分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語

1、分詞分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。1現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞都可以作賓語補(bǔ)足語。在5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）；3使（make, let, have）；2聽（listen to, hear）；1感覺（fell）。，此外find, catch, keep, have.I heard a girl crying next door.I heard someone knocking at the door.He kept me waiting for a long time.I saw Tom entering the room.I found my key los

2、t.I found the boy beaten black and blue.He made himself understood.John will get his room painted.Exercises1:1) I heard my name _ ( call).2) His voice was too low to make himself _(hear) .3) We found the eggs_( eat) by the snake.4) Youd better have/get your hair _ ( cut).5) I had my left arm_(break)

3、 yesterday.ExercisesII:141. She was glad to see her child well _.A. take care of B. taken care of C. taken careD. taking care of142. Why do you stand and watch the milk _. A. boilingB. boiledC. from boilingD. having been boiled143. Ive heard him _ about you often. A. spoke B. speakingC. speakD. to s

4、peak144. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word _.A. speakingB. spokenC. speakD. being spoken145. Walking along the river, we heard someone _ for help.A. shoutingB. shoutC. shoutedD. having shouted146. I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart _.A. jumpingB. be

5、atingC. bumpingD. knocking147. -“Do you smell anything unusual?” -“Yes. I can smell something _.”A. burningB. is burningC. having burntD. burn148. Why do you have the water _ all the time?A. ranB. to be runningC. runningD. being running149. Ellen was absent this morning because she had her tooth _.A

6、. fillingB. having been filled C. filledD. full150. I cant _ you running up and down all day long. A. permit B. letC. haveD. allow151. Is there anything you want from town? Im going to get _.A. those letters mailedB. mailed letters C. to mailed those letters D. those letters mail152. The teacher got

7、 the students _ all the words they didnt know.A. looked upB. looking inC. to look upD. look at153. What did the school master want _ to the noisy children?A. doingB. to doC. doneD. did154. They wanted the work _with great care. A. to have done B. to be doneC. doingD. to do155. I need this chapter _

8、before tomorrow. A. rewriting B. rewrittenC. rewrite D. to write again156. Having read the Emperors New Clothes, we all found it _.A. interestB. interestedC. interestingD. to interest157. When she returned home, she found the window open and something _.A. to stealB. losingC. missedD. stolen158. My

9、hometown is found _.A. complete changing B. having completely changed C. completely change D.completely changed159. We found many people _ in the meeting room.A. seatB. seatingC. to seatD. seated160. There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself _.A. being heardB. heardC. hearingD.

10、 hear161. Because of my poor English Im afraid I cant make myself _.A. understandB. be understoodC. understoodD. understanding162. Dont let him _ you _ for a long time.A. to make, waitB. make, to waitC. make, waitD. to make, to wait163. He kept me _ for many hours. A. to waitB. having been waited C.

11、 waitingD. waited164. Mother caught the boy _in the corner. A. smokeB. to smokeC. smokingD. being smoked165. John left his coat _ on the sofa. A. laying B. lyingC. laidD. lain答案：141-145 BACBA 146-150 BACCC151-155 ACCBB 156-160 CDDDB161-165 CCCCB分詞做狀語主動 被動1) 一般式 writing being written 2) 完成式 having wr

12、itten having been written1. Feeling tired, Tom went to bed early.2. Not wanting to wake her, Steve left the house silently3. Having finished his homework, he went out.4. Asked by my mother, I was eager to help her solve the snake problem.5. Having been told many times, she still cant remember it.6.

13、Given more time, I can do it better現(xiàn)在分詞或分詞短語做狀語時,也可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、 條件、讓步、方式、伴隨狀況等.其邏輯主語必須和句子的主語一致,有時withwithout +名詞或代詞賓格+分詞也可以表示伴隨狀況如:While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. (時間)The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students. (方式)He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information

14、.(伴隨)分詞作時間狀語，如果先與主動詞的動作，且強(qiáng)調(diào)先后， 要用having done。如:Having answered the letter, she went on to listen to the radio.Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking .注意:如果是否定句,not 一般放在句首,如:Not having received his reply, he decided to write again.分詞做狀語時有時可在其前面加上while、when 、if 、even if 、althou

15、gh 、once、 unless等連詞,使用何種分詞仍然取決于與主語的關(guān)系,主動關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞,被動關(guān)系用過去分詞.如:While staying in Beijing , I visited some of my friends .Unless invited, I will not attend his party.Although working very hard, he couldnt satisfy his boss. 分詞短語作狀語時，通常與主句中的主語在邏輯上一致，一般來說,句子的主語應(yīng)是分詞的邏輯主語,不然,就會出現(xiàn)不一致的情況但有時它也可以有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯上的主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)

16、稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如誤: Hearing the news, tears came to her eyes. 正: Hearing the news, she burst into tears. 正: When she heard the news, tears came to her eyesHer grandfather being ill, she had to stay at home looking after him.例如：_ her mother had come, her face lit up.A. Hearing B. Having heard C. When hearin

17、g D. When she heard 答案當(dāng)句子主語不能充當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語時，應(yīng)用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或狀語從句 不過,英語中也有一些分詞,其邏輯主語不是句子的主語,它們已變成固定詞組,表示說話人對所說的話的一種態(tài)度。如:Strictly speaking, his answer is wrong.Judging from / by his accent, he is from America.Time permitting , I will pay a visit to my English teacher. Supposing (=Suppose) it rains tomorrow, what

18、 shall we do?Considering the absence of the chairman, we decided to delay the meeting.Talking of Jim, have you heard that hes getting married?Exercises1. If you turn to the left, you will find the hotel._, you fill find the hotel. 2. Because the report was written in a hurry, it has a lot of mistake

19、s._, the report has a lot of mistakes. 3. After she had washed the dishes, she put them in the dish dryer._, she put them in the dish dryer. 4. As he didnt know where to go, he stayed home. _, he stayed home. 5. I was frightened by the loud noise. I went to see what was happening. _, I went to see w

20、hat was happening.Fill in the blanksEg. Followed by the teacher ,the students entered the classroom. Following the teacher ,the students entered the classroom.1._ (see) from the mountain ,I can see my hometown.2._ (see) from the mountain ,my hometown looks very beautiful.3._ (look) at the questions

21、in the test paper, I found them totally strange to me.4._(know) her address, I am not able to contact her.5._ (see) the film twice, I didnt want to go to the cinema.6._ (follow) by her students, the English teacher came into the classroom.7._(tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistake.1.過去

22、分詞作原因狀語 Greatly inspired by the teachers words,I have made up my mind to work to English even harder。 在老師的鼓勵下，我決心更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)英語。 Greatly moved by the film, they all cried. 他們看了那部電影深受感動，都哭了。 Surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy. 身邊圍著一群年輕人，老人感到很高興。2.過去分詞作狀語，表示伴隨情況或方式。 The trainer a

23、ppeared, followed by six little dogs. 訓(xùn)練員出現(xiàn)了，后面跟著六條小狗。 He walked up and down the room, lost in thought. 他在屋子時走來走去，陷入了沉思。 Filled with extraordinary strength, he raised himself. 他使出全身的力氣站了起來。 3.過去分詞做條件狀語Given much time, we could do it better. 多給點(diǎn)時間的話，我們會做得更好。4.過去分詞做時間狀語When heated, ice can be changed

24、into water. 冰加熱時變成水。 過去分詞表示在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生的動作,本身有被動的含義,所以只有一般式,沒有完成式.值得注意的是，有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時不表被動而表主動。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有： lost （迷路）； seated （坐）； hidden （躲）； stationed （駐扎）； lost / absorbed in （沉溺于）； born （出身于）； dressed in （穿著）； tired of （厭煩）。 Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. 因為沉溺于思考

25、之中，所以他沒聽到那個聲音。 Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it. 出生于這個美麗的小鎮(zhèn)，他不愿離開它分詞做定語1 ) The house built last year is very large.2) The Olympic Games, first played (比賽)in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. (NMET 1997)3) The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreig

26、n language came out in the 16th century. (NMET 99)4) The key to solving the problem is too meet the demand made by the customers. Exercises:1) I heard my name _ ( call).2) His voice was too low to make himself _(hear) .3) We found the eggs_( eat) by the snake.4) Youd better have/get your hair _ ( cu

27、t).5) I had my left arm_(break) yesterday.(79)1. Im going to have my radio _.A. fixed B. to fix C. fix D. fixing(80)2. If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air_against your face. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move(83)3. Whats the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spo

28、ken C. be spoken D. to speak(84)4. _ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed by(85)5. This sentence needs_ A. an improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved(85)6. Theres a hole in your bag. l know. I am going to have it_.A

29、. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended(86)7. He had his leg_ in the match yesterday.A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking(87)8. Most of the people_ to the party were famous scientists.A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting(89)41. Good morning. Can I help you? Id like to have

30、this package_, madam.A. be weighed B. to be weighedC. to weigh D. weighed(90)9. Most of the artists_ to the party were from South Africa.A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited(90)44. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having giv

31、en(91)10. The murderer was brought in, with his hands_ behind his back.A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied(93)11. The computer centre, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened(94)12. The first textbooks_ for teaching

32、 English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written(96)13. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose(97)14. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., did not include women playe

33、rs until 1912.A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing98)15. Cleaning women in big cities usually get_ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay(2001)16. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suf

34、fering C. To suffer D. Suffered2002上海)17. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases_ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known(2002上海)18. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D

35、. After being exposed(2002春招)19. Prices of daily goods_ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying(2002上海春招)20. When_, the museum will he open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed(2002廣東)21.

36、 The research is so designed that once_ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun(2003全國)22. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given(2003上海)23. Generally speaking, _ according to directions, the drug has no

37、side-effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken(2003上海)24. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_ road conditions need_. A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improving2003上海春招)25. Unless_ to speak, you

38、 should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited(2003上海春招)26. Friendship is like money: easier made than _. A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D. being kept27. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （04上

39、海） A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt28. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (04上海） A. recorded B. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded29. When first_ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. （04全國II） A introducingB introdu

40、cedC introduceD being introduced30. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when_ at the meeting by my boss. （04全國IV） A questioningB have questionedC questionedD to be questioned31. Im going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything _ ? （04上海春季） A. to be buying B. to buy C. for buying

41、 D. bought32. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _as the plane was making a landing.（04上海春季） A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating33. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China. (05北京卷) A. payingB. paidC. to be paidD. being paid動名詞動名詞有兩種時

42、態(tài)和語態(tài)1.一般式(doing)：表示動名詞中的動作與謂語動作同時或之后發(fā)生，或者沒明確時間先后。典例：This public advert encourages people to participate in protecting animals. (主動)這個公益廣告鼓勵人們參與保護(hù)動物。 We have to prevent the air from being polluted. (被動)我們必須阻止空氣被污染。2.完成式(having done)：表示動名詞動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前。典例：I remember having read “Gone with the Wind” befo

43、re. (主動)我記得以前讀過亂世佳人這本書。I remember having been taken to Beijing before. (被動)我記得以前我被帶到北京(去玩)過。(二)動名詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)，not doing，not前還可再加形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格。典例：He will be punished for not obeying the order.他將由于不服從命令而受罰。His not coming to school today made his teacher very angry.今天他沒來上學(xué)，這使得老師非常生氣。(三)動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：在動名詞前加上形容詞性物

44、主代詞或名詞所有格，這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語時，可用代詞賓格代替形容詞性物主代詞，名詞所有格可變成普通格(即省去s) Can you imagine man living on the moon? 你能想象到人類在月球生活的情景嗎？(四)動名詞的功能1.作主語動名詞作主語，謂語單數(shù)記心里。動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)雜且長，常用it來擔(dān)當(dāng)。典例：Using celebrities in advert can make new products sold well. 在廣告中使用名人可以使新產(chǎn)品銷售良好。Improving the peoples living standards is the governments ce

45、ntral duty. 提高人民生活是政府的中心任務(wù)。Its no use crying over spilt milk. 后悔沒有用的。特別注意：no use, no good作補(bǔ)語時，后邊也用動名詞。2.作賓語 巧記：下列各動詞作賓語：情況都考慮，還是無興趣；抵不住誘惑，忍不住、冒險、嘗試、去逃避；卻遭到禁止、許可和推遲，否定、介意提建議；最后頭腦清醒時，承認(rèn)任務(wù)沒完成，做了一件大傻事。妙解：上述敘述中含有下列動詞，可接動名詞作賓語：consider, dislike, feel like, enjoy, appreciate, escape, avoid, resist(抵抗), can

46、t help(禁不住), cant stand(忍不住), cant bear(忍不住), risk, forbid, allow, permit, delay(耽擱), deny(否認(rèn)), mind, suggest, admit(承認(rèn))。典例：I much appreciate your giving me the chance. 我非常感激你給我這次機(jī)會。He admitted having broken the window. 他承認(rèn)他打爛了玻璃窗。The thief escaped being caught by the police.小偷逃脫了警察的抓捕。3.作表語巧記：動名作表特

47、點(diǎn)，主語表語可互換。妙解：動名詞作表語時，主語常是無生命的名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，主語常可以與表語對換位置，但在進(jìn)行時態(tài)中的現(xiàn)在分詞不能與主語對換位置。典例：Any commercial purpose is creating wealth. 商業(yè)的目的就是創(chuàng)造財富。What he likes most is playing computer games. 他最喜歡的事情是打電腦游戲。Her hobby is painting. 她的愛好是繪畫。Their pastime is going to movies. 他們的消遣是看電影。Her favourite sport is skii

48、ng.她最喜歡的運(yùn)動是滑雪。One of her duties is keeping the department files.她的任務(wù)之一是管理部門的檔案。Seeing is believing. （諺）眼見為實。4.作定語 巧記：動名詞可作定，表示用途和作用。 妙解：動名詞作定語表示用途，而現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動作正在進(jìn)行或性質(zhì)特征。 典例：Lets do a guessing game. 咱們做一個猜字游戲吧。 I like swimming in that swimming pool. 我喜歡在那個游泳池里游泳。5.使用動名詞的短語或句型 (1)介詞to短語后 典例：be used to

49、(習(xí)慣于)，look forward to (盼望)，pay attention to(注意)，devoteto(獻(xiàn)身于)，be devoted to(致力于)，get down to(著手)，turn to(開始)，prefer doing A to doing B , lead to(導(dǎo)致，引起) , admit to(承認(rèn)，常用于被動)，in addition to(除之外還)，see to(注意做到，處理)。agree to(同意做法、觀點(diǎn)等)，stick to(堅持)，similar to(與相似)，be accustomed to (習(xí)慣于)，object to(反對)，refer

50、 to(參考)，come near to(幾乎要),get close to(接近，幾乎要)。(2)其它短語或介詞后典例：give up (放棄)，put off (推遲)，insist on (堅持)，persist in(堅持，多表示固執(zhí))，depend on（依靠），rely on（依靠），think about（考慮），care about（關(guān)心），set about（著手），go about(著手），take up（從事，開始干），feel like（想要做），be worth（值得），be worthy of (值得)，thank you for, be gratefu（感激）to

51、 sb for , be thankful to sb for, apologize to sb for（因而向某人道歉），make an apology to sb for, criticize sb for（批評），blame sb for(責(zé)備)，scold sb for（責(zé)備），punish sb for（懲罰），praise sb for（表揚(yáng)），excuse sb for(原諒)，be busy , keep busy ,、spend money / time (in) , waste money / time (in), have trouble / problem / diff

52、iculty( in ), have fun in (玩得開心)。(3)六種句型No加動名表不行No Spitting here.禁止吐痰。No parking here. 禁止停車。There is no 動名表示不可能Theres no knowing where they have gone .無法知道他們?nèi)ツ睦锪?。Theres no stopping of him. 誰也無法阻止他。Its no good / use加動名，表示做事情沒有好處、沒有用。 Its no use crying over split milk. 為已發(fā)生而無法補(bǔ)救的事而懊悔是沒用的。Its a waste o

53、f time / money 加動名，表示已經(jīng)浪費(fèi)記心中。Its a waste of money buying those books too much for you.買了那些你看不懂的書簡直是浪費(fèi)金錢。go加動名室外行My mother often goes shopping on Sunday. 我媽媽常常周日去購物。do加動名室內(nèi)行We often do some cleaning on Sunday. 我們常常在周日大掃除。下列動詞或詞組既可以跟動名詞作賓語，也可以跟不定式作賓語，但意義上有區(qū)別，要特別注意forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記已