廣東高考英語基礎(chǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)

1、廣東高考英語卷基礎(chǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)（系列1）第一講記敘文：如何寫人一、寫作指導(dǎo)高考英語基礎(chǔ)寫作中的寫人側(cè)重人物的介紹，可以用第一人稱(如寫求職信)，也可以用第三人稱，時(shí)態(tài)常常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)，具體的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)要依據(jù)寫作的 要求來確定。寫作過程中要注意以下幾個(gè)方面的問題：1 人物寫作通常需要介紹人物的姓名、年齡、外貌、學(xué)歷、經(jīng)歷、專業(yè)、愛好、 特長(zhǎng)、事跡、性格等多個(gè)方面，但英語基礎(chǔ)寫作需要嚴(yán)格按照寫作要求來寫，包括所給 的全部信息點(diǎn)，既不能遺漏，也不能隨意添加。2對(duì)題目所給的信息要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)重組，安排好寫作順序，突出重點(diǎn)信息。重點(diǎn)信 息通常是寫作的目的所在，比如求職要重點(diǎn)突出學(xué)歷、經(jīng)歷，新聞報(bào)道要

2、重點(diǎn)突出事跡， 介紹自己的老師、朋友要突出他們的特點(diǎn)，等等。3正確運(yùn)用描寫人物的詞匯和句型。4注意運(yùn)用正確的時(shí)態(tài)。描寫人物的外貌、性格、興趣等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而描 寫人物的出生、教育背景、經(jīng)歷、事跡常用一般過去時(shí)。二、常用詞語外貌特征：beautiful, big nose, black eyes, fat, good-looking，handsome, healthy, near-sighted, ordinary-looking， pretty，short，strong, tall， thin, with a big nose, with a big smile, white-haired

3、， 1.80 metres tall, etc.性格特點(diǎn)：absent-minded, attractive，bad-tempered, be ready to help others, bright，charming， con fide nt, dilige nt，frie ndly, gen erous, have a good temper, humorous, in depe ndent, kind, kind-hearted, lazy，narrow-minded, naughty，patient，think of others, smart，talk ative， warm-hea

4、rted, wise，etc.出生年齡：a twenty-five-year-old young man, as a boy of 15, at the age of 20, be born on February 12 , 1987 , during his childhood, in one' fifties, live a happy/ hard life, spend his childhood in the countryside, the son of a poor family, when he was a small boy, etc.興趣愛好：be angry wit

5、h sb for sth, be angry about, be delighted in doing, be good at singing, be interested in English, be fond of music, be crazy about, be pleased with, be sick for, be sorry for, be strict in one' work, be worried about, do well in his research work, ,enjoy doing, expect to do, feel surprised at,

6、have a strong desire to do, look forward to doing sth., long for (long to do), make rapid progress in, put one' heart in to, take a pleasure in doing; wish to do, work hard at his studies, etc.教育背景：be admitted to Beijing University, be enrolled in, fail in the test, a master ' s degree, get

7、on well with one' lessons, give sb. a passing grade, , go abroad to further one' study, graduate from Physics Department of Qinghua University, his father was very strict with him, lay a good foundation in English, major in history, receive a doctor ' degree, pass the exam in ati on, stu

8、dy hard at, take several courses at school, take an active part in classwhe n at college, etc.經(jīng)歷事跡：become a member of the team, concen trate on eself to doing sth., devote on eself to one' busin ess, do sth with great determ in ati on and persevera nce,do research into this field, encourage sb t

9、o do sth, fight for our revolutionary course, give up one' s life for sth, have a good way of doing sth, have a tale nt for Ian guage, make up one' s mi nd to do sth., overcome many difficulties, receive the Nobel Prize for physics, serve as nurse, set a new world record of 110 metre hurdlin

10、g, try one' best to do sth., win the first prize in the competition, win a gold /silver/ bronze medal, etc.他人評(píng)價(jià)：an inspiring leader, a model worker, an advaneed teacher, be respected by all his stude nts, be honored as, be con sidered as, be famous/k nown as, be regarded as, his hard work brough

11、t him great success, make great contributions to our country, one of the most important persons in the past ten years, consider sb. as a genius, consider sb. as the greatest leader, set a good example for all of us, speak highly of him, etc.參考范文：Dear Man ager,I am writing you a letter in order to ap

12、ply for a position in your company. My name is Li Hua and I was born in Foshan City of Guangdong Province in August 1981. I studied in Foshan No. 1 Middle School from 1994 - 2000, and then I came to study in the Computer Departme nt of Guan gzhou Uni versity for four years .I studied computer sciene

13、e, Chinese, maths, English, P.E,and now I am working for a computer company. I like pop music and swimming very much, and I once won the first prize for swimming in the school competition.I am waiting for your reply.Thank youYours TruelyLi Hua參考例文：Hi, every on e. I would like to in troduce two famou

14、s sport stars, Yao Mi ng and Liu Xiang. Yao Ming, born in Shanghai in 1980, is a world famous basketball player.He is now one of the best players in Team Rocket in NBA, and he has been in AllStar Team for several times. Liu Xiang, who was also born in Shanghai but three years younger than Yao Ming,

15、is a world champion in the 110-metre hurdls. He won the first prize in the Athens Olympic Games and broke the world record soon after that. Both of them love music, but Yao Ming likes listening to pop music while Liu Xiang likes singing.參考范文1. Li Ming, the monitor of Class 1 Grade 2, is healthy and

16、lively. She does well in all her subjects, and she is fond of sports, singing and dancing. When she came to school, she had quite a lot of difficulties with the Ianguage, but with great efforts she made a lot of progress in her English Ianguage study. In 2006 she took part in the National Physics Ol

17、ympic Competition and won the first prize. Li Ming is very strict with herself in her work and daily life,and is always ready to help other people.2請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的英文短詩，展開適當(dāng)?shù)南胂螅瑢懸黄涛?。?biāo)題為：My TeacherMr. MooreThere's a teacher Mr. Moore.Who is lovely and thirty-four.Always encouraging us to try.He leads us t

18、o a world of why”.We all admire him more and more.要求：1. 不得照抄短詩原文。2. 必須突出短詩的主題，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，語意連貫。3. 短文不能寫成詩歌形式。4. 只能使用價(jià)值個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部的內(nèi)容。廣東高考英語卷基礎(chǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)（系列2）高考英語基礎(chǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)（II）第二講 記敘文：如何敘事？一、寫作指導(dǎo)敘事類記敘文通常要將時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因和結(jié)果等六個(gè)要素交代清楚。 好的記敘文具有描述事件具體、人物逼真形象、故事生動(dòng)感人、材料表現(xiàn)中心和寫作主 旨明確等特征。高考英語基礎(chǔ)寫作中的敘事類短文也需要具有記敘文寫作的一般特點(diǎn)， 但要求相對(duì)比較低，其考

19、查重點(diǎn)在語言運(yùn)用正確、句子連貫通順、信息點(diǎn)表述完整等方 面。寫作時(shí)要注意以下幾個(gè)方面的問題：1. 嚴(yán)格按照基礎(chǔ)寫作的要求完成各個(gè)信息點(diǎn)，不要為了文章的生動(dòng)而隨意添加信 息。2信息點(diǎn)的表述不要完全按照題目所給的順序，要適當(dāng)重組信息點(diǎn)。3. 記敘文寫作的時(shí)態(tài)多數(shù)是用一般過去時(shí)，但也要注意靈活運(yùn)用其它時(shí)態(tài)。4. 敘事類記敘文的話題通常和中學(xué)生的生活閱歷有關(guān)，如校園生活、旅游、交通、 交友等，平時(shí)要注意積累這些方面的詞匯和短語。二、常用語句1. 表達(dá)時(shí)間a long time ago, at six o' clockn the morning, at the end of, at the we

20、ekend, before he came here, by the end of last term, during the summer holidays, in a few years 'time, in the past, in the old days, in the past ten years, in August 2002, in wi nter vacati on, in weekdays, last mon th, n ext week, on Sun day morni ng, on October 1st, since early in the 20 centu

21、ry, so far, up to now, not until, while , etc.2. 表達(dá)地點(diǎn)at the crossing, at the end of the street, at the airport, at the village, at the foot of the mountain, at the bottom, at the top of, be located in, behind the park, be situated in, five kilometers to the north of Guangzhou, in the south of Guangd

22、ong Province, in the middle of the park, in Class 3 Grade 2, in the front of the bus, in front of the bus, in the tree, in Guangdong, in China, lies to the west of Sichuan, on the other side of the street, on both sides of the road,on the east coast of the Pacific Ocean ,on the right, etc.3. 表達(dá)因果as,

23、 as a result, because, because of, for, in the end, cause, result in, consequentl y, orig in ate from, sin ce, so, therefore, It is clear that ，It turns out to be ,The primary reason is ,etc.4. 事件話題（1）學(xué)校生活及學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)be active in class, be interested in, be interesting to sb., be fond of, be good at , be p

24、oor at , be tired of one' work, be weak in, do one' homework, do sports after school,do well in; educati on for all-ro und developme nt素質(zhì)教育）,exam in ati on-orie nted education system應(yīng)試教育）,fail in the test, get a doctor ' degree, get on well with English, get an “A” in the exam, get 90 ma

25、rks for English, give sb. a passing grade, have a good comma nd of the Ian guage, have eight classes every day, help with each other, lay a good foundation in, learnby heart, major in history, make friends with sb., make progress in, put one' heart in to, pass the exam in ati on, study in groups

26、, succeed in doing sth., take an active part in the activity,take several courses at school, work out a problem, work on a maths problem , work hard at, etc.（2）師生關(guān)系及其活動(dòng)be friendly to sb., be kind to sb, be a strict teacher, be strict with one' pupils, be strict in one' work, be satisfied wit

27、h , blame sb. for sth, correct the students ' homework carefully, devote all one' sime to work, form a good habit of, get on well with sb, give advice on, give sb a lot of work , help sb with sth, make one' sessons lively and interesting, praise sb for sth., prepare for tomorrow ' le

28、sson, question sb on, teach sb. English , teach sb how to do sth., etc.(3) 課余活動(dòng)及周末生活do some reading, enjoy a family trip, enjoy doing sth., go swimming, go for an outing, go to the cinema, have an outing at the seashore, have a swim, have dances on weekends, have a picnic at the weekend, have a part

29、y, hold a sports meeting, Internet bar, net friend, online love affair(網(wǎng)戀),play the piano, play chess (basketbal l), see the sights of Beijing, spend one' time in many different ways, teach in a family, etc.(4) 交通情況a big traffic jam, a traffic accident, be very crowded in the street, be seriousl

30、y injured, by bus (train / ship / boat), drive a car, flight No. 2130, in a small boat, give sb. a lift, keep right, lie on the street, meet sb. at the station, on the bus (train), on board, on one' svay to London, on the journey, one way only , pick up sb., ride a bike, ride a horse , see sb. o

31、ff at the airport, self-service ticket , take a flight to New York, traffic light, travel through China, turn right, etc.(5 )度假旅游New Year' Day, Women s Day, May Day, Youth Day, Children 'Day, Teachers ' Day, Mid- Autumn Day, National Day, valentine Day, the Spring Festival, a hot spot, a

32、 place of in terest, a tourist dest in ati on, a five-star hotel, a good restaura nt, a return ticket, a single ticket, a city with a long history, a quiet village, a three-day tour, an experieneed guide, Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, beautiful scenery, in peak tourist seas ons,n atural attract ion, o

33、n one' svay to Fran ce, on the back way , one of the great wonders of the world, spend one' holidays on the sea , the 11 Asian Games, travel agency, the tour route, the inner-ring road, travel to England, the Great Wall , the Summer Place , Zhongshan Park , etc.(6)環(huán)境保護(hù) a good en vir onment,

34、area polluti on, air polluti on, air quality sta ndard, An tarctic Circle, atmospheric chemistry, a heavy rain, a heavy snow, be polluted, be hot, be cold, be cool, be cloudy, be rainy, be sunny, be flooded, climate, carb on dioxide(CO2), chemical cha nge, chemical clea ning of coal, climate cha nge

35、, dirty, drought, dry, flood, early warning system, en vir onmen tal behavior, en vir onmen tal quality, feel comfortable, global warmi ng, minus 20 degrees centigrade(-20), 30 degrees above zero(3Q, sea level, warning center, wastes, water surface , water treatme nt, water polluti on con trol, weat

36、her, win dstorm , etc.三、典型例文 參考范文：Dear Jane,I am very glad to tell you something about our school, Guangdong No. 3 Middle school. It lies in a small town about 15 kilometres away from the sea and it has a history of over 80 years. Our school, covering an area of nearly 150 thousand square meters, ha

37、s more than 200 teachers and 3000 senior students It has three teaching build ings and six dormitory build in gs, with many flowers and tall trees all around, so it ' very beautiful. In our school we learn Chinese, maths, scienee, English, computer, PE, arts and some other subjects.We warmly wel

38、come you to visit our school in the summer holidays. Best wishes.Yours sin cerely, Li Hua參考范文:A brief Introduction of the Chinese Spring FestivalThe Chinese Spring Festival comes on the first day of the Chinese Lunar Year, which is usually in February. There is a name for each year, such as the dog,

39、 the mon key, the tiger or one of the twelve ani mals, and this year is the year of the pig.Before the New Year' Day, the Chinese people usually give their houses a good cleaning and on the last evening of the old year, all the members of a family will get together and have a big meal. On the fi

40、rst or second day of the new year, people usually go to visit their relatives and friends and give some lucky money to children.I wish you have a good time during the Spring Festival.參考范文th1.On July 27 2007, Friday, we 18 classmates, including John from Britain, Sinba from India and Keith from the U

41、SA, went to Lee Farm to help the farmers. We started off at 8 o' clockin the morning, and after an hour' sde on the bus, we walk ed for another 15 minutes. Lee Farm is about 60 kilometres northwest to our school. A few days ago it was hit by a strong torn ado, and many apples were blow n ont

42、o the ground, so we helped to pick up the apples and put the good ones in the baskets. We felt very tired after the work, but all of us thought it was a great help to the farmers.th2. Last Wednesday I gave a lecture about China' culture and history to the 7 stude nts from 9-11:30 in the morning.

43、 This is the first time I gave a less on, so I felt very nervous and great pressure. I presented for one and a half hours, introducing from the dynasties in ancient times to the revolutionary in recent times, but I spent a lot more time on present China, the renovation, the open policy and the econo

44、mic development. In the following hour we exchanged ideas and had a good discussion, but I was sorry to find that they knew little about China and raised a lot of strange questions. I think we need more cultural exchange of this kind, because we can get more practice and the foreign students can und

45、erstand more about China.廣東高考英語卷基礎(chǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)（系列3）第三講 如何寫圖表類說明文一、寫作指導(dǎo)圖表類作文一直是高考的熱點(diǎn)，其體裁可以是記敘文、議論文或說明文。本篇介紹 如何備考圖表類說明文。圖表類說明文要求根據(jù)圖示、表格等所給的信息，通過定義、描述、數(shù)字對(duì)比和分 類比較等方式，介紹圖表所顯示對(duì)象的特征，如形狀、構(gòu)造、性質(zhì)、變化、功能、因果 和方位等。圖表類說明文常見的話題有：產(chǎn)品介紹、地點(diǎn)描述、方位描寫、觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比、 變化分析、購(gòu)物指南和操作說明等。寫作這類文章需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1. 正確解讀表格，不能添加或遺漏信息。2. 寫作內(nèi)容要條理清楚，層次分明。說明 科技方面

46、的內(nèi)容常用定義法、比較對(duì)比 法、分類法和因果法等；說明自然環(huán)境方面的內(nèi)容常用時(shí)空次序法與分類法等。3. 說明文的語言要簡(jiǎn)練，用詞要準(zhǔn)確，避免夸張華麗的辭藻。4. 時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，語態(tài)常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，有時(shí)用虛擬語氣。二、常用句型1.介紹產(chǎn)品The compa ny has moder n equipme nt and lots of senior experts.This kind of product contains much top and new tech niq ue.It ' s convenient to carry and easy to operate.It '

47、;sboaut six feet long and nine feet high.It cost me 100 yuan to buy this dictionary.2. 介紹學(xué)校There were many subjects in our school, such as Chinese, history, drawing and so forth. Our school is located at the foot of a green hill.In the middle of the flower bed there is a fountain with many colored f

48、lowers around it.In front of the school is a beautiful garden with a library on its left and a laboratory on its right.At the back of the school are the students' dormitory and-htahlel, dininfnroinngt ofwhich lies the large sports field.The teacher 's dormitory stands between the teaching bu

49、ilding and the students dormitory.3行路指引It is not very difficult to find your way from the Dongfang Hotel to the railway station.When you get out of the station, turn left and walk down the street until you see the traffic lights.Turn right at the third turning, and you will see a post office at the

50、corner.Go eastward and you will see the museum opposite to the library.Bus No.2 will take you right there.It will take you about 10 minutes to get there by subway.4介紹地方Tiananmen Square, the largest square in the world, covers an area of one million square metres.Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong P

51、rovince, lies in the south of China.It has an area of 10,000 square kilometers with a population of over 2 million.It is rich in natural sources, such as coal, oil and gold.The weather is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer.Built in the18th century, the tower has witnessed too much comi

52、ng and going in history. 5新舊對(duì)比Our hometown used to be a beautiful place, with thick trees and green grass everywhere. Nowadays some students cannot go to college because of high tuition fees.Great changes have taken place in the past few years.It is known to us all that the living standard of the Ch

53、inese people has greatly improved. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in the past.6數(shù)量表達(dá)Output is up 30

54、% last year.Unemployment more than doubled in 1996.The population here is increasing year by year.According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.From the table we can see that the world population is increasing rapidly.The latest survey shows that qui

55、te a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provides them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.Statistics show a 20% rise (reduction) in traffic accidents compared with las

56、t year.Bicycle can 't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.三、實(shí)例分析【例文 1】父母為子女選擇小學(xué)的情況調(diào)查 最近學(xué)校研究性學(xué)習(xí)小組對(duì) 3000 多名年輕的父母做了一個(gè)調(diào)查，調(diào)查主題、結(jié)果 等內(nèi)容如下表所示，請(qǐng)用英文給校英文廣播站寫一篇簡(jiǎn)介，介紹調(diào)查的情況。寫作要求：1 簡(jiǎn)介必須包括圖表所給的全部?jī)?nèi)容；2 只能使用 5 個(gè)句子。參考范文：Recently a survey was done to investigate wh

57、at parents care most in choosing primary schools. The survey shows that location is the key factor in choosing schools for their children half of those interviewed said that being close to their homes was the most important factor in their choice.Teaching quality came second, with nearly 40% of the parents worrying about their children ' s future career. The survey also shows tha-tteonnthe of them expect that schools have advanced facilities.More than 3,000 parents were surveyed in the research.【例文 2】樓盤介紹 假設(shè)暑假你到某樓盤打工，正好有幾名外國(guó)客人想買一套公寓樓，公寓樓及其周邊 的一些基本信息如下。請(qǐng)書面用英文向