四元聚焦·英語(yǔ)——語(yǔ)法篇《對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練+綜合訓(xùn)練》第五節(jié)　名詞與主謂一致（含解析）

1、.第五節(jié)名詞與主謂一致考點(diǎn)一：名詞的分類1.We have only a sofa, a table and a bed in our new apartment. We need to buy _ more furniture.A. any B. manyC. little D. some【解析】D句意：在我們的新公寓里只有一張沙發(fā)、一張桌子和一張床，我們需要多買些家具。furniture 為不可數(shù)名詞，不能與many連用；應(yīng)用有肯定之意的some。2.Father went to his doctor for _ about his heart trouble.A. an advice B

2、. adviceC. advices D. the advices【解析】B句意：父親去看醫(yī)生，請(qǐng)教有關(guān)他的心臟病的事。advice為不可數(shù)名詞，不能用不定冠詞，也沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，故排除A、C、D。3.Tables are made of _.A. wood B. woodsC. wooden D. some woods【解析】A句意：桌子是由木頭做的。wood為物質(zhì)名詞，不可數(shù)，不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，排除B、D。wooden是形容詞，這里應(yīng)該選用名詞，故排除C。考點(diǎn)二：名詞的數(shù)1.You should do more _. Don't always sit at the desk busy d

3、oing your _.A. exercise；exercisesB. exercises；exerciseC. exercises；exercisesD. exercise；exercise【解析】A句意：你應(yīng)該多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，不要老坐在桌旁忙著做練習(xí)。exercise既能作可數(shù)名詞，意為“練習(xí)；又能作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“運(yùn)動(dòng)；鍛煉。2._ turn green in spring.A. Leaf B. LeafsC. Leavs D. Leaves 【解析】D句意：春天樹(shù)葉都變綠了。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。leaves是leaf的復(fù)數(shù)形式。3.By all _， you must try ever

4、y _ to help him. A. mean；mean B. means；meansC. means；mean D. mean；means【解析】B句意：無(wú)論如何，你必須用各種方法去幫他。by all means為習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“無(wú)論如何，后面的means 在這里作單數(shù)概念“方法。4.In fact, _ one cause that leads to the problem.A. cattle is B. cattle areC. cattles are D. the cattles are【解析】B句意：事實(shí)上，家畜是誘發(fā)那個(gè)問(wèn)題的一個(gè)原因。cattle為集合名詞，盡管它不帶復(fù)數(shù)詞尾

5、73;s，但永遠(yuǎn)表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，假設(shè)用作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)。考點(diǎn)三：名詞的所有格1.The old house belonged to _， but they decided to donate it to local school so that it could serve as classroom.A. Jack's and his brotherB. Jack's and his brother'sC. Jack and his brother'sD. Jack and his brother【解析】D句意：這座老房子是杰克和他哥哥的，但是他們決定把它捐給

6、當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰鶎W(xué)校作為教室。belong to 意為“屬于，在意義上相當(dāng)于所有格，故兩個(gè)并列名詞均不用所有格形式。2._ are polishing up their Spanish because they will go on a vacation to Spain this summer holiday.A. The Turner B. The Turner'sC. The Turners D. The Turners'【解析】C句意：特納一家正在補(bǔ)習(xí)西班牙語(yǔ)，因?yàn)樗麄兘衲晔罴僖轿靼嘌廊ザ燃?。“the姓氏名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示“一家人或夫婦二人，故C項(xiàng)正確。3._ car br

7、oke down on the way, but luckily they knew how to fix it.A. Tom's and Jane's B. Tom's and JaneC. Tom and Jane's D. Tom and Jane【解析】C句意：湯姆和珍妮的車在路上壞了，但幸運(yùn)的是他們知道如何修理。從被修飾詞car 為單數(shù)可以看出是“湯姆和珍妮共有的，只能在最后一個(gè)名詞上加所有格符號(hào)，應(yīng)選C。而A項(xiàng)表示“湯姆和珍妮各自所擁有的，要與復(fù)數(shù)cars連用才可以?？键c(diǎn)五：主謂一致1.As far as I'm concerned, fil

8、ms of this kind _ not worth seeing at all.A. does B. isC. do D. are【解析】D句意：在我看來(lái)，這種電影根本不值得觀看。of this kind只是修飾語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是films，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。be worth doing表示“值得做。2.“Occupy Wall Street protests, which started in New York in mid­September and _ to dozens of US cities, have shown the anger of Americans over

9、 the economic problems. A. has spread B. will spreadC. have spread D. had spread 【解析】C句意：“占領(lǐng)華爾街運(yùn)動(dòng)是9月中旬在紐約發(fā)起的，已經(jīng)蔓延到了很多美國(guó)城市，這些抗議說(shuō)明了美國(guó)人對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題的憤怒。本句的主語(yǔ)是protests，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，空格處表示的是對(duì)如今造成的影響，因此用如今完成時(shí)。3.The number of traffic accidents that _ in our country _ still increasing.A. happen；is B. happens；isC. happe

10、n；are D. happens；are【解析】A句意：發(fā)生在我國(guó)的交通故事的數(shù)量照舊在增加?！皌he number of復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，故第二空用is；that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾traffic accidents，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。4.The famous expert together with three other experienced climbers _ at the top of the Everest so far.A. have arrived B. has arrivedC. are arriving D. is arriving

11、 【解析】B句意：這位著名的專家和其他3個(gè)經(jīng)歷豐富的登山者目前已經(jīng)到達(dá)了珠穆朗瑪峰的最高點(diǎn)。together with連接兩個(gè)名詞，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞跟together with前面的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式一致。根據(jù)so far可知，此處應(yīng)用如今完成時(shí)，應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。5.Every possible means _ already tried, but the miners are still trapped underground.A. were B. wasC. has been D. have been【解析】C句意：每一種可能的方法都已經(jīng)試過(guò)了，但是礦工們?nèi)匀槐焕г诘叵隆eans的單復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣，結(jié)

12、合句中的Every可知謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式，再結(jié)合already和后半句中的時(shí)態(tài)可知用如今完成時(shí)。6.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A. is B. areC. am D. be【解析】B句意：不只是我，就連簡(jiǎn)和瑪麗也討厭沒(méi)完沒(méi)了的考試。but also后為Jane and Mary，是復(fù)數(shù)，離謂語(yǔ)近，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞該用復(fù)數(shù)形式are。試比較：Not only Jane and Mary but also I am tired of having one exa

13、mination after another.1.The students in our school each _ an English dictionary.A. have B. hasC. had D. are having【解析】A句意：我們學(xué)校的每個(gè)學(xué)生都有一本英語(yǔ)字典。主語(yǔ)為the students, 所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。each在本句中為同位語(yǔ)。比較：Each of the students in our school has an English dictionary.2.Nobody in our office but Lily and Lisa _ the confere

14、nce to be held next Sunday.A. have attended B. has attendedC. are to attend D. is to attend 【解析】D句意：我們辦公室里除了莉莉和利薩之外沒(méi)有人要去參加在下周日舉行的會(huì)議。next Sunday說(shuō)明句子需要使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，故排除A、B；由介詞but連接兩個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于but前面的名詞短語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)情況，故此題的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。3.Large amounts of medicine _ sent to the flood­stricken area in t

15、he last few days.A. were B. wasC. has been D. have been【解析】D句意：在過(guò)去的幾天里，大量的藥物已經(jīng)被送到洪災(zāi)區(qū)。在使用了短句in the last few days的句子中常常用如今完成時(shí)態(tài)；短語(yǔ) large huge, good, great amounts of意為“許多，大量的，后接不可數(shù)名詞，修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)；“a large great, good amount of不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。4.It is reported that many a new house _ at present in

16、the disaster area.A. are being built B. were being builtC. was being built D. is being built【解析】D句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，如今許多新房屋正在災(zāi)區(qū)興建。由at present可知本句要用如今進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)，而當(dāng)“many a 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。5.Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.A. is B. areC. has D. have【解析】C句意：在搖

17、滾音樂(lè)會(huì)上聽(tīng)嘈雜的音樂(lè)造成一些青少年聽(tīng)力受損。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。根據(jù)句法構(gòu)造，此處應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。6.The village is far away from here indeed. It's _ walk.A. a four hour B. a four hour'sC. a four­hours D. a four hours'【解析】D句意：那個(gè)村離這里確實(shí)遠(yuǎn)，步行要4個(gè)小時(shí)。four hours后有名詞，要用名詞所有格，作名詞walk的定語(yǔ)。7.Where is your brother?At _.A. Mr. Green's

18、 B. Mr. GreenC. the Mr. Green's D. the Mr. Green【解析】A句意：你兄弟在哪里？在格林先生家。相當(dāng)于At Mr. Green's house。8.It's said that an iron and steel works, with some big stores, _ to be built here quite soon.A. was B. wereC. is D. are【解析】C句意：據(jù)說(shuō)一座鋼鐵廠連同一些大商店將很快在此建成。根據(jù)前面的冠詞an可知該主語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式。with some big store

19、s只是介賓短語(yǔ)作修飾語(yǔ)，對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式無(wú)影響，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。又根據(jù)soon可知用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。9.Studying for six years in the middle school _ greatly beneficial to you and all the subjects taught in class _ basic tools for your future life.A. is；are B. is；isC. are；are D. are；is【解析】A句意：在中學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)6年對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是非常有益的；課堂上教授的所有科目對(duì)你將來(lái)的生活來(lái)說(shuō)都是根本的工具。前一個(gè)分句的主語(yǔ)Stud

20、ying for six years in the middle school是一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，視為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)；后一個(gè)分句的主語(yǔ)all the subjects是復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面的動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。10.Some equipment as well as a number of maps and books _ to the area since the earthquake occurred.A. has been offered B. have been offeredC. is being offered D. are being offered【解析】A句意：自從地震發(fā)生以來(lái)

21、，人們已經(jīng)給這個(gè)地區(qū)提供了一些設(shè)備和大量的地圖、書(shū)籍。equipment是一個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)形式。含有since的句子要使用完成時(shí)態(tài)，應(yīng)選擇A項(xiàng)。11.A single pipeline _ all the houses with water.A. is served B. servesC. are serving D. serve【解析】B句意：只有一條管道給這里所有的房子供水。pipeline“管道。主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，故后面動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式；它與serve之間是主謂關(guān)系，要使用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故空格處填serves。12.To little Mike's surprise, l

22、ying on the desk _ some of his favorite toy cars he had longed for.A. are B. wasC. were D. is【解析】C句意：令小邁克驚訝的是，他一直希望得到的最喜歡的一些玩具汽車正擺在這個(gè)桌子上。本句正常的語(yǔ)序是：To little Mike's surprise, some of his favorite toy cars he had longed for were lying on the desk. “some of his favorite toy cars是句子的主語(yǔ)；“he had longed

23、 for是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾cars；再根據(jù)句子意思可知，應(yīng)該選C項(xiàng)。13.Liu Wei is the only one of the pianists who _ the piano without his hands in the world.A. plays B. have playedC. play D. has played【解析】A句意：劉偉是世界上唯一不用雙手彈奏鋼琴的鋼琴師。在“one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞定語(yǔ)從句中假如 one 前有the only /very /right等修飾詞，定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。因描繪的是一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。14.The police _ fo

24、r the wolf when it suddenly appeared in small farm yard.A. has been searchingB. have been searchingC. were searchingD. was searching 【解析】C句意：警察正在尋找那條狼，這時(shí)它突然出如今一個(gè)農(nóng)家小院。police是復(fù)數(shù)集合名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。本句是sb. was doing sth. when句型，表示“某人正在做某事，這時(shí)。15.So far so good. All _ present and all _ going on well.A. is；are

25、B. is；isC. are；is D. are；are【解析】C句意：到目前為止一切很好。所有的人都在場(chǎng)，而且一切進(jìn)展順利。前一個(gè)all 指的是所有的人，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；后一個(gè)all 指的是一切事情，因此用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。16.More than one student, along with some parents, _ quizzed for information on the reference book so far.A. was B. wereC. have been D. has been【解析】D句意：到目前為止，不止一個(gè)學(xué)生，還有一些家長(zhǎng)被問(wèn)及有關(guān)參考書(shū)的信息。句中

26、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) so far 說(shuō)明用如今完成時(shí)態(tài)，排除A、B。 “Xwith/along with/together with/as well as/rather than/as much as/but/exceptY作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)與X在數(shù)上保持一致。又 more than one修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，應(yīng)選D。 17.Miss Smith is a friend of _.A. Mary's mother's B. Mary's motherC. mother's of Mary D. Marys mother's 【解析】A句

27、意：史密斯小姐是瑪麗母親的一位朋友。根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)用名詞雙重所有格表達(dá)“部分概念，即“瑪麗母親的朋友中的一個(gè)朋友。18.Buried in Stratford­upon­Avon _ the remains of Shakespeare, _ in the center of England.A. was；locating B. was；locatedC. were；locating D. were；located【解析】D句意：莎士比亞的遺體就埋葬在坐落于英格蘭中心的埃文河畔斯特拉特福鎮(zhèn)。句子正常語(yǔ)序是：The remains of Shakespeare _ buried

28、 in Stratford­upon­Avon, _ in the center of England. 句子的主語(yǔ)是the remains, 用作復(fù)數(shù)；be located是固定短語(yǔ)，表示“坐落于。19.Many a company _ to help the peasant worker since his deeds were reported.A. has been offered B. have been offeredC. has offered D. have offered【解析】C句意：自從那個(gè)農(nóng)民工的事跡被報(bào)道后，很多公司主動(dòng)提出幫助他。“many a

29、單數(shù)名詞表示“很多，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。company與offer之間是主謂關(guān)系，又由since從句可知應(yīng)用如今完成時(shí)，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。20.Forty percent of the land in the village _ been flooded and the majority of the villagers _ moved to safe places.A. has；has B. have；hasC. has；have D. have；have【解析】C句意：整個(gè)村莊40%的土地被洪水吞沒(méi)，大部分村民已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到平安的地方?！胺?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)of名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與短語(yǔ)中of

30、后的名詞的數(shù)保持一致，the land是不可數(shù)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。the majority of the villagers表達(dá)復(fù)數(shù)意義，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。所以選C項(xiàng)。21.Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers _ to ten Hope Schools in South China.A. were sent B. was sentC. have sent D. had been sent 【解析】B句意：一些現(xiàn)代化的教學(xué)設(shè)備連同成百上千臺(tái)電腦被送到了華南的10所希望學(xué)校。本句的主語(yǔ)是equipment，是不可數(shù)名詞，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，因此D項(xiàng)不恰當(dāng)。22.What the remote areas need most _ education to children and what the children need _ good textbook