺類sulfamethoxazolecompound(SMZ.CO)QuinolonesQ諾酮類：inhibitDNAgyrasenorfloxacin諾氟沙星ofloxacin氧氟沙星levofloxacin左氧氟沙星gatifloxacin加替沙星moxifloxacin莫西沙星ciprofloxacin環(huán)丙沙星Tetracycline四環(huán)素類minocycline美滿霉素Nitromidazole硝基咪唾類metronidazole甲硝嘎tinidazole替硝唾ornid

27、azole奧石肖嚶Antitubercularagents抗結(jié)核藥rifampicin利福平rifapentine利福噴丁isoniazide,isonicotinichydrazideacidINH異煙腫pyrazinamide毗嗪酰胺ethambutol乙胺丁醇Antifungal/antimycoticdrug抗真菌藥nystatin制霉菌素amphotericin兩性霉素Bfluconazole氟康嚶voriconazole伏立康建itraconazole伊曲康唾Antivirusagentsribavirin利巴韋林oseltamivir奧司他韋acyclovir阿昔洛韋gancic

28、lovir更昔洛韋valaciclovir伐昔洛韋foscarnetsodium,phosphonoformicacid瞬甲酸鈉(可耐)lamivudine拉米夫定entecavir恩替卡韋常見的病原微生物microorganism,microbe微生物bacterium細(xì)菌lipopolysaccharide(LPS)脂多糖antibiotics抗生素pyrogen致熱原exotoxin夕卜毒素endotoxin內(nèi)毒素Gramstain革蘭染色Colonyformingunit,CFU集落形成單位antibacterialagents抗菌藥resistance耐藥性ESBLs：extende

29、dspectrumB-lactamases超光譜B內(nèi)酰胺酶MRSA：methicillin-resistantstaphylococcusaureus耐甲氧西林金黃色葡萄球菌bacteremia菌血癥toxemia毒血癥11/14endotoxemia內(nèi)毒素血癥septicaemia敗血癥pyemia膿毒血癥pathogen致病原pathogenicity致病性virulence毒力medianlethaldose(LD50)半數(shù)致死量medianinfectivedose(ID50)半數(shù)感染量virus病毒replication復(fù)制viremia病毒血癥normalmicrobiota,mi

30、croflora,normalflora,physiologicalmicrobiota正常微生物群floradisequilibrium菌群失調(diào)dysbacteriosis菌群失調(diào)癥opportunisticinfection時(shí)機(jī)性感染conditionedinfection條件致病性感染endogenousinfection內(nèi)源性感染exogenousinfection外源性感染antimicrobialsusceptibilitytesting藥物敏感試驗(yàn)minimuminhibitoryconcentration(MIC)最小抑菌濃度minimumbactericidalconcent

31、ration(MBC)最小殺菌濃度disinfection消毒sterilization滅菌asepsis無(wú)菌aseptictechnique無(wú)菌技術(shù)bacteriostasis抑菌antisepsis防腐disinfectant消毒劑bacteriostaticagent抑菌劑bactericide殺菌劑autoclavingorsteamunderpressuresterilization高壓蒸汽滅菌法ultravioletradiation,UV紫外線isolationprecaution隔離預(yù)防artificialactiveimmunization人工主動(dòng)免疫vaccination疫

32、苗接種killed/inactivatedvaccine死/滅活疫苗attentuatedlivevaccine減毒活疫苗toxoid類毒素artificialpassiveimmunity人工被動(dòng)免疫antitoxin抗毒素gammaglobulin丙種球蛋白Staphylococcusaureus金黃色葡萄球菌Coagulase-negativestaphylococci凝固酶陰性葡萄球菌Staphylococcusepidermidis表皮葡萄球菌12/14Streptococcuspneumoniae,pneumococcus肺炎鏈球菌Viridansstreptococci草綠色鏈球

33、菌Escherichiacoli大腸埃希菌Klebsiellapneumoniae肺炎克雷伯菌Pseudomonasaeruginosa銅綠假單胞菌Haemophilusinfluenzae流感嗜血桿菌Legionella軍團(tuán)桿菌屬Enterobactercloacae陰溝腸桿菌Serratia沙雷菌屬Proteusvulgaris普通變形桿菌Acinebacter不動(dòng)桿菌屬Neisseriameningitis,meningococcus腦膜炎鏈球菌Neisseriagonorrhoeae,gonococcus淋病奈瑟菌Shigella,dysenterybacterium痢疾桿菌Salmo

34、nellatyphi傷寒沙門菌Vibriocholerae霍亂弧菌Helicobacterpylori幽門螺桿菌Campylobacterjejuni空腸彎曲菌Mycobacterium,acid-fastbacilli分枝桿菌屬！抗酸桿菌Mycobacteriumtuberculosis,tuberclebacillus結(jié)核分枝桿菌Purifiedproteinderivate,PPDOldtuberculin.OTAtypicalmycobacteria非結(jié)核分枝桿菌Mycobacteriumleprae麻風(fēng)分枝桿菌Anaerobicbacterial厭氧性細(xì)菌Clostridiumtetani破傷風(fēng)梭菌Clostridumperfringens產(chǎn)氣莢膜梭菌Clostridumbotulinum肉毒梭菌Clostridumdifficile艱難梭菌antibiotic-associateddiarrhea抗生素相關(guān)性腹瀉pseudomembranouscolitis假膜性結(jié)腸炎Corynebacteriumdiphtheriae白喉棒狀桿