托福閱讀定位信息的具體方法

1、智課網(wǎng)TOEFL備考資料托福閱讀定位信息的具體方法摘要:之前介紹過托福閱讀需要尋找關(guān)鍵詞定位,但是說得容易,有什么具體的托福閱讀技巧能幫助大家找到這些詞呢?下面就來結(jié)合托福閱讀試題來介紹一下。之前介紹過托福閱讀需要尋找關(guān)鍵詞定位,但是說得容易,有什么具體的托福閱讀技巧能幫助大家找到這些詞呢?下面就來結(jié)合托福閱讀試題來介紹一下。事實細節(jié)托福閱讀試題建議大家采用“鎖定信號詞-找到輻射區(qū)”的托福閱讀技巧來解答事實題,我們一起來了解一下這種方法:細節(jié)題題目一般都會就文章中的一個名詞或者一項事實來提問,該名詞或事實就是“signpost word(s”,即所謂的信號詞;托福閱讀的題目一般都會針對某一段提

2、問,建議大家在確認了信號詞之后,回到對應(yīng)段落,通過“scanning”及掃讀的方式,迅速定位到原文中的信號詞處,將信號詞上下幾句劃為輻射區(qū)進行研究,提高做題效率。例題一起來看例題,將這個方法應(yīng)用到托福閱讀實戰(zhàn)中來吧。題目1. The period discussed in the passage isreferred to as an “explosion” because itA occurred 0.6 billion years ago, late inEarths historyB was characterized by the unusually fastevolution of

3、many new life-formsC was characterized by widespread animalextinctionD was characterized by violent volcaniceruptions題目問的是,文章中討論的這一時期之所以被稱為“大爆發(fā)”是因為什么。這篇閱讀文章是圍繞著“寒武紀生物大爆發(fā)”展開內(nèi)容的。在本題目,explosion就是我們所說的信號詞。原文中與本題對應(yīng)的段落內(nèi)容如下:The geologic timescale is marked bysignificant geologic and biological events, incl

4、uding the origin of Earth about4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, theorigin of eukaryotic life-forms (living things that have cells with truenuclei about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6billion years ago. The last event marks the beginnin

5、g of the Cambrian period.Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth in only the last10 percent of Earths history. During a geologically brie f 100-million-yearperiod, all modern animal groups (along with other animals that are nowextinct evolved. This rapid origin and diversification

6、 of animals is oftenreferred to as “theCambrian explosion.”內(nèi)容很多,通過掃讀,我們看到explosion這個詞出現(xiàn)在段落最后,我們將本信號詞前的兩句話定為輻射區(qū),即:During a geologically brief100-million-year period, all modern animal groups (along with other animalsthat are now extinct evolved. This rapid origin and diversification of animalsis ofte

7、n referred to as “the Cambrian explosion.”解讀一下輻射區(qū)的意思:在短暫的一億年的地質(zhì)學(xué)周期中,所有現(xiàn)代動物群(包括現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)滅絕的生物都進化了。這次快速的動物起源和動物種類多樣化情況產(chǎn)生的時期常常被稱為“寒武紀大爆發(fā)”。我們了解到,這一時期的特征就是動物種類多樣化,動物發(fā)展的速度快,這也是這一時期被稱為“大爆發(fā)”的緣由。研究選項:A occurred 0.6 billion years ago, late inEarths historyA 表示這一時期之所以被稱為“大爆發(fā)”是因為它發(fā)生在六億年前,是在地球歷史的晚期。本選項不對,是否被稱為“大爆發(fā)”,與

8、出現(xiàn)的時期無關(guān)。B was characterized by the unusually fastevolution of many new life-formsB 表示這一時期之所以被稱為“大爆發(fā)”是因為這段時期的特征是很多生命形式以不同尋常的速度進化演變B正確,它提到了這一時期之所以被稱為“大爆發(fā)”的兩個原因“很多的生命形式”以及“不同尋常的速度”,與原文輻射區(qū)相吻合。C was characterized by widespread animalextinctionC 表示這一時期之所以被稱為“大爆發(fā)”是因為這段時期的特征是很多動物都滅絕了。C選項錯誤,動物滅絕和“大爆發(fā)”是相悖的。D

9、was characterized by violent volcaniceruptionsD表示這一時期之所以被稱為“大爆發(fā)”是因為這段時期的特征是火山爆發(fā)的情況很嚴重。注意:volcanic: 火山的,eruption: 爆發(fā)。因此,D也不對,輻射區(qū)沒有提到火山的問題,而且它與被稱為“大爆發(fā)”的原因也不吻合。本題選擇B。2. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the white-tailed deer of Puget Sound?A. It is native to lowlands and marsh

10、es.B. It is more closely related to the mule deer of eastern Washington than toother types of deer.C. It has replaced the black-tailed deer in the open prairie.D. It no longer lives in a particular type of habitat that it onceoccupied.題目問的是,從文章第一段看,以下哪個選項在描述皮吉特我愛灣白尾鹿的時候表述是正確的?這篇文章是圍繞著皮吉特灣的鹿群展開內(nèi)容的。在本

11、題中,white-tailed deer就是我們所說的信號詞(短語。原文中與本題對應(yīng)的段落內(nèi)容如下:Two species of deer have been prevalent inthe Puget Sound area of Washington state in the Pacific Northwest of the UnitedStates. The black-tailed deer, a lowland, west-side cousin of the mule deer ofeastern Washington, is now the most common. The oth

12、er species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times wascommon in the open prairie country, it is now restricted to the low, marshyislands and flood plains along the lower Columbia River.通過掃讀,我們看到white-tailed deer這個詞(短語,將本信號詞(短語后面的三個分句定為輻射區(qū),即:white-tailed deer, in earlier times wascommon in

13、 the open prairie country, it is now restricted to the low, marshyislands and flood plains along the lower Columbia River.解讀一下輻射區(qū)的意思:白尾鹿早前在開闊的草原是很常見的,但是現(xiàn)在它們的居住范圍縮小至哥倫比亞河流下游的低地沼澤及沖積平原。從輻射區(qū)我們了解到,白尾鹿曾經(jīng)的活動范圍比現(xiàn)在大得多,現(xiàn)在和以前的生活地區(qū)有所不同。研究選項:A. It is native to lowlands andmarshes.A表示白尾鹿是在低地及沼澤土生土長的。這與輻射區(qū)”in ear

14、lier times was common in the open prairie country”不符,A錯誤。B. It is more closely related to the mule deer of eastern Washington than toother types of deer.B表示白尾鹿與騾鹿有近親關(guān)系,和輻射區(qū)內(nèi)容無關(guān),且與第一段中” The black-tailed deer, a lowland, west-side cousin of the muledeer of eastern Washington”(黑尾鹿是騾鹿的近親相悖,B錯誤。C. It has replaced the black-tailed deer in the open prairie.C表示在開闊的草原地區(qū),白尾鹿被黑尾鹿取代了。這個選項是無中生有的選項。C錯誤。D. It no longer lives in a particular type of habitat that it onceoccupied.D表示白尾鹿現(xiàn)在的居住地和以前的居住地不一樣。與輻射區(qū)意思相符,選擇D。重復(fù)一下,托福閱讀的信息量很大,如果在解事實細節(jié)題時把所有信息都吃透再做題,會導(dǎo)致時間不夠,我們可以采用“鎖定信號詞-找到