非謂語動(dòng)詞的做題步驟

1、非謂語動(dòng)詞的做題步驟1. 判定是謂語還是非謂語。方法：找謂語動(dòng)詞。如果句子已經(jīng)有了謂語動(dòng)詞，要用的動(dòng)詞有下列情況：1）并列謂語（應(yīng)有連詞 and，but，or等）；2）并列句或從句謂語（應(yīng)有從句、連詞或分號“；”）3）非謂語動(dòng)詞（作主、賓、表、定、狀、補(bǔ)等成分）2. 找非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語。1）一般是句子的主語；2）定語的邏輯主語是所修飾詞；3）賓語補(bǔ)足語的邏輯主語是賓語；4）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語是分詞前名詞或代詞。3. 判斷主被動(dòng)關(guān)系。方法：確定非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。4. 判斷時(shí)間關(guān)系。方法：分析句子，看非謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前、之后還是同時(shí)。之前常用done;

2、之后常用to do; 同時(shí)常用doing 。這些只用于一般情況，注意特殊情況，如：有些動(dòng)詞只接不定式作賓語，而有些動(dòng)詞只能接動(dòng)詞 -ing形式作賓語。再如：judging from等一類短語已是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：1）The storm left,a lot of damage to this area.A. caused B. have causedC. to causeD. havi ng caused分析：（1 ）判斷是謂語還是非謂語：句中l(wèi)eft是謂語，cause要用非謂語形式，排除B項(xiàng)；（2） 找邏輯主語：cause是“ The storm left”的結(jié)果狀語，邏輯主語是句子主語the

3、 storm ；（3） 判斷主被動(dòng)：cause a lot of damage 是由the storm 發(fā)出的，所以是主動(dòng)，排除A（ caused 作非謂語時(shí)是過去分詞，表被動(dòng)）；（4） 判斷先后關(guān)系：cause damage與謂語動(dòng)詞left前已經(jīng)發(fā)生，要用表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生的having done。答案：Do2） many times, he still couldn' t understand it .A. Havi ng bee n toldB. Bei ng toldC. He had bee n toldD. Though he was told分析：（1） 判斷是謂語還是非

4、謂語 ：句中couldn ' t understand是謂語，沒有并列句連詞 and、but、so 等，排除C;選項(xiàng)D是讓步狀語從句，但是 many times經(jīng)常用完成時(shí)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，排除 D。所以told要 用非謂語形式。（2） 找邏輯主語：tell要作狀語，邏輯主語是句子主語he；（3） 判斷主被動(dòng)：根據(jù)句意，he是被別人告訴的，所以he和tell是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用be told ；（4） 判斷先后關(guān)系：be told是在couldn ' t understand前發(fā)生，要用表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成的having been told 。答案：Ao非謂語動(dòng)詞做題七原則1.用作目的狀語，多用

5、不定式When asked why he went there, he said he was sent therefor a space flight.A. trai ningB. being trainedC. to have trainedD. to be trained解析：由于進(jìn)行航空飛行訓(xùn)練是他被派往那兒的目的，所以要用不定式，因此可排除A和 B。另外，由于“他”與“訓(xùn)練”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，選Do2.用作伴隨狀語，多用動(dòng)詞-ing 形式As the lightturnedgree n.I stood for a moment, not, and asked myself what I w

6、as goingto do.A. moved B. movingC. to moveD. Being moved解析：move與主語“ I ”是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，與 stood同時(shí)進(jìn)行，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式，選B。3. 用作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，可用-ing形式或不定式不定式多表示意料之外的結(jié)果，而合乎邏輯的結(jié)果，即意料之中的結(jié)果多用-ing形式。1) The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, in then atural light duri ng the day.A. to letB. lett ingC.

7、 letD. havi ng let解析：此處用-ing形式表示自然而然的結(jié)果，選Bo2) He hurried to the booking office onlythat all the tickets had been sold out.A. to tellB. to be toldC. telli ngD. told解析：不定式表示出人意料的結(jié)果，tell與主語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，選Bo注意句型:.never to do/ to be doneHe left his hometown 20 years ago,never to return .他20年前離開了，再也沒有回來。4. 有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)

8、，多用過去分詞但是，所涉及的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，則用不定式的被動(dòng)式；強(qiáng)調(diào)所涉及的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，則用-ing形式的被動(dòng)式。1) The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle.A. to be heardB. to have heardC. heari ngD. being heard解析：根據(jù)句意，此處指的是“被聽見”，故要用被動(dòng)式，排除B和C;另外，“設(shè)法被聽見”為目的狀語，動(dòng)作在當(dāng)時(shí)尚未發(fā)生，故用不定式，選Ao2) At the beginning of class, the noise of desksc

9、ould be heard outside the classroom.A. ope ned and closedB. to be ope ned and closedC. being ope ned and closedD. to ope n and close解析：of后應(yīng)接-ing形式，desks與open and close之間存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又因could beheard，所以選-ing形式的被動(dòng)式表示正在被進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。答案為C。5. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)作之前，要用完成式。根據(jù)句子要求選用不定式的完成式或-ing形式的完成式。1) from other continent

10、s for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animalsnot found in any other coun tries in the world.A. Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having bee n separatedD. to be separated解析：強(qiáng)調(diào)完成，與邏輯主語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用-ing形式的完成被動(dòng)式。選Co2) Li Ming is saidabroad. Do you know what country he studied in?Yes. In Lo

11、ndon.A. to have studiedB. to study C. to be study ingD. to have bee n study ing解析：句型"sb. +be said+ to do sth.”表明空白處要加不定式，因?yàn)閟tudied 在"is said之前發(fā)生，用不定式的完成式。選A。如果studied 改成"will study ”，選B; studied 改成"studies 可以用C。6. 非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，邏輯主語應(yīng)與主句主語保持一致。Faced with a bill for $10,000，.A. Joh n ha

12、s take n an extra jobB. the boss has give n Joh n an extra jobC. an extra job has bee n take nD. an extra job has bee n give n to Joh n解析：及物動(dòng)詞face表示（困難、死亡、毀滅等）面臨（某人），某人作主語一般用（be）faced with.，所以faced的邏輯主語，即句子的主語是人，排除C、D;是John面臨著要付的賬單，而不是老板，排除B。所以選A。7. 作定語時(shí)的原則：表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，用不定式；表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，用-ing ;表示完成、被動(dòng)，用過去分

13、詞。注意：動(dòng)詞-ing 形式的完成式（having done, having been done ）不用作定語；受 the first ， the seco nd . the last修飾的名詞或代詞后多要用不定式作定語。1）There will be more tha n three hun dred scie ntists atte nding the meet ingthe dayafter tomorrow.A. hold B. holdi ngC. heldD. to be held解析：因 the day after tomorrow 可知選 Do2）There are hun d

14、reds of visitorsin front of the Art Gallery to have a look atVan Gogh' s paintin gs.A. waitedB. to waitC. wait ingD. wait解析：waiting 強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行。選C。3）“Thingsnever come again!” I couldn' t help talking to myself.A. lostB. losi ngC. to lostD. have lost解析：過去分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成。選A。非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中所做成分比較to do和v-ing作主語相當(dāng)

15、于名詞或代詞，往往用 it作形式主語替代，將不定式或動(dòng)名詞放在句尾。It is possible to live an in depe ndent and fulfilli ng life.過獨(dú)立滿足的生活是可能的。1）動(dòng)詞-ing作主語，多表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念或一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，而不定式則表 示具體的某一次或?qū)淼膭?dòng)作。但是有時(shí)區(qū)別很小。Explori ng the Amaz on River deserves courage.探險(xiǎn)亞馬遜河需要勇氣。To explore the Amaz on River this summer has bee n good n ews to u

16、s.今年夏天探險(xiǎn)亞馬遜河對我們來說是條好消息。2） 動(dòng)名詞較少用形式主語，只在" It is no good/ no use/ fun doi ng sth.”等句型中用。It ' s fun talking to a foreign teacher.跟外教談話很有趣。3）句型"There be+ no + 主語”中，多用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。There is no telli ng what will happe n. = It is impossible to tell what will happe n. 無法知道會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。4） 表語是不定式，主語要用不定式；

17、表語是 -ing形式，主語也用-ing形式。to do ， v-ing 禾口 done 作表語注意：表示一般的概念，不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語可以互換。表示具體的個(gè)別動(dòng)作或有將來含義時(shí)，一般用不定式；過去分詞做表語往往表狀態(tài)。Spri ng is gone and summer iscome （過去分詞）春天去了，夏天到了。Her job is keep ing the lecture hall as clea n as possible.（動(dòng)名詞）她的工作是盡量使報(bào)告廳保持干凈。The problem is quitepuzzling .（現(xiàn)在分詞）這個(gè)問題很令人困惑。下面情況多用不定式

18、作表語：1）主語表示職業(yè)、職責(zé)或性質(zhì)等。I found a part-time job, which is to guide the patie nts.我找到一份兼職：引導(dǎo)病人。2）主語是表示目標(biāo)、計(jì)劃、打算、希望、決定、選擇等的名詞。The inten tio n of this book is to in troduce popular scie nee.這本書旨在介紹科普知識。3）主語和表語都是不定式，主語表示條件，表語表示目的或結(jié)果。To see is to believe.眼見為實(shí)。4）主語為what從句。What I would suggest is to put off the

19、 meeti ng.我的建議是推遲會(huì)議。5）在系動(dòng)詞 be, seem, appear, get, remain等后。He seems to be eati ng someth ing in the kitche n.他似乎在廚房吃東西。過去分詞作表語與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別：過去分詞作表語，主要是表示主語的狀態(tài)，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則表示動(dòng)作。Don' t touch the glass because it isbroke n.不要碰那個(gè)杯子，它是壞的。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示動(dòng)作）to

20、 do和v-ing作賓語常用v-ing 作賓語的動(dòng)詞：admit （承認(rèn)），appreciate（感激），avoid （避免），imagine （想象）等Fancy meeting you here!想不到在這兒見到你了！常用不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞 ：offer（提出），i nte nd, promise （答應(yīng)）refuse（拒絕），Io ng（想要），fail （不能），prete nd（假裝），man age（設(shè)法做到），afford（承擔(dān)得起）I decided to ask for my money back.我決定要回我的錢。begi n, continue, hate,既可用動(dòng)詞-i

21、ng形式作賓語，也可用不定式作賓語且區(qū)別不大的動(dòng)詞prefer 等。They prefer spe nding/ to spe nd their summer vacati on in Dalia n.他們更喜歡在大連度暑假。注意：應(yīng)盡量避免接連出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞-ing形式。如：避免說：I am start ing lear ning Russia n.應(yīng)改成：I am start ing to lear n Russia n.既可用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語，也可用不定式作賓語但區(qū)別很大的動(dòng)詞：can't help （to） r do.不能幫忙做某事doing.禁不住做某事The medic

22、ine can ' t help to get rid of your cold.這藥不能幫你治好感冒。The girl couldn' t help crying when she saw her mother again.當(dāng)小女孩再次看到母親時(shí)，她情不自禁地哭了起來。不定式可以作介詞but和except的賓語：It had no effect except to make him an gry.那除了會(huì)讓他生氣外沒有任何作用。英語中除了介詞 but/ except夕卜，介詞后一般接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語：admit to （承認(rèn)），be equal to （等于），see

23、to （注意，處理），stick to（堅(jiān)持）等，其中的 to都是介詞。She looks forward every spri ngto walki ng in the flower-li ned garde n.每年春天她盼望著在鋪滿鮮花的公園里散步。作形容詞busy worth的賓語：The music is well worth listening to more than once.這首曲子很值得多聽幾遍。We are busy prepari ng for the sports meet.我們正忙著為運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)做準(zhǔn)備。to do ， v-ing 和done作賓語補(bǔ)足語1）在動(dòng)詞 ask

24、, tell, cause, allow, permit, forbid, want, advise, force, get, encourage, warn等后接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Every teacher ought to en courage their stude nts to think for themselves.每一位老師都應(yīng)激勵(lì)學(xué)生獨(dú)立思考問題。2） 在感官動(dòng)詞 feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch 禾口使役動(dòng)詞 have, let, make 等詞后的賓語補(bǔ)足語中，不定式不帶to，但是這些句

25、子如果變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，就必須帶to。They saw the boy fall sudde nly from the tree.他們看見那個(gè)男孩突然從樹上掉下來。但是： The boy was seento fall suddenly from the tree.3） 特別提醒：hope, dema nd, agree, suggest, in sist等不能跟不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。x I agree you to leave early.V I allow you to leave early.我同意你提前離開。4） 動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示與賓語之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系或正在進(jìn)行，而過去分詞表示與賓

26、語之間的 被動(dòng)關(guān)系，或動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，而不定式一般強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過程。We heard her singing n ext door.我們聽到她正在隔壁唱歌。（主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行）We heard her ofte n sing n ext door.我們聽到她常在隔壁唱歌。（主動(dòng)、完成）We heard the song sung by her.我們聽這首歌被她唱過。（被動(dòng)、完成）We heard the song being sung next door.我們聽見隔壁有人在唱這首歌。（被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行）He had his money stole n.他的錢給偷了。（被別人偷去了）Jim of

27、te n has his father help him with his homework.吉姆經(jīng)常讓他的父親幫助做家庭作業(yè)。They had the tractor worki ng all the time.他們讓拖拉機(jī)一直工作著。We won' t have the child talking to his mother like that.我們不能讓那個(gè)孩子那樣對他的媽媽說話。to do ， v-ing 禾口 done 作定語I have a lot of work to do.我有許多工作要做。（work是to do的邏輯賓語）In the old days the poo

28、r had no cha nee to go to school.從前，窮人沒有機(jī)會(huì)上學(xué)。（to go to school 是"機(jī)會(huì)chanee”的內(nèi)容）The room was quite dark in side, so he made some can dles to give light.房間里很暗，所以他制作了一些照亮的蠟燭。（candles做了 to give light 的動(dòng)作，是不定式的邏輯主語）We need more qualified teachers.我們需要更多的合格的老師。The girl dressed in red is my daughter.穿紅色

29、衣服的女孩是我女兒。The experienee gained will be of great value to us.已經(jīng)得到的經(jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)對我們非常有價(jià)值。walking sticks 手杖/a booking office 售票廳（說明所修飾詞的用途，表示"供作 ”之用”， 這時(shí)v-ing形式與名詞沒有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，是動(dòng)名詞。）a sleeping baby正在睡覺的嬰兒/ a puzzling problem困擾人的問題（說明所修飾詞的性質(zhì)或動(dòng)作，表示“ ”的”，此時(shí) v-ing形式與名詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，是現(xiàn)在分詞。）1） 如果不定式所修飾的名詞是time, place

30、或way,不定式后面習(xí)慣上要省略介詞。He had no money and no place to live.他沒有錢也沒有地方住。（如果我們用room代替place，就應(yīng)該用no room to live in。因?yàn)榇颂幍牟欢ㄊ脚c前面的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，不及物動(dòng)詞live要加in才能加賓語，即to live in the room。但是在像place 一樣的特殊詞匯，習(xí)慣上省略介詞。）2）不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式既可用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，又可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，但含義不同。如果修飾名詞的不定式的動(dòng)作是主語做的，不定式用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。試比較：Have you anything to

31、send?你有什么東西要寄嗎？（不定式to send 的邏輯主語是you）Have you anything to be sent?你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？（不定式to be sent的邏輯主語不是句子的主語，而是沒有提到的me或some one else，這時(shí)不定式用被動(dòng)語態(tài)）3） 不定式作定語多表示將來，而動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示正在進(jìn)行或用途，過去分詞則表示已經(jīng)完成和被動(dòng)。a problem to be discussed tomorrow明天要討論的問題a problem being discussed now現(xiàn)在正討論的問題a problem discussed for tho

32、usa nds of years已討論多年的問題a wait ing room 候診室注意：1）選擇v-ing形式還是過去分詞作定語取決于動(dòng)詞與所修飾詞的主動(dòng)或者被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，即其邏輯 主語是其所修飾詞。a letter offeri ng me the job = a letter which offered me the job一圭寸給我這份工作的信a letter writte n by his boss = a letter which was writte n by his boss一圭寸老板寫來的信2）不定式作定語常表示將來，對比：thebndgeto be repaired 妾修的

33、橋v being repaired正在修理的橋l repaired last year 去年修的橋to do, v - ing 禾口 done 作狀語不定式作狀語，一般表示目的（前面可以加in order 或so as已示強(qiáng)調(diào)）、原因（多在表示情感的詞后）、結(jié)果（出乎意料的結(jié)果，前可加 only或too. to, enough to等結(jié)構(gòu)）。I come here only to say good-bye to you.（目的）我來只是向你告別。What have I said to make you an gry?（結(jié)果）我說了什么讓你這么生氣？I am pretty pleased to

34、hear the n ews that you are elected as the preside nt of the club.（原因）聽說你被選為俱樂部主席，我非常高興。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語，在句中表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨情況等。Havi ng made full preparati ons, we are ready for the exam in ati on.（時(shí)間）我們已經(jīng)作好了充分準(zhǔn)備，現(xiàn)在可以應(yīng)考了。Being ill, he didn' t go to school yesterday.（原因）由于生病，他昨天沒有上學(xué)。His father

35、 died, leavi ng him a lot of mon ey.（結(jié)果）他父親死了，留給他許多錢。Turning to the right, you will find a path leadi ng to his cottage.（條件）向右轉(zhuǎn)你會(huì)找到通往他的茅舍的小路。Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.（讓步）盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我賠償損失。He lay on the grass, stari ng at the sky for a long time.（伴隨）他躺在草地上，長時(shí)間地望著天空。過去分詞做狀語

36、Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.（時(shí)間）知道了他母親病了，李雷趕緊回了家。Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.（原因）老師對他做的很滿意，在班上表揚(yáng)了他。Given a few minutes, I' ll finish it.（條件）給我?guī)追昼?，我就?huì)完成它。t un dersta nd it.（讓步）Explained a hundred times, he still can給他解釋了上百次，他仍然不明白。（結(jié)果

37、）He fell off a tall tree, his leg broke n.他從一棵很高的樹上掉了下來，腿骨折了。注意：1） 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或出于表達(dá)需要，有時(shí)作狀語的非謂語形式前常加一個(gè)連詞：whe n, while, after,before, if, though, whether, unl ess, as if等，相當(dāng)于省略了主語和部分謂語的狀語從句。Though being ill （=Though he was ill）, he would not take a rest.雖然病了，但他仍不愿休息。2）表示主動(dòng)的過去分詞有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時(shí)不表被動(dòng)而表主動(dòng)。常見

38、的有：lost （迷路）；seated（坐）；hidden （躲）；stationed（駐扌L） ； lost / absorbed in （沉溺于）；born （出身于）；dressed't hear the sound.in （穿著）；tired of（厭煩）等。Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he did n因?yàn)槌聊缬谒伎贾?，所以他沒聽到那個(gè)聲音。Dressed in a jacket, he walked out of the house.他身穿一件夾克走出了那幢房子。3）動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：相當(dāng)于名詞的動(dòng)詞-ing形式，有時(shí)其邏輯主語不是句子

39、的主語，而有自己的邏輯主語，這時(shí)要用 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：物主代詞/名詞的所有格+ v-ing形式I would appreciateyour call ing back this after noon.你今天下午給我打電話我很感激。What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital. 最讓那個(gè)孩子擔(dān)心的是不讓他到醫(yī)院看他媽媽。We are looking forward to the doctor ' scoming to see her.我們都盼著醫(yī)生來給她

40、看病。注意：在口語中，v-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語時(shí)，可用名詞的普通格，或代詞的賓格；但在句首作主語，則不行。I can hardly imagine Peter/Peter ' s sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.我不能想象彼得五天內(nèi)橫渡大西洋。Would you mind my/ me using your telescope?用一下你的望遠(yuǎn)鏡介意嗎？Your going there will help a lot.你到那里對事情將大有幫助。單項(xiàng)選擇1. With Father ' s Day around t

41、he corner, I have taken some money out of the bankprese nts for my dad.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. to have bought2. It ' s important for the figuresregularly.A. to be updatedB. to have bee n updatedC. to updateD. to have updated3. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent therefor a space

42、 flight.A. trai ningB. being trainedC. to have trainedD. to be trainedFrank ' s dream was to have his own shopto produce the works of his own han ds.A. thatB. i n whichC. by whichD. how4. There is nothing more I can tryyou to say, so I wish you good luck.A. being persuadedB. persuad ingC. to be

43、persuadedD. to persuade6. There are five pairs, but IA. to be chooseB. to choose fromm at a loss which to buy.C. to chooseD. for choos ing7. Special attention should be paidour earth fromA. to preve nt; being pollutedC. to preve nti ng; being pollutedB. to preve nt; polluti ngD. to preve nting; poll

44、uted8. -My sister couldn ' t help jumping with joy at the news.-Why not? One can' t imagine what it feels likethe first prize.A. wi nningB. to winC. winD. havi ng won9. As they are retired, Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a house in the country totheir lateyears there.A. spe ndB. spe ndingC. spe n

45、tD. spe nds10. My teacher was madehis teach ing because of poor health.A. givi ng upB. to give upC. give upD. give n up11. The purpose of new tech no logies is to make life easier,it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. don ' t make12. I would loveto the party last ni ght but

46、I had to work extra hours to finisha report.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. hav ing gone13. - Can you ride a horse?-No, I n ever had the cha nee.A. for lear ning itB. for lear ning howC. how to lear n itD. to lear n how14. We all thi nk it most foolishthis mistake.A. for you maki ngB. of you to ma

47、keC. you to makeD. for you to make15. So far n obody has claimed the moneyin the library.A. discoveredB. to be discoveredC. discoveri ngD. havi ng discovered16. In April, thousa nds of holiday-makers remainedabroad due to the volca nicash cloud.A. stick ingB. stuckC. to be stuckD. to have stuck17. W

48、ith the government' s aid, thoseby the earthquake have moved to the newsettleme nts.A. affectB. affecti ngC. affectedD. were affected18. The manager , his workers further trainingA. knowing B. knownhis factory ' s products were poor in quality,decided to giveC. to knowD. being known19. As we

49、 joined the big crowd I gotA. separatedB. sparedfrom my frien ds.C. lostD. missed20. The old man,A. to workabroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherla nd.B. worki ng C. to have workedD. havi ng worked21. The pilot asked all the passe ngers on board to rema in a landing.A.seatas the p

50、la ne was mak ingB. seati ngC. seatedD. to be seat ing22. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expe nses A. pay ingB. paidvacati on to China.C. to be paidD. being paid23. The repairs cost a lot, but itA. to spendB . spent's money well C . being spentD . spending24. The man ager, room

51、.it clear to us that he did n't agree with us, left the meetingA. who has madeB. having madeC. madeD. making25. The Town Hallin the 1800' s was theA. to be completedB. having been completedmost disti nguishedC. completedbuilding at that time.D. being completed26. The flowers of n ature.sweet

52、 in the bota nic garde n attract the visitors to the beautyA. to smellB. smelli ngC. smeltD. to be smelt27. Every one wasA. surprised; surpriseC. surprised; surpris ingby hisprogress which he made duri ng the two mon ths.B. surprised; surprisedD. surpris ing; surpris ing28. When he tur ned around, h

53、e found a pair of eyesA. look ingB. watch atC. fixing onhim.D. stari ng at29. Steven has devoted all his life tofilms, and Kate, hiswife, is alsoto the duty of her professi on.A. make; devotedB. mak ing; devot ingC. mak ing; devotedD. make; devot ing30. The film, _ all over the country.A. is based o

54、ntrue story of this Red Army gen eral, attracted peopleB. is on the base ofC. which is the base of31. Wewere toldA. datedthat the stone figure B. dat ingC. comingback to the 16th centuryD. kept's interestD. based uponwas of great value.32. I suggested the cheatinto pris on.A. referred to being p

55、utB. referred be putC. referred should be putD. referred to be put33. Heari ng the good n ews, I felt a heavy loadmy mind.A. tak ing offB. to be take n offC. havi ng take n offD. take n off34. After the Arab states won in depe ndence, great emphasis was laid on educatio n, withgirls as well as boysA. to be encouragedto go to school.D. be encouragedB. encouragingC. encouraged35. The speech which he madethe project bothered me greatly.A. being concernedB. be concernedC. concernedD. concerning36. Every one of us has many resp on sibilitiesus, so we