數(shù)電加法計數(shù)器 無效態(tài)000 110

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7、183;·························13 三位二進制加法計數(shù)器的設(shè)計·····················

8、3;··········································1 3.1設(shè)計原理······&

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10、#183;····························1 3.2設(shè)計過程···················

11、3;·················································

12、3;···············240110串行序列檢測器的設(shè)計································

13、···································4 4.1設(shè)計原理·············

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17、········55. 12及10進制可控計數(shù)器的設(shè)計·······································

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31、#183;········15.1設(shè)計目的與作用.1.1設(shè)計目的及設(shè)計要求根據(jù)設(shè)計要求設(shè)計三位二進制加法計數(shù)器，串行序列檢測器及12和10進制可控計數(shù)器，加強對數(shù)字電子技術(shù)的了解，鞏固課堂上學(xué)到的知識，了解計數(shù)器，串行序列檢測器的工作原理。.1.2設(shè)計作用通過電路箱及multisim仿真軟件的使用，可以使我們對計數(shù)器及串行檢測器有更深的理解，并且學(xué)會分析仿真結(jié)果，與理論結(jié)果作比較。加強了自我動手動腦的能力。.2設(shè)計任務(wù)1.三位二進制加法計數(shù)器（無效態(tài)：000，110）2.串行序列檢測器（檢測序列：0110）3.12

32、及10進制可控計數(shù)器的設(shè)計及仿真.3 三位二進制加法計數(shù)器的設(shè)計.3.1設(shè)計原理設(shè)計一個三位二進制同步加法計數(shù)器，要求無效狀態(tài)為000,110001 010 011 100 101 111圖3.1.1 狀態(tài)圖 排列.3.2設(shè)計過程1 選擇觸發(fā)器，求時鐘方程、輸出方程和狀態(tài)方程 a選擇觸發(fā)器 由于JK觸發(fā)器的功能齊全，使用靈活，在這里選用3個CP下降沿觸發(fā)的邊沿JK觸發(fā)器。 b求時鐘方程 采用同步方案，故取CP是整個要設(shè)計的時序電路的輸入時鐘脈沖。 c求狀態(tài)方程 由3.1所示狀態(tài)圖可直接畫出電路次態(tài)卡諾圖。再分解開便可以得到如圖各觸發(fā)器的卡諾圖 Q1nQ0nQ2n 00 01 11 10xxx0

33、10100011101111001xxx 圖3.2.1次態(tài)卡諾圖Q1nQ0nQ2n 00 01 11 10x010110x 圖3.2.2 的卡諾圖 Q1nQ0nQ2n 00 01 11 10x101010x圖3.2.3 的卡諾圖Q1nQ0nQ2n 00 01 11 10x001111x圖3.2.4 的卡諾圖狀態(tài)方程（2）求驅(qū)動方程JK觸發(fā)器的特性方程為（3）畫邏輯電路圖根據(jù)所選用的觸發(fā)器和時鐘方程，輸出方程，驅(qū)動方程，便可以畫出如圖所示的邏輯電路圖。圖3.2.5 三位二進制同步加法計數(shù)器邏輯電路（4）檢查電路能否自啟動，可見在CP操作下都能回到有效狀態(tài)，電路能夠自啟動。.4 0110串行序列檢

34、測器的設(shè)計.4.1設(shè)計原理設(shè)計一個串行序列信號檢測器，檢查輸入信號中是否有“0110”序列信號。 設(shè)計步驟如下。1 邏輯抽象，畫出電路狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換圖a輸入變量用X表示，X=0表示位數(shù)據(jù)為0，X=1表示位數(shù)據(jù)為1。輸出變量用Z表示，Z=1表示檢測到0110序列信號，Z=0表示未檢測到。b電路狀態(tài)量為4個，電路狀態(tài)編號分別用表示 各電路狀態(tài)的含義：初始狀態(tài)，電路還未收到一個有效的0：收到一個0或連續(xù)收到0后狀態(tài)：連續(xù)收到01后的狀態(tài)：連續(xù)收到011后的狀態(tài)c.列出電路狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換圖如圖所示。圖中圓圈表示電路的各個狀態(tài)，箭頭表示在一個脈沖作用下，電路轉(zhuǎn)換方向和結(jié)果；斜線上方和下方的數(shù)字表示轉(zhuǎn)換前輸入，輸出變

35、量的值.0/0S0S1S2S31/00/00/11/01/00/01/0圖4.1.1電路狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換圖從圖中知，檢測器的輸出不僅取決于輸入變量，而且還取決于電路的當(dāng)前狀態(tài)。.4.2設(shè)計過程(1) a.確定觸發(fā)器的數(shù)目 電路狀態(tài)數(shù)量M=4，代入，計算得n=2，電路需要兩個觸發(fā)器。b.電路狀態(tài)編碼電路狀態(tài)用兩個觸發(fā)器的狀態(tài)組合來表示，取的編碼為00,01,11,10。(2)選定觸發(fā)器，求出電路狀態(tài)方程、輸出方程和驅(qū)動方程a 確定觸發(fā)器類型，JK觸發(fā)器。b 邏輯函數(shù)化簡，寫出狀態(tài)方程，輸出方程，驅(qū)動方程。選用卡諾圖化簡的方法?？傻么螒B(tài)變量，和輸出變量Z的卡諾圖， Q1nQ0nQ2 00 01 11 1001/001/001/001/100/011/010/000/0 圖4.2.1 ，和輸出變量Z的卡諾圖 n Q1nQ0nQ2 00 01 11 1000 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 圖4.2.2 Q1nQ0nQ2n 00 01 11 1011 1 1 0 1 0 0 圖4.2.3 Q1nQ0nQ2n 00 01 11 1000010000 圖4.2.4 Z在卡諾圖中，用X，表示現(xiàn)態(tài)變量，并作為輸入變量，進行化簡后，得到電路狀態(tài)方程電路輸出方程 將式中的兩個邏輯式與JK觸發(fā)器特性方程進行比較，得到兩個觸發(fā)器的驅(qū)動方程2 畫出邏輯電路圖 根據(jù)驅(qū)動方程，畫出0110序列信號檢測器邏輯圖，如圖所示