題型板塊--完形填空--考點集匯、講解和訓練

1、名校學習資料集錦全國各大名校資料集合【考點掃描】無形填空”題是一種旨在考查學生語法和詞匯知識綜合運用能力的典型題型。 它結(jié)合了單項選擇題和短文填空的優(yōu)點， 既考查詞語搭配、近義詞辨異、動詞時 態(tài)、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)合句的關(guān)聯(lián)和習慣用法等，又考查了邏輯推理和事理推斷能力。無形填空”題要求填入的詞主要有：1 .語法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞，如連接詞、連接代詞、連接副詞、關(guān)系代詞、關(guān) 系副詞等。2 .具有語法變化的普通詞，如動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣，名詞的數(shù)，代詞的格， 形容詞和副詞的級等。3 .固定搭配短語或詞組中的特定詞。4 .同義詞、近義詞等易混淆詞。5 .根據(jù)上、下文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必須填入的確定詞?？梢姡晷?/p>

2、填空是一種綜合性較強的題型。它的突出特點是起點高、容量大。同學們只有具備了扎實的語言基本功、較好的閱讀能力及歸納判斷能力，才能適 應(yīng)這一題型。完形填空題的考查目的：1 .考查同學們閱讀理解能力。2 .考查同學們語法知識。3 .考查同學們綜合運用英語知識的水平和實踐能力?！久麕熃怆y】一、完形填空題的命題特點完形填空題是通過閱讀考查學生語言知識及語言知識綜合運用能力的一種測試形式。命題人在一段又t度適度的文章中留出 10個空白，要求考生從所給的 A, B, C, D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，使補足的短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。完形填空是介于單項填空和閱讀理解之間的一種題型?？梢哉f它是根據(jù)一篇 文章所

3、提供的情景進行的選擇填空，也可以說它是在缺少個別單詞情況下的閱讀 理解。完形填空既有對語法規(guī)則、習慣用法和詞語搭配的考查，又有對文章內(nèi)容 的通篇理解。完形填空主要考查以下三個方面的內(nèi)容：1、詞匯：此類題目考查的內(nèi)容是：近義詞的區(qū)別，詞語的固定搭配和習慣用法。近幾 年陜西省中考題中的完型填空題考查的詞匯類別涉及到名詞、代詞、動詞、介詞、連詞、形容詞、副詞和短語動詞。2、語法：此類題目考查的是：各種語法規(guī)則在文章中的運用。其中包括名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)， 形容詞、副詞的比較等級，動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)，介詞、數(shù)詞、代詞和連詞的用法， 主謂一致，各種從句的用法等。3、結(jié)構(gòu)：此類題目考查的是：文章中間句子與句子之間，

4、段落與段落之間，上文與下 文之間的邏輯關(guān)系。從設(shè)空的類型看可分為三個層次：1、句子層次2、句組層次3、全篇層次設(shè)空的難度，從句子層次到句組層次，再到全篇層次，依次增加。分析近幾年陜西省的完形填空題，我們可以看出陜西省完形填空題的設(shè)空主 要以句子層次為主，以句組層次為輔，幾乎沒有全篇層次題目。因此總體難度較 低。二、完形填空的解題技巧前面我們已經(jīng)分析過，完形填空是在全面理解短文基礎(chǔ)上的選擇填空。因此做完型填空”題應(yīng)遵循下列步驟：1、通讀全文，了解大意做這類題目是，首先應(yīng)該把文章通讀一遍，了解一下文章的大概內(nèi)容。千萬 不要讀一句填一句，因為完形填空”題里所給的大多數(shù)選項填入單句后都可成 立，但從全

5、文看又不可取。例如：2002年北京海淀區(qū)中考試題中的完形填空題：A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter, a German food.You may hear “hotdog" 1 in other ways. People sometimes say “hodog” to express 2 . For example, a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema. You might say

6、 “Great! I would love to go. " Or, you could say, “4 ! I would love to go. rr showPeople 5 use the expression to describe(寫)someone who is a tries to show everyone else how 6 he is. You often hear such 7 caed a “ hot dog ” . He may be a baseball player, for example, who 8 the ball with one hand

7、, making a (n) 9 catch seem more difficult. You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch, he bows 鞠躬）to the crowd, hoping to win their 10 .1. A. eaten B. used C. cooked D. picked2. A. strength B. practice C. pleasure D. reply3. A. if B. how C. when D. where4. A. Hot dog B. Don ' t

8、 worry C. Never mind D. Excuse me5. A. ever B. also C. still D. yet6. A. hopeful B. careful C. kind D. great7. A. a dogB. a landC. a personD. an action8. A. catches B. plays C. passes D. throws9. A. hardB. funnyC. excitingD. easy10. A. thanks B. cheers C. medals D. matches如果不看后面的文章內(nèi)容，短文的第一個題所給第四個選項都

9、可以填入空白處，不論是從語法的角度，還是從這個句子的意思完整的角度， 都是能夠站得住 腳的。但如果繼續(xù)看完這一段短文之后，你就會領(lǐng)悟到，“ hot dogff這里不是 被 吃”，被做“，被拿"，而是 被使用”，只能選used有些同學一拿到 完形填空”題，就著手去填，填到最后，才發(fā)現(xiàn)所選答案語 全文的意思不符，不得不在從頭開始。費時又費力，還不易做準確，這種方法是 不可取的。2、瞻前顧后，逐步填空了解文章大意之后，就可逐步填空。一般來說，文章后面所給的選擇答案可分三類：一類是語法正確，而意思不對；另一類是意思正確，而語法錯誤；第三 類是語法正確，意思也正確。在選擇答案時，一定要考慮到上

10、下文的意思，還要 考慮到句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，習慣用法，固定搭配和詞類的功能，盡量使選出的答案及復(fù) 合語法又符合原文的意思。3、認真復(fù)查，適當調(diào)整填空全部做完以后，應(yīng)把短文從頭到尾再讀一遍，檢查一下填空以后的文章 是否連貫，情節(jié)是否合理，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確。一般來說，如果意思連貫，情節(jié) 合理，語法結(jié)構(gòu)正確，就意味著選答沒有問題；如果發(fā)現(xiàn)個別填空使文章文理不 通，語法結(jié)構(gòu)有問題，就說明選答不正確。對這樣的填空應(yīng)該認真推敲，進行調(diào) 整?！局锌挤独浚?004年陜西省中考試題）Once upon a time, some children were playing at seasidewhen they fou

11、nd a turtle（海龜）.They began to beat the turtle. Just at that time, a young man came and said to them, "Stop! ” The child31nrquickly. The turtle was very thankful and said, “Thanks for your kindness. I really would like32 you to a wonderful palace now.The young man rode on the back of the turtle

12、and was taken to the secret palace in the sea. When he 33 the palace, he was very surprised and said to the turtle, “What a nice palace!” To thank him, the king of the turtles gave 3h4m. He hadnever seen such a dinner before. He received a warm welcome there and was very 35 everything.After dinner,

13、the king of the turtles said, “Iam going to give you two boxes, 36 you can open only one. ” “Youmustn' o pen both. Don' tforget it! 'the turtle warned him. “All right. I will open only one," the youngman Atomssed（time, a large wave sent him out of the sea.After he 37 , he opened the

14、 bigger one of the two boxes.38the box was full of gold. “My God!” he cried. now. "m 39en he thought, “Thingotheheox must be expensive, too. 'He could not wait any longer. He broke his promise and opened the other box. As soon as he opened it, he became an old man. His hair turned white. Hi

15、s face 40 an old man over eighty years old. It all happened in a moment. He was sorry for what he did, but it was too late.31. A. through B. away C. into D. out32. A. wanting B. asking C. to let D. to invite33. A. left for B. arrived on C. arrived at D. got away34. A. a very big dinner B. a very poo

16、r dinnerC. a very bad dinner D. a very small dinner35. A. pleased with B. strict in C. angry with D. sorry for36. A. so B. or C. but D. as37. A. went back to home B. was back homeC. went back to the sea D.was back the sea38. A. To his surprising B. To one ' s suspigC. To one ' s surprise. To

17、 his surprise39. A. a poor man B. a rich manC. an old man D. a young man40. A. liked B. felt like C. looked like D. looked31. B根據(jù)上下文判斷，那些孩子們應(yīng)該是跑走了。所以應(yīng)選away。32. D would like之后應(yīng)接不定式，年輕人就了海龜?shù)拿?，海龜?yīng)是邀請年輕人到宮殿去?！?3. C到達某個地方應(yīng)用arrived at。34. A按照邏輯，海龜國王要感謝他，必然設(shè)盛宴招待他。所以應(yīng)選a big dinner。35. A海龜國王盛情招待他，所以他對一切都滿意。p

18、leased with everything表示的就是這個意思。36. C海龜國王給了他兩個盒子，但只準他打開一個。這里有一個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所 以應(yīng)選but。37. B年輕人在海里見到了海龜國王，得到了兩個盒子以后，應(yīng)該回家，而不是 回到海里。而回家應(yīng)是 went back homa38. D使他感到驚訝的是，用英語表示就是 To his surprise39. B他得到了金子，當然應(yīng)該是 a rich man。40. C由于貪心，他的頭發(fā)變白了，臉看起來”像八十多歲的老頭。從2004年的完形填空題來看，難度不大，全部題目都屬于句子層次。只要看懂了短文的意思，掌握了一些短語的固定搭配，再多做一些精

19、選的練習，做好完 形填空題是不難的?！緷M分演練】A very new, young officer was at a railway station. He was on his way to visithis mother in 1 town. He wanted to telephone her to tell her the time of his train, 2 she could meet him at the 3 in her car. He looked at all his pockets, but 4 that he did not have the right money

20、 for the telephone, so he went on and looked 5 for someone to help him. At last an old soldier came by, and the young officer stopped him and said,“Can you change t6e moaney“Wait a moment, “ the soldier , and he began to put his hand in his 8"I' llsee whether I can help you. ”“DoH you know

21、how to speak to an officer? the young officer said angrily “Now let '9 again, Can you change the money for me? ”“No, sir, " the old soldier answetOd .1. A. other B. the other C. another D. one2. A. so B. so that C. because D. when3. A. place B. station C. street D. stop4. A. knew B. thought

22、 C. found D. found out5. A. up B. down C. around D. into6. A. to B. with C. for D. and7. A. answered B. spoke C. told D. smiled8. A. coat B. handbag C. wallet D. pocket9. A. start B. to begin C. doing D. ask10. A. easily B. fast C. happily D. quickly(2)One of Charlie Chaplin ' s most famous film

23、s was“The Gold Rush " The film wasset in California in the middle of the 1 century. At that time, gold was discovered in California and thousands of people 2 there to look for gold, so it became 3 as“the gold rush" People said gold couldbe picked up by washing sand from theriver in a pan o

24、f water. This was known as “ panning for gold ”In the film, Chaplin and his friend are in California. So far, they havebeen 5 in their search for gold and have no money at all. They 6 in a snow storm in a small wooden house. They have 7 They are so hungry that they 8 a pair of shoes, by boiling them

25、 in a pan of water. Chaplin sits down 9 the table and eats the shoe. He makes it seem as if this is one of the 10 meals that he has ever enjoyed.1 .A. nineteen B. ninetieth C. nineteenth D. ninth2 .A. went B. left C. climb D. found3 .A. famous B. known C. wonderful D. great4 .A. hard B. easily C. di

26、fficulty D. slowly5 .A. unhappy B. unsuccessfully C. unlucky D. unluckily6 .A. have got B. meet C. are caught D. live7 .A. a little food B. some water C. nothing D. nothing to eat8 .A. wear B. cook C. make D. mend9 .A. at B. by C. near D. beside10 .A. biggest B. dearest C. cheapest D. most delicious

27、（3）Once there was a boy in Toronto. His name was Jimmy. He started drawing when he was three years old, and when he was five he was already very 1 at it. He drewmany beautiful interesting pictures, and many people 2 his pictures. Theythought this boy was going to be 3 when he was a little older, and

28、 then theywere going to 4 these pictures for a lot of money.Jimmy's pictures were quite different from other 5 because he never drew onall of the paper. He drew on 6 of it, and the other half was always 7."That's very clever," everybody said. "8 other people have ever done tha

29、tbefore."One day somebody asked him, "Please tell me, Jimmy. Why do you draw on the bottom （底部）half of your pictures,9 not on the top half?""Because I'm small," Jimmy said, "and my brushes 毛筆）can't 10 very high."1. A.poor B.sad C.glad D.good2. A.bought B.br

30、ought C.sold D.took3. A.different B.clever C.famous D.rich4. A.buyB.showC.leaveD.sell5. A.men's B.people's C.boy's D.child's6. A.halfB.partC.sideD.end7. A.fullB.emptyC.wrongD.ready8. A.NoB.SomeC.AnyD.Many9. A.thenB.andC.butD.or10. A.change B.turn C.pull D.reach"Jane, please let

31、me borrow a dollar," Jenny asked as they stood in the school lunch. have one in my jacket, but I don't want to 1 and lose my place.""OK," agreed Jane.Jane waited all day for Jenny to 2 back the dollar she borrowed, but Jennyseemed to be 3. "She's just forgotten,"

32、; thought Jane. "I don't want to 4her angry." Still, her money didn't go far. Some classmates, like Jenny, were getting five dollars a week.Weeks went by. At last Jane got up enough courage to tell her about the 5."Oh, Jane, I forgot!" Jenny said, "I'll 6 the dol

33、lar tomorrow."The next day Jenny seemed to have forgotten again. During the noon hour Jane saw her 7 sweets for Mary and Ann. Jenny saw Jane looking at her.8 shesaid something in a low voice to the other two girls. Jane felt 9 and asked herteacher if she could go back to the classroom. In the c

34、lassroom, Jane saw two new pencils in Jenny's desk. An 10 came to her."Jenny's not kind lately, and anyway, she really owes me. A dollar doesn't meananything to her, but it means a lot to me."1. A.stayB.waitC.leaveD.take2. A.returnB.lendC.showD.pay3. A.busyB.happyC.freeD.sad4.

35、A.letB.makeC.keepD.find5. A.money B.lunch C.place D.classmate6. A.remember B.bring C.give D.pass7. A.borrowing B.making C.selling D.buying8. A.EvenB.Again C.ThenD.Instead9. A.alone B.sad C.hungry D.lucky10. A.endB.answer C.ideaD.excuse(5)Monday is the beginning of the week; it is the day most Americ

36、ans like worst. The day they _1_ most is Saturday. Saturday is the _2_ of the workweek; it is the beginning of the weekend.Life is _3_ on the weekend; most Americans _4_ care of their houses, cars and gardens. They sleep _5_ in the morning. They enjoy the feeling that the time _6_ to move more slowl

37、y.The workweek is for things you _7_ to do; the weekend is for things you _8_ to do. Some people may get in a car for a _9_ in the country. They like to take part in a sports activity out of doors. And on Saturday night they might go to public eating _10_ or a film.1. A.likeB.dislikeC.spendD.leave2.

38、 A.middle B.beginning C.end D.day3. A.worse B.difficult C.better D.different4. A.makeB.takeC.lookD.pick5. A.earlierB.laterC.fasterD.shorter6. A.decides B.wants C.spends D.seems7. A.enjoyB.hateC.have D.find8. A.like B.start C.get D.check9. A.driveB.walkC.fishing D.washing10. A.place B.house C.room D.

39、apartment(6)In the old days, in London, the smog was very thick. Car and bus drivers _1_ to drive very slowly. They _2_ saw the road in front of them even during the daytime. People did not like going out in the smog. _3_ they had to go out, they wore "smogmask" over their faces.In Decembe

40、r 1952, a very _4_ dark cloud came down over London. It was the _5_ smog Londoners had ever had. _6_ of it was bad factory smoke. Nearly fifty people died in road accidents. But many more people became unhealthy. The smog was very _7_ for old people and children. One man said, "The streets were

41、 almost _8_ because people stayed at home as much as possible. The air was very thick, and you could almost cut it with a knife."After three weeks, the smog began to _9_. But in the following weeks and months over 4000 people died as a _10_ of the smog.1. A.hurried B.stayed C.had D.stopped2. A.

42、easily B.hardly C.already D.freely3. A.If B.So C.Though D.Because4. A.clear B.thick C.thin D.small5. A.hottest B.nicest C.worst D.best6. A.MuchB.Many C.A few D.A little7. A.favourite B.strong C.dangerous D.weak8. A.emptyB.fullC.dirty D.clean9. A.remember B.forget C.arrive D.lift10. A.part B.usual C.

43、end D.result(7)Mother's day is a holiday for mothers. It is celebrated in the United States, England, Sweden, India, Mexico and any other _1_. Little by little, it _2_ widely celebrated.Mother's day falls on the second Sunday in May. _3_, many people send _4_ of love to their mothers. Those

44、whose mothers are still living _5_ a pink or red rose, while those whose mothers are _6_ wear a white one.The _7_ of a day for mothers was first given by Miss Ana Jarvis of Philadelphia. As a result of her hard work, the celebration for the first American Mother's Day _8_ in Philadelphia on May

45、10, 1908. Soon the _9_ became popular all overthe _10_ and around the world.1. A.homes B.schools C.countries D.cities2. A.gives B.becomes C.stays D.begins3. A.For a long time B.In the morning C.At a time D.On that day4. A.presents5. A.put6. A.ill7. A.ideaB.thingsB.takeB.healthyB.planC.helloC.wearC.d

46、eadC.needD.callsD.dressD.busyD.meeting8. A.held B.was holding C.was held D.is he.ld9. 64.dayB.holiday C.month D.time10. A.countryB.America C.place D.England(8)The ideal (理想的) teacher may be young or old, tall or short, fat or thin. He should _1_ his subject very well and like learning something abou

47、t other subjects. The ideal teacher must be full of strong feelings of wonder or interest. He must _2_teach anything he himself is not _3_ in. He should be like a man who can act and should not be afraid to _4_ his feelings and tell other people what he likes and what he doesn't like clearly. He

48、 must like his students and respect them, and he must also respect himself and be proud of his work. _5_ he doesn't, he cannot respect his students and _6_ respect from them. The ideal teacher should have an _7_ of his students and be able to get on well with them. He needs students' underst

49、anding, too. The ideal teacher should be kind and _8_ and he should give hope to his students to learn knowledge. The ideal teacher should see his students' _9_ so that he can know how to encourage the growth of _10_ of his students. The ideal teacher is one who grows, learns, and makes himself

50、better along with his students.So what about the teacher around you?1. A.like B.know C.choose D.remember2.A.never B.ever C.even D.still 3. A.weak B.well C.interested D.strict4. A.hold B.show C.passD.keep5. A.Since B.As C.IfD.Because6. A.give B.lose C.changeD.win7. 72.A.understanding B.ideaC.exercise

51、 D.excuse8.A.forgetfulB.helpfulC.quickD.lucky9. A.listsB.mistakesC.cards.differences10.A.eachB.everyC.oneD.eitherHawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches. Every year water sports, especially surfing and water skiing attract 1 tourists to the island.Hawaii has been a magical name to people who like

52、 to travel 2 many years. People on 3 sides of the Pacific Ocean （太平洋），in Japan and in America, dream of 4 these beautiful islands in the middle of the ocean. In the tropical （熱帶的） lands, the sun drops like a ball of golden fire into the sea, and it drops so 5 that you can almost see it move. The sun

53、 leaves behind a glow（落日余輝）that lights the sky in the quiet water.People often have a quiet, enjoyable time walking along the water. This scenery is not very different from the exciting beauty that greeted the first tourists to these islands centuries ago. They came in canoes not much 6han small boa

54、ts.They found the beautiful white sand beaches and the waving palm tree標巾（樹），but there were no grand hotels like 7 we see today. The first people came to Hawaii nearly 8 years ago, but skyscraper（摩天大樓）hotels were only built in the last 25 years. Now aeroplanes make it possible to fly to Hawaii for a

55、 weekend from Tokyo 9 San Francisco.10 people come from, they really want to see the earliest beauty of Hawaii. They want to see the lovely beaches and the mountains which are almost hidden by the tall hotels.1. A. many B. much C. any D. no2. A. by B. with C. for D. since3. A. both B. each C. either

56、 D. every4. A. to see B. Seeing C. See D. saw5. A. happily B. quietly C. heavily D. quickly6. A. big B. biger C. bigger D. biggest7. A. the one B. the ones C. this D. that8. A. two thousands B. two thousands of C. two thousand D. two thousand of9. A. to B. of C. in D. or10. A. Wherever B. Whatever C

57、. However D. Whenever（10）Mobile phones are becoming more and more popular not only with grown ups but also with students. Meanwhile, they also 1 a problem for middle schools in the past few years. Some children have got mobile phones as Christmas or birthday gifts, and more will 2 want them.Many lik

58、e SMS becauseit is easy and 3 . Some parents felt happy becausethey could get in touch 4 their children. Some teachers said mobile phone use was a distraction （分心的事）to students during school hours and it also gave them much 5 in their classrooms. Sometimes students6 use phone messages tocheat （作弊） during exams. A new study found that some teenagers send messages in class even hurt their fingers because they can