小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)和習(xí)題

1、完美WORD格式編輯 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)及習(xí)題 一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1 . 一般情況下，直接加 -s ,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2 . 以 s. x. sh. ch 結(jié)尾，力口-es , 如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y 為i, 再加-es ,如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4 .以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es ,如：knife-knives5 . 不規(guī)貝U 名詞 復(fù)數(shù)

2、： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice , child-children , foot-feet,tooth-teeth , fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 6.合成詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則1)以不可數(shù)名詞結(jié)尾的復(fù)合名詞無復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： homework, newspaper等。2) 以man或woman為前綴的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，前后兩個(gè)名詞都變成復(fù)數(shù)。例如： woman doctor wome

3、n doctors, man waiter men waiters.7.集體名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。例如：people police等本身就是復(fù)數(shù)， 不能說 a people ,a police ，但可以說 a person ,a policeman , the English , the British , the French , the Chinese, the Japanese, the Swiss 等名詞，表示國(guó)民總稱時(shí)，作復(fù)數(shù)用，如 The Chinese are industries and brave.中國(guó)人民是勤勞勇敢的。寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)Ihimthisherwa

4、tchchildphotodiarydayfootbookdresstoothsheepbox_ strawberry _thiefpeachsandwichmanwomanpaperjuicewatermilkricetea學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)參考資料完美WORD格式編輯二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【No. 1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1 .表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如： The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2 .表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3 .表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.

5、地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1 . be 動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+ 其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一個(gè)男孩。2 .行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it) 時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1 . be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not + 其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Are you

6、 a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如： Where is my bike?2 .行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ don't( doesn't ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用 doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+ 其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I d

7、on't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用 does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1 . 一般情況下，直接加-s ,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾，力口-es ,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3 .以“輔音字母+

8、y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteach二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy(be) in Class One.3. We(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they(like) the World C

9、up?6. What they often(do) on Saturdays?7. your parents(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I(take) a walk together every evening.10. There(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike(like) cooking.12. They(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt(look) after her baby car

10、efully.14. You always(do) your homework well.15. I(be) ill. I ' m staying in bed.16. She(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao(do) not like PE.18. The child often(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight lessons this term.20. 一 What day(be) it today?It ' s Saturd

11、ay.三、按照要求改寫句子1. Tom watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)4. Amy likes playing computer games.( 改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句)7. I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線

12、部分提問)8. John comes from Canada.( 對(duì)劃線部分提問)9. She is a good student.（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答）10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.（ 改為否定句）五、改錯(cuò)（劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上）1. Is your brother speak English?2. Does he likes going fishing?3. He likes play games after class.4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.5. She don ' t do

13、 her homework on Sundays.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 be+動(dòng)詞ing.3 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把 be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+ be + 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+ be + 動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接加ing,如：cook-cooking2. 以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾，去 e 力口 ing , 如： m

14、ake-making, taste-tasting3. 如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing ,如:run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim makego like write skireadhavesingdanceputseebuylovelivetakecomegetstopsitbeginshop二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：I.The boy( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls( sing)in the classro

15、om .3. My mother( cook )some nice food now.4. What you( do ) now?5. Look . They( have) an English lesson .6. They(not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls(dance )in the classroom .8. What is our granddaughter doing? She(listen ) to music.9. It ' s 5 o' clock now. We(have)supper now10.

16、Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)2. The students are cleaning the classroom .(改般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)3. I ' m playing the football in the playground .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)4. Tom is reading books in his room .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)四、將來時(shí)理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

17、句中一 般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to + do ; will+ do.三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are) l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won' t。例如：I ' m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I ' m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提

18、到句首，some改為any, and改為or,第一二人稱 互換。例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Tre you going to goon an outing this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1 .問人。Who例如：I' m going to New York soon.Wh6 s going to New Yorksoon.2 . 問干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this a

19、fternoon. What is your father g oing to do with you this afternoon.3 .問什么時(shí)候。When例如：She s going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同義句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow (明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow. 練習(xí)：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I have a picnic with my friends.I have a p

20、icnic with my friends.2. 下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打籃球。Whatnext Monday?I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。your mother go shopping this?Yes, she. She buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。What time you meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go on a picnic.(改否定)Nancy going to go

21、 on a picnic.6. I ' ll go and visit them.(改否定)I go visit them.7. I,m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑問句)to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus station at 10:30.(改一般疑問句)meet at the bus station at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)she after school?

22、10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We(have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother(go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He (go) to sc

23、hool by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually(watch) TV and (catch) insects?15. It ' s Friday today. What she (do) this weekend? She(watch) TV and(catch) insects.16. What(d0) you do last Sunday? I(pick) apples on a farm. What(do) next Sunday?I (milk) cows.17. Mary(visit) her gra

24、ndparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao(fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David(give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I(plan) for my study now五、一般過去時(shí)1 .一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2 . Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：am和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)?was。 (was not=wasn' t)are 在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)?were。(were not

25、=weren ' t)帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在 was或were后力口 not, 一般疑問句把 was或 were調(diào)到句首。3 .句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子否定句：didn ' t + 動(dòng)詞原形，如： Jim didn ' t go home yesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞

26、過去式？如： Who went to home yesterday?動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1 . 一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed ,如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .結(jié)尾是 e 力口 d,如：taste-tasted3 .末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再力口-ed,如：stop-stopped4 .以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i , 再加-ed,如：study-studied5 .不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go

27、-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, swim-swam, sit-sat過去時(shí)練習(xí)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式is/am fly plant aredrink play go makedoes dance worry askeat draw put eatthrow pass doBe動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（1

28、）一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp last week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday eveni

29、ng.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.否定句：一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：2. They were in his pocket.否定句：一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots

30、of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. ItChildren ' s Day. All the students very excited.行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)一、用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. He(live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat(eat) a bird last night.3. We(have) a party last Halloween.4. I(ma

31、ke) a model ship with Mike yesterday.5. They(play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.6. My mother(cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.7. The girls(sing) and(dance) at the party.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句：一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：2. Sam went to school early.否定句：一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：3.

32、We sang some English songs.否定句：一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)(2)一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I(watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he.6. What she(find) in

33、the garden last morning?She(find) a beautiful butterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. They played football in the playground.否定句：一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：三、中譯英1 .斯瑪特先生去年住在中國(guó)。2 .昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。過去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)(1)一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It(be) Amy ' s birthday last Friday.2. We all(have) a good time last night.3. He(jump) high on last Sports Day.4. She

34、 likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday. (read)5. He football now, but they basketball just now. (play)9. I(watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We(go) to school on Sunday.過去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)(2)一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It(be) the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr Smart(go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan(put) the book on his h

35、ead a moment ago.3. Don ' t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)4. What you just now? I some housework. (do)5. They(make) a kite a week ago.6. he the flowers this morning? Yes, he. (water)7. She(be) a pretty girl. Look, she(do) Chinese dances.8. The students often(draw) some pictures in the art

36、room.六、形容詞的比較級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí)、形容詞的比較級(jí) 1、形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用： 兩個(gè)事物或人的比較用比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)后面一般 帶有單詞than。比較級(jí)前面可以用 more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人 稱代詞用主格(口語(yǔ)中可用賓格)。2 .形容詞加er的規(guī)則：一般在詞尾加er ;以字母e結(jié)尾，力口 r ;以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 er ;以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i ,再加er 。3 .不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful三、練習(xí)一)、寫出下列形容詞的比較級(jí)old

37、young tall longshort strong big smallfat thin heavy lightnice good beautiful二)、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1. My brother is two years(old)than me.2. Tom is as(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary

38、 ' s hair is as(long) as Lucy ' s.7.Ben(jump)(high) than some of the boys in his class.8 .My eyes are(big) than(she).9 .Which is(heavy),the elephant or the pig?三)、翻譯句子：1、誰(shuí)比Jim年紀(jì)大？is than Jim ?2、誰(shuí)比David更強(qiáng)壯？than David?3、誰(shuí)的鉛筆更長(zhǎng)，他的還是她的？pencil is,or ?4、誰(shuí)的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。apples,your or you

39、r?My.七、There be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別1、There be句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2、在there be句型中，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is ;主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are ;如有幾件物品，be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最近be動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定。3、there be句型的否定句在be動(dòng)詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。4、there be 句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：there be 表示在某地有某物(或人)； have(has)表示某人擁有某物。5、some和 any 在there be 句型中的運(yùn)用： some用于肯定句， any 用于否定句 或疑問句。6、a

40、nd和or在there be句型中的運(yùn)用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑 問句。7、針對(duì)數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：How many +名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there +介詞短語(yǔ)？How much +不可數(shù)名詞+ is there +介詞短語(yǔ)？8、針對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：What' s +介詞短語(yǔ)？Fill in the blank with"have,has ” or “there is , there are ”1. I a good father and a good mother.2. a telephone on the desk.3.

41、He a radio.4. a basketball in the playground.5. She some dresses.6. They a nice garden（花園）.7. What do you?8. a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike?10. any books in the bookcase?11. My father a story-book.12. a story-book on the table.13. any flowers in the vase?14. How many students in th

42、e classroom?15. My parents some nice pictures.16. some maps on the wall.17 .a map of the world on the wall.18 .many children on the hill.用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。1、There a lot of sweets in the box.2、There some milk in the glass.3、There some people under the the big tree.4、There a picture and a map on the wall.5、T

43、here a box of rubbers near the books.6、 There 10ts of flowers in our garden last year.7、There a cake behind the fridge（冰箱）yesterday.8、There four cups of coffee on the table.Fill in the blank with" have, has ”1. I a nice dress.2. He a good friend.3. They some books.4. We some flowers.5. She a du

44、ck.6. My father a new bike.7. Her mother a vase.8. Our teacher an English book.9. Our teachers a basketball.10. Nancy many skirts.11. David some jackets.12. My friends a football.13. What do you?14. What does Mike?15. What do your friends?16. What does Helen?17. His brother a basketball.18. Her sist

45、er a nice doll.19. Miss Li an English book.八、人稱代詞和物主代詞1、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞之前（有時(shí)候位于than之后），賓格一般位于動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時(shí)后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性則單獨(dú)使用，后面不帶名詞。人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性我I me 我的my mine你，你們you you 你的，你們的 your yours他 he him 他的 his his她 she her 她的 her hers它 it it 它的 its its我們 we us 我們的 our

46、ours他(她,它)們they them 他(她,它)們的their theirs一.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but is verybig. ( I )2. The dress is. Give it to. ( she )3. Is this watch? (you) No, it ' s not. ( I )4. is my is Jack. Look! Those stamps are . ( he )5. dresses are red. (we) What colour are? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is? ( she )7. I can find my toy, but where ' s? ( y