學(xué)生成績管理系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)課程設(shè)計

1、?算法與數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)課程設(shè)計?綜合實驗課程設(shè)計名稱:專業(yè):學(xué)生成績治理系統(tǒng)問題的描述和分析L1問題的描述隨著社會的開展和經(jīng)濟時代的到來,治理信息系統(tǒng)在各行各業(yè)都越來越重要,特別是教育事業(yè).在經(jīng)濟興旺的國家,許多教育機構(gòu)如公辦、私立、培訓(xùn)機構(gòu)等,都投入了大量的資金開發(fā)MIS系統(tǒng),以求在將來劇烈的競爭中立于不敗之地.在我國,民辦教育是新興的一個行業(yè),是隨著改革開放和市場經(jīng)濟的開展根據(jù)中國特有的國情開展起來的,特別是中國民辦教育促進法的出臺,從一定的程度上標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和促進了中國民辦教育的開展,這是一個很有開展前途的新興產(chǎn)業(yè),但是同興旺國家相比,我國的民辦教育行業(yè)的信息技術(shù)的應(yīng)用程度還很低,只有在大城市中開展較

2、早、規(guī)模較大的民辦院校中才使用計算機進行大規(guī)模操作,從各方面提升工作效率,取得良好的社會和經(jīng)濟效益,而一些新興的、規(guī)模較小的民辦機構(gòu)還沒有全部具備這種功能.因此可見,隨著我國民辦教育的迅速開展,信息技術(shù)在其上的應(yīng)用會更加地廣泛和深入.L2現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)存在問題的分析有的學(xué)校根本就沒有系統(tǒng),還是手工操作計算機日新月異的開展,但是有的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)只見眼前利益,不關(guān)心,甚至不敢嘗試新興的事物.手工操作還十分落后,效率極低,本錢很大,以后的社會是信息的社會,信息只有快,準(zhǔn),精才能發(fā)揮其價值.所以機器代替人力是必然的歷史開展趨勢,只有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的重視和支持才能從人工操作改為計算機的自動化系統(tǒng).人工操作必將被計算機代替.有些

3、學(xué)校雖使用了計算機,甚至治理系統(tǒng),但是仍然存在很多問題,問題一日不解決,效率就一日提不上去.還有,有的系統(tǒng)很不完善到處是漏洞,可以說是千瘡百孔,這樣極不完善的系統(tǒng)能有保證嗎？所以制作一個完善的學(xué)生治理系統(tǒng)是必不可少的.二、數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計structperson(charname20;longnum;floatmath;floatEnglish;floatchinese;floataverage;floatsum;student;三、模塊:開始學(xué)生成績治理系統(tǒng)模塊四、算法的設(shè)計1.在此成績治理系統(tǒng)中,要求用戶輸入的只是有字符型和數(shù)值型數(shù)據(jù),所以我設(shè)計了下而函數(shù)gets(numstr);stude

4、nt.English=atof(numstr);printf(nyourchinese：z,);gets(numstr);student.chinese=atof(numstr);student.sum=student.chinese+student.math+student.English;studentaverage=student.sum/3;fwrite(ftstudent,sizeof(structperson),1,fp);N+;printf(Doyoucontinueaddingotherstudents(Y/N)?n)；ch=getchar();getchar();while(

5、ch二二'y'"ch二二'Y');)printf(*Showall(Y/N)?n");ch2=getchar();getchar();if(ch2=,y,ich2=,Y,)Listall();fclose(fp);return_confirm();clrscr();)字段的選擇,即按學(xué)號或按姓名進行查詢來處理并對輸出的數(shù)據(jù)進行檢驗.intN=0;Enter()(FILE*fp;charch;charch2;charnumstr20;structpersonstudent2;clrscr();fp=fopen(jie.txt",&qu

6、ot;ab");if(fp=NULL)(printf(can'topenthisfile.n);printfC'waitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getchO;exit(0);else(doprintfC'yourname:)；gets();printf(nyournum:)；gets(numstr);student.num=atol(numstr);printf(nyourmath:");gets(numstr);student.math=atof(numst

7、r);printf(nyourEnglish：");2 .查詢學(xué)生記錄當(dāng)用戶執(zhí)行此查詢?nèi)蝿?wù)時,系統(tǒng)會提示用戶進行查假設(shè)此學(xué)生記錄存在,那么會打印輸出此學(xué)生記錄的信息.Searcho(charchoice;charchi;charch2;charch3;charch4;charname20;longnum;charnumstr20;clrscr();printf("*>kWAYSOFSEARCHING*®");printf(nn)水水n)；prin2.num求水n)；printf(n)；printf(/zgiveyourchoic

8、e：n)；choice=getchar();getchar();while(choice'2'choice<,T)(printf("Sorry,yourchoiceiswrong.npleasegiveacorrectone:n)；choice=getchar();getchar();)3 .根據(jù)姓名或?qū)W號進行查找switch(choice)(caseT':doLoopl:printf(inputthenameofstudentsyouwanttosearch:nz,);gets(name);Searchi(name);printf(GOONSEARCH

9、INGBYNAEM(Y/N)?n)；ch2=getchar();getchar();while(ch2=,yIch2=,;printf("Searchbyotherways(Y/N)?n");ch3=getchar();getchar();if(ch3='y'I|ch3='Y')gotoLoop2;break;case'2':doLoop2:printf("inputthenumofstudentsyouwanttosearch:n,z);gets(numstr);num=atol(numstr);Search?(n

10、um);printfCGOONSEARCHINGBYNUM(Y/N)?W);chl=getchar();getchar();while(ch1>y；ch仁二'Y');Search2(1ongnum)(FILE*fp;charch;intflag=0;intt;clrscr();fp二fopen(,zjie.txt,rb)；if(fp二二NULL)(printfCean'topenthisfile.n");printf("waitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exit(

11、O);else(flag=O;t=0;while(fread(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)if(num=student.num)(printf(namettnumtchinese'tEnglish'tmathsumtaveragen/z);printf(z/%-10s%-61d%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8. 2fn,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.avera

12、ge);t=l;break;)if(t0)printf("Sorry,thestudentyouaresearchingnotexisted.n)；rewind(fp);fclose(fp);)Searchi(char*name)(FILE*fp;charch;intflag=0;intt;clrscr();fp=fopen(jie.txt",rb");if(fp=NULL)(printf(cantopenthisfile.n);printf(waitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exi

13、t(0);)else(flag=0;t=0;while(fread(ftstudent,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)if(strcmp(name,)=0)(printf(z/namettnumtchinesetEnglish,tmathsumtaveragen/z);printf(,%-10s%-61d%-8.2f%-8.2n-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2fn,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.ave

14、rage);t=l;break;if(t=0)printf("Sorry.thestudentyouaresearchingnotexisted.n");rewind(fp);fclose(fp);)Delete()(FILE*fp;structpersonstudentl30,student230;inti;intk;intj;intflag;charchi;charname20;charch;charch2;clrscr();fp=fopen(txt,rb+);if(fp二二NULL)printf(zzcan'topenthisfile.n");pri

15、ntf(/zwaitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exit(O);else(doi=0;j=0；flag=0;printf(z,inputthenameofstudentsyouaregoingtodelete.rT);seanf(s,name);while(fread(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)=1)(if(stremp(name,)!=0)(student2j=student;j+;)else(flag=l;printfCnametttn

16、umtchinesettEnglishttmathtsumtaveragen");printf("%-10s%-61d%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average);printf("Delete(Y/N)?n);chl=getchar();getchar();toupper(ch);if(ch='N')gotoLoop;)printf(j=%dn,

17、j);k二j;i=0；fclose(fp);if(flag=0)printf("Sorry,thestudentyouaresearchingnotexisted.nz/);if(flag=l)printf(Congratulation!yousucceed!n");fp=fopen(jie.txt,"wb+);if(fp-NULL)(printfCean'topenthisfile.n);printf(/zwaitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exit(0);else(i二0；

18、dofwrite(ftstudent2Li,sizeof(structperson),1,fp);i+；while(i<k);Loop:getchar();printf("Goon(Y/N)?n");ch=getchar();getchar();while(ch二二'ych=,Y');printf("Showall(Y/N)?n");ch2=getchar();getchar();if(ch2二二'yich2='Y')(rewind(fp);printf(,znametttnumtchinesettEngli

19、shttmathtsumtaveragenz/);while(fread(ftstudent,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)(printf(,%-10s%-61d%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn,z,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,studedeleted:nz,);nt.sum,student.average);)fclose(fp);return_confirm();)4.修改學(xué)生記錄在修改學(xué)生記錄操作中,系統(tǒng)會先按輸入的學(xué)號或姓名查找該記錄

20、,然后提示用戶修改學(xué)號或姓名之外的值,但學(xué)號或姓名不能修改.Revise()(FILE*fp;charch;charchi;longoffset=sizeof(structperson);intflag=0;charnumstr20;charname20;clrscr();fp=fopen(txt,rb+);if(fp=NULL)(printf(can'topenthisfile.n);printf(/zwaitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n");getch();exit(0);else(again:printf(na

21、meofrivesingstudent:n");gets(name);doflag=0;fread(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp);if(strcmp(name,)=0)(flag=l;printf(thefollowingisinformationofstudentbeingprintf(namettnumtmathtchinesetEng1ishtsumtaveragen/z);printfC%-10s%-61d%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn,,student.n

22、um,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average);do(printf(/z*informationsforrevising*n)；printf("=n)；printf(z,#1.name2.num#n");printf('#3.math4. English#n");printf("#5. chinese6.total#n);printf(=n)；printf(z/giveachoice:nz/);ch=getchar();getchar();w

23、hile(ch'6'chT')printf(/zSorry.youputiswrong.npleaseinputanotherchoice:nz/);ch=getchar();getchar();)switch(ch)(caseT':ass_revise("name");gets();break;case2':ass_reviseCnunT);gets(numstr);student.num=atol(numstr);break;case3:ass_revise(math");gets(numstr)

24、;student.math=atof(numstr);break;case4':ass_revise("English");gets(numstr);student.English=atof(numstr);break;case5':ass_revise(chinese");gets(numstr);student.chinese=atof(numstr);break;case6':ass_revise(total)；gets();ass_reviseCnum");gets(numstr);student.

25、num=atol(numstr);ass_revise("math");gets(numstr);student.math=atof(numstr);ass_revise("English");gets(numstr);student.English=atof(numstr);ass_revise(zzchinese)；gets(numstr);student.chinese=atof(numstr);student.sum=student.chinese+student.math+student.English;student.average=stud

26、ent.sum/3;printf(''Continuerevisingthesamestudent(Y/N)?n)；chl=getchar();getchar();while(ch二二'y'ch=,F);fseek(fp,-offset,1);fwrite(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp);printf(thefollowingisinformationofstudenthadbeenrevised:n/z);printfCnamettnumtmathtchinesetEnglishtsumtaveragenz,);

27、printf(,%-10s%-61d%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fnz,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average);printf(Congratulation!yousucceed!nz/);break;while(fread(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp);rewind(fp);if(flag=0)printf("Sorry,thestudentofrevingn

28、otexisted.n)；printf(G0ONRevising(Y/N)?n)；chl=getchar();getchar();if(chy,i|chi*Y*)gotoagain;fclose(fp);return_confirm();clrscr();)5.對學(xué)生記錄進行排序Order()FILE*fp;charch;charch2;intk;floata30,b30,c30,d30;structpersonstudentl30;inti;charchi;fp=fopen(jie.txt,rb)；if(fp二二NULL)(printf(cantopenthisfile.n);printf(

29、/zwaitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exit(0);)rewind(fp);i=0;while(fread(&studentli,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)i+；k=i;do(for(i=0;i<k;i+)(ai=studentli.math;bi=studentli.English;ci=studentli.chinese;di=studentli.average;)printf(,z*WAYSOFORDER*n)；iswrong.npleasegiveanotherc

30、hoice:n,?);ch二getchar();getchar();)switch(ch)(case'r:0rderl(a);break;case'2":Order1(b);break;case3:0rderl(c);break;case'4f:Order1(d);break;printf("=n)；printf(,z*l.math2.English*n,z);printf(,z*3.chinese4.average*、n)；printf(=n)；printf("pleasegiveachoice:n)；ch=getchar();getch

31、ar();while(ch<,ch>'4')(printf("Sorry,thedateyouinputwith)printf(Congratulation!yousucceed!n)；printf(''Goonordering(Y/N)?nv;chl=getchar();getchar();while(ch二'y,):ch='Y');printf("Showall(Y/N)?n);ch2=getchar();getchar();if(ch2=,yIch2=,Y*)rewind(fp);printf(,zn

32、ametttnumtchinesettEnglishttmathtsumtaveragenz,);while(fread(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)(printf(,%-10s%-61d%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average);)fclose(fp);returneeonfirm();)Orderl(float*p)(FILE*fp;i

33、nti=0;intk;intj;structpersonstudent2;structpersonstudentl30;clrscr();fp=fopen(jie.txt",r+)；if(fp=NULL)(printf(cantopenthisfile.n)；printf(z/waitforasecondpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getchO;exit(0);else(while(fread(&student1i,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)i+；k=i;i=0;while(i<k)(for(j=i+l;j&

34、lt;k;j+)if(pi<pj)student2=studentli;studentli=studentlj;studentlj=student2;i+；rewind(fp);for(i=0;i<k;i+)fwrite(ftstudentli,sizeof(structperson),1,fp);fclose(fp);)6.顯示學(xué)生記錄由于記錄顯示操作經(jīng)常進行,所以我將這分由獨立的函數(shù)來實現(xiàn),減少代碼的重復(fù).Listall()(FILE*fp;charch;structpersonstudentl30;inti;intk;fp=fopen(,zjie.txt,r);if(fp二二

35、NULL)(printf(cantopenthisfile.n)；)fclose(fp);returneeonfirm();printf(waitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exit(O);else(dorewind(fp);printfCnametttnum,tchinesettEnglishttmathtsumtaveragenz,);while(fread(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)(四、具體程序的實現(xiàn)nclude,zstdio.h#include/zstr

36、ing.h#includestdlib.h#include/zctype.structperson(charname20;longnum;floatmath;floatEnglish;floatchinese;floataverage;floatsum;student;intN=0;Enter()(FILE*fp;charch;charch2;printf(,%-10s%-61d%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,

37、student.average);printffGO0N(Y/N)?n");ch=getchar();getchar();while(ch二二,y,:ch=,Y');charnumstr20;structpersonstudent2;clrscr();fp=fopetxt",ab");if(fp二二NULL)(printfCean'topenthisfile.n");printf(,zwaitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exit(0);elsedo(print

38、f(zzyourname:)；gets();printfCnyournum:)；gets(numstr);student.num=atol(numstr);printf(zznyourmath:");gets(numstr);student.math=atof(numstr);printf(nyourEnglish：)；gets(numstr);student.English=atof(numstr);printfCnyourchinese:)；gets(numstr);student.chinese=atof(numstr);student.sum=stud

39、ent.chinese+student.math+student.English;studentaverage=student.sum/3;fwrite(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp);N+；printf(Doyoucontinueaddingotherstudents(Y/N)?n)；ch=getchar();getchar();while(ch='y'Ijch-Y');printf(,?Showall(Y/N)?n");ch2=getchar();getchar();if(ch2='y'I；c

40、h2='Y')Listall();fclose(fp);return_confirm();clrscr();Search()charchoice;charchi;charch2;charch3;charch4;charname20;longnum;charnumstr20;clrscr();printf("*WAYSOFSEARCHING*'n)；printf("n)；*n)；prin2.num*n)；printf("n);printf(z/giveyourchoice/n)；choice=getchar();getch

41、ar();while(choice'2'I；choice,T)(printf(zzSorry.yourchoiceiswrong.npleasegiveacorrectone:n);choice=getchar();getchar();switch(choice)(caseT':doLoopl:printf(inputthenameofstudentsyouwanttosearch:n,z);gets(name);Searchi(name);printfCGOONSEARCHINGBYNAEM(Y/N)?n");ch2=getchar();getchar();

42、while(ch2='y'I|ch2='Y');printf("Searchbyotherways(Y/N)?n)；ch3=getchar();getchar();if(ch3='y'ch3='Y')gotoLoop2;break;case'2:do(Loop2:printfCinputthenumofstudentsyouwanttosearch:n)；gets(numstr);num=atol(numstr);Search2(num);printfCGOONSEARCHINGBYNUM(Y/N)?n"

43、;);chl=getchar();getchar();while(ch八二'y'Iichi二二'Y');Search2(1ongnum)FILE*fp;charch;intflag=0;intt;clrscr();fp=fopen(z/jie.txt","rb);if(fp二二NULL)(printf(can'topenthisfile.n,z);printf(z/waitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exit(O);else(flag=0;t=0;whil

44、e(fread(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)if(num=student.num)printfCnamettnumtchinesetEnglishtmathsumtaveragenzz);printf(zz%-10s%-61d%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average);t=l;break;if(t=0)printf(/zSorry

45、.thestudentyouaresearchingnotexisted.nz,);rewind(fp);fclose(fp);Searchi(char*name)(FILE*fp;charch;intflag=0;intt;clrscr();fp=fopetxt","rb);if(fp=NULL)printf(cantopenthisfile.nz,);printf(/zwaitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exit(O);)elseflag=O;廿0;while(fread(ftstudent

46、,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)if(strcmp(name,)=0)(printf(namettnumtchinese'tEnglishtmathsumtaveragen'z);printf(zz%-10s%-61d%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2fn/z,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average);t=l;break;if(t0)printf(&quo

47、t;'Sorry,thestudentyouaresearchingnotexisted.nz,);rewind(fp);fclose(fp);Delete()(FILE*fp;structpersonstudentl30Z,student230;inti;intk;intj;intflag;charchi;charname20;charch;charch2;clrscr();fp=fopen(z/jie.txt","rb+);if(fp=NULL)(printf(can'topenthisfile.n)；printf(z/waitforasecondwit

48、hpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exit(0);elsedo(i二0；j=0;flag=0;printf(inputthenameofstudentsyouaregoingtodelete.'n)；seanf('%s,name);while(fread(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)=l)(if(stremp(name,)!=0)(student2j=student;j+;else(flag二1；printfCname't't'tnu

49、mtchinesettEnglishttmathtsumtaveragen/);printf(,%-10s%-61d%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn,z,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average);printf(Delete(Y/N)?n");chl=getchar();getchar();toupper(ch);if(ch二二'N')gotoLoop;printf(產(chǎn)%dn,j);k二j；i二0

50、；fclose(fp);if(flag=0)printf("Sorry,thestudentyouaresearchingnotexisted.nz,);if(flag=l)printf("Congratulation!yousucceed!n");fp=fopen(jie.txt,“wb+);if(fp二二NULL)(printfCean'topenthisfile.n");printf(z,waitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n)；getchO;exit(0);else(i二0；do(

51、fWrite(&student2i,sizeof(structperson),1,fp);i+;while(i<k);)Loop:getchar();printf(Goon(Y/N)?n);ch=getchar();getchar();while(ch-*y*ch二二'Y');printf("Showall(Y/N)?n");ch2=getchar();getchar();if(ch2='y'ch2='Y')rewind(fp);printfCnametttnumtchinesettEnglishttmathts

52、umtaveragenz/);while(fread(&student,sizeof(structperson),1,fp)(printf(zz%-10s%-61d%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn'z,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average);fclose(fp);return_confirm();Revise()(FILE*fp;charch;charchi;longoffset=sizeof(stru

53、ctperson);intflag=0;charnumstr20;charname20;clrscr();fp=fopen(z/jie.txt,rb+);if(fp=NULL)printf(can'topenthisfile.n)；printf(,zwaitforasecondwithpatienee.nthesystemisexiting.n);getch();exit(0);)else(again:printfCnameofrivesingstudent:n)；gets(name);do(flag=0;fread(ftstudent,sizeof(structperson),1,f

54、p);if(strcmp(name,)=0)flag；printf(z/thefollowingisinformationofstudentbeingdeleted:nz,);printfCnamettnumtmathtchinesetEnglishtsumtaveragen,z);printf(z,%-10s%-61d%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn/z,,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average);do(printf(,z*informationsforrevising*n)；printf("='n)；printf(#1.name2.num#n);printf("#3.math4.English#n&