02于老師情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專題

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)（I）關(guān)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞我們要知道1沒(méi)有人稱，數(shù)的變化2不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，必須與不定式一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)一：can與could用法1. 能力：can表示現(xiàn)在的能力，could表示過(guò)去的一般能力；be able to有更多的形式， 其中 was/were able to表示過(guò)去的具體能力（即實(shí)施了過(guò)去某一具體的行為），相當(dāng)于man aged to do.翻譯句子，并說(shuō)出句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的含義He could speak four foreign Ianguages when he was young, but now he can speak only one.There was a big fi

2、re in the house, but he was able to escape. I am starvi ng to death. I can eat two bowls of rice now.If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem. 2. 許可：can可以代替 may表示許可，could可以代替 might表示許可，cannot表示不可以。Can I use your mobile phone for a call?He asked me if he could take the book

3、 out of the library.在疑問(wèn)句中可以用 could/might表示更加委婉的語(yǔ)氣。例如:Could/Might I ask you someth in g, if you are not too busy?Yes, you can/may .No, I m afraid notcannoteno ugh 無(wú)論怎樣 也不過(guò)分cant+比較級(jí) 再不過(guò)了can not too / cannot eno ugh3. 習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)：cannottoo無(wú)論怎樣也不過(guò)分Cannot help doing情不自禁做某事翻譯句子：當(dāng)你過(guò)馬路的時(shí)候，你再小心也不為過(guò)。分別用那部電影再糟糕不過(guò)了。 這

4、姑娘忍不住哭了。 3. 推測(cè)：詳見(jiàn)第3張學(xué)案考點(diǎn)二： may 與 might用法1. 許可：請(qǐng)求別人允許自己做某事，might比may的語(yǔ)氣委婉；自己允許別人做某事，通常用may而不用might。-May/Might I take this magazine out? -Yes, you may. / No, you mustn t.2. 習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)：may well 很可能may/might as well 最好，不妨 Maydo/be.祝愿 翻譯句子：你很可能是對(duì)的 我們不妨去看一下吧愿你天天有進(jìn)步 3. 推測(cè)：詳見(jiàn)第3張學(xué)案考點(diǎn)三： must與 have to用法1. must表必須，用于

5、肯定句和疑問(wèn)句；。表示 偏偏，偏要2. must與have to區(qū)別：must表示主觀愿望或要求；have to表示客觀所迫，意為不得不”must nt表示禁止，千萬(wàn)不要；do n t have to =n eed n t 不必翻譯句子，并說(shuō)出句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的含義Just whe n we were ready to go away for holidays, the baby must catch a cold.There is no bus here, and you have to go on foot.Because it is Sun day today, we don thave t

6、o go to school.Must I go at once?No, you n eed n t.The child is sleeping. You mustn make any noise.即學(xué)即練單項(xiàng)選擇1. Doctors say that exercise is importa nt for health, but itbe regular exercise.A canB willC mustD may2. I have told you the truth.I keep repeati ng it? A Must B Can C May D Will3. You park he

7、re! It s an emergency exit. A wouldn tB neednt C couldn t D mustn t4. Just be patient. You expect the world to change so soon. A can tB neednt C may not D will not5. You buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A mustB mustn t C have to D don htave to6. I take the book out? I m afraid not. A willB Ma

8、y C Must D Need7. One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. A needB mustC shouldD can8. I can t leave. She told me that I _ stay here until she comes back. A can B must C will D may9. Naturally , after I told her what to do, my dau

9、ghter go and do the opposite!A may B can C mustD should10. Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? Thank you. A It couldn tbe betterB Of course you can C If you likeD It sup to you.考點(diǎn)四 shall 用法0. 用作助動(dòng)詞，表示單純的將來(lái)，用于第一人稱I shall ring you up as soon as I arrive.1. 表示征求意見(jiàn) 。在疑問(wèn)句中，用于一、三人稱Shall I do

10、the cleaning? Shall the boy wait outside or come inside?2. 表示說(shuō)話者威脅、命令、警告、承諾用于二、三人稱You shall remain here until all your papers are collected. You shall get the ticket tomorrow.3. 在條約、規(guī)定、法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定，意為應(yīng) , 必須，用于第三人稱Persons under 18 shant be employed in night work.翻譯句子，并說(shuō)出句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的含義1.If he passes the e

11、xamination, he shall have a holiday. 2.Shall I carry your luggage for you? 3. If you won tdo as I tell you, you shan tgo to the party. 4. According to the regulation, every player shall wear a number. 考點(diǎn)五 should 與 ought to 用法用作單純將來(lái)的助動(dòng)詞時(shí)， should 是 shall 的過(guò)去式。但用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)， should 意為：1. should/ought to 表示勸

12、告或建議，意為“ 應(yīng)該 ” should/ought to have done 本應(yīng)該做某事2. should/ought to 表示按常規(guī)的推測(cè)，意為“ 按理應(yīng)當(dāng)，據(jù)估計(jì) ”3. should 表示“ 竟然 ”4. should 用于條件句中 表示“ 萬(wàn)一 ”主句可虛擬也可真實(shí)。翻譯句子，并說(shuō)出句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的含義The boys shouldn tbe playing football. They should be at school. You shouldn t have entered the teachers office without permission. It is stra

13、nge that it should be so hot today. Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting will/would be put off. It s 4:30. They should be in New York by now. 考點(diǎn)六 will 與 would 用法will 除用作助動(dòng)詞表示單純將來(lái)，還可充當(dāng)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，含義如下：1. 習(xí)慣：“老是，總是 ” 2.功能或傾向性 3.表示意愿“ 要 ” 4. 請(qǐng)求：在疑問(wèn)句中 用于第二人稱 。5. will/won t 表示 對(duì)祈使句的回答 。1. Write to me when you g

14、et home. I will 2.I will do my best to help you. 3. Every evening they will play chess together 4. The door won t open 5. Will/would you please give me a message when you see him? would 與 will 相似： 1.表 過(guò)去將來(lái) 2. 用于 第二人稱疑問(wèn)句表有禮貌的請(qǐng)求 ，比 will 委婉3. 表示 過(guò)去的習(xí)慣 4. 表意愿，“要 ”Whenever he was angry, he would walk out

15、 of the room. He told us that he would meet us at the airport. We all tried to stop him smoking in bed but he wouldn t listen 即學(xué)即練 單項(xiàng)選擇1. I haven tgot the reference book yet, but I will have a test on the subject next month.Don t worry. You have it by Friday. A could B shall C must D may2. I don t c

16、are what people think. Well, you . A could B would C should D might3. what does the sign over there read? “No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area. ”A will B may C shallD must4. It has been announced that candidates remain in their seats until all the papers have bee

17、n collected.A can B will C may D shall5. If their marketing plans succeed, they their sales by 20 percent.A will increase B have been increasing C have increased D would be increasing6. We had to make the corrections by hand as the computer do them for us.A mightn tB needntC shouldn tD wouldn t7. Wh

18、en you ve finished with that book, don t forget to put if back on the shelf, ?A do you B don tyou C will you D won tyou8. Sir, you be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.A oughtn ttoB can tC won tD neednt9. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he a

19、 goal.A had scored B scored C would score D would have scored10. you need any help, you can always phone me at the office. A Would B Should C Shall D May考點(diǎn)七： need 與 dare 用法 ：兩者既可用作 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 也可用作 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不受句式限制，疑否句時(shí)要用助動(dòng)詞 do/does/did作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化（dare的過(guò)去式dared）,直接接動(dòng)詞原形，只用于疑否句注意：I dare say習(xí)慣

20、用語(yǔ)，意為我想，大概”dare當(dāng)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，疑否句中to可省 need 作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，后接 n./pron./to do/ ; need doing =need to be done.翻譯句子，并說(shuō)出句中 need 或 dare 是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞還是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，以及含義1. He darentcross the river. 2. How dare you ask me such a question?3.He dares to cross the river. 4. He doesntdare （ to） cross the river. 5.He doesntneed to do it. 6. He

21、needntdo it. 7. The floor needs cleaning. _即學(xué)即練：1. You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.D needntcomingD need to repairC not dare say D dared sayA needntto comeB dontneed comeC don tneed coming2. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the

22、 area .A need repairingB needs to repairC needs repairing3. You ve coem just in time to help us. Fine, What needs ?A I doB doneC to be doneD shouldn t4. I wonder how he that to the teacher.A dare to say B dare saying情 態(tài) 動(dòng) 詞 考 點(diǎn)（ II ）考點(diǎn)一 can/could 表推測(cè)1. can 用于肯定句 , 意為“ 有時(shí)候會(huì) ”Even experienced teachers

23、 can make mistakes.2. could 用于肯定句 , 表示具體的現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事情的可能性。Peter could go to London this weekend, but I doubt it.3. cant/couldn t 用于否定句，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，意為“不可能 ”He cant/couldnt have seen her there.4. can/could用于疑問(wèn)句，表示懷疑，意為 能是么” Where can he be? Can it be Mr. Wan g?考點(diǎn)二 may/might表推測(cè)或許，可能” might比may更加不肯定1. 用于肯定句：He may/

24、might be writing a letter now.2. 用于否定句：意為 可能不/或許不”It may/might not be true.考點(diǎn)三 must表推測(cè)用于肯定句，表示有把握的推測(cè)，意為一定，否定形式是 cant/couldn You have nteate n anything since morning; you must be hun gry.You can have seen him at the party last nigh. I saw him off at the airport.考點(diǎn)四 should/ought to表推測(cè)意為按理應(yīng)當(dāng)”It s7 oclo

25、ck. Hack should be here at any moment.He ought to succeed, as he is so dilige nt.翻譯句子，并說(shuō)出句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的含義1. He must be wait ing for us at the school gate.2. Every one can make a mistake.3. Can it be true? No, it can be true.4. Helen may go on the trip with us, but she isn quite sure yet.5. The World Wide W

26、eb is sometimes joki ngly called the world wide wait because it can be very slow.6. How Cyour tour around the Norh Lake? Is it beautiful? -t should be, but it is now heavily polluted. _7. Is Joh n coming by train? He should, but he may not. He likes drivi ng his car.即學(xué)即練：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇1. -Good morning. I Ce g

27、ot an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.-Ah, good morning. Yoube Mrs. Peters. A might B must C would D can2. Youhave a wrong number, she said, Theres no one of that name here.”A n eedB can C must D would3. Jack described his father, whoa brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wi

28、lled man.A would be B would have bee n C must be D must have bee n4. Ihave watched that movie-it Cl give me horrible dreams.A shouldn B neednCC couldn D mustn C5. -Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn finish the assignment yesterday.Oh, youhave done it as yesterday was the deadline. A must B mustn C shoul

29、d D shouldn 6. It is importa nt to know about the cultural differe nces thatcause problems.A mustB dareC n eedD may7. The traffic is heavy these days. Iarrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?A canB mustC n eedD might8. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? Therebe twelve. A should B

30、 would C will D shall9. Peterbe really difficult at times even though he a nice person in general.A shallB shouldC canD must10. He must be help ing the old man to water the flowers,? A is he B isn the C must he D must n he11. Youto the meet ing this after noon if you have someth ing importa nt to do

31、.A n eed n to comeB don n eed comeC don n eed coming D n eed n come12. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildi ngs in the area.A n eed repairi ngB n eeds to repair C n eeds repairi ngd n eed to repair13. I won der how hethat to the teacher. A dare to say B dare say ing C not dare

32、say D dared say考點(diǎn)五：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done/been用法歸納：表示過(guò)去或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情（有時(shí)帶過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）aux.+ have don e/bee n用法例句must have done（用于肯定句）一定做過(guò)某事否疋式為： can t/couldn thave doneIt must have rained last night for the road is quite muddy.can/could have done（用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句）意為：可能做過(guò)某事么？不可能做過(guò)某事Can he have gone to his aun ts?He cannot have

33、 forgotte n it.He could not have done such a thing.may/might have done（用于冃疋句或否疋句）意為：可能做 過(guò)某事；可能沒(méi)做過(guò)某事He may not have fini shed the work.He might have gone to bed.could have done（用于肯定句）意為：本來(lái)能做The driver could have avoided the accide nt.might have done（用于肯定句）意為：本可以做You might have written the letter with

34、out my reminding you of it.should/ought to have done1. 過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做某事2. 按理應(yīng)該已經(jīng)做某事You shouldn have left home without a word.They left here early and should have arrived by now.needn t have done本不必做某事（做了）It is not cold today. I needn have taken the sweater out.didn t need to do sth過(guò)去不必做某事（沒(méi)做）It is not cold

35、today. I didn tneed to take the sweater out.would rather ( not) have done寧愿做過(guò)（沒(méi)做過(guò)）某事I raised object ions at the meeti ng, but now I would rather have done that.考點(diǎn)六：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞疑問(wèn)句意義及其答語(yǔ)的歸納與比較1. Could/Might/May/Can I(we)?2. Could/Can you ?3. Would/Will you(please) do ?4. Must 1 ?5. Need I ？6. Shall I ?Yes, y

36、ou can/may./Certainly.No, you mustn t/can Yes/Of course, I can.Of course I will.Yes, you must.No, you needn t/donhave toYes, you must.No, you needn t/don have toNo, you needn t/You better not. No, you can mustn 7.句式：How can you?你怎么能 ？表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某事疑問(wèn)How/Why should +主語(yǔ)?怎么、為什么竟然 ？表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某事驚訝，不解 How dare you?

37、 你怎么敢 ？課堂訓(xùn)練：1. -Guess what! I have got A for my term paper. -Great! You read widely and put a lot of work into it.A mustB shouldC must have D should have2. Sorry I late. I have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A mightB shouldC canD will3. -The woma n biologist stayed in Africa

38、 study ing wild an imals for 13 years before she returned.-Oh, dear! Shea lot of difficulties.A may go through B might go through C ought to have gone through D must have gone through4. I was on the highway whe n this car went past followed by a police car. Theyat least 150 kilometers an hour.A shou

39、ld have bee n doingB must have bee n doing C could have done D would have done5. Mr. Whiteat 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn show up.A should have arrived B should arrive C should have had arrived D should be arrivi ng6. Heyou more help, eve n though he was very busy.A might have give n B might gi

40、ve C may have give nD may give7. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps Ihave drive n her there.A couldB mustC might D should8. My cat s really fat. You have given her so much food.A wouldn tB couldn tC shouldn tD mustnt9. He paid for a seat, when he have entered free. A couldB woul

41、d C must D need10. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A should have taken B could have taken C neednt have taken D mustn t have taken.11. May I ask a question after class, Sir? -, but not during my lunch break.A I m sorryB Anytime C Certainly D Go

42、 ahead12. Must he come to sign this paper himself? Yes, he . A need B must C mayD will13. Could I call by your first name? Yes, you . A will B could C may D might14. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you . A might B will C can D should15. Must I come before 6 in the morning? No, you .A

43、not have to B havent toC dont have toD haven t16. Shall I tell John about it? No, you . I ve told him already.A neednt B wouldn t C mustnt D shouldn t17. Will you stay for lunch? Sorry, . My brother is coming to see me.A mustn tB I can tC I needn tD I won t18. Mum, I ve been studying English since 8

44、 o clock. _No, I m afraid not. Besides, it s raining outside now.A Can tB wouldn tC May not高考鏈接I go out and play with Tom for a while?1. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I donA. can manageB. could have managed2. Peter _ be really difficult at times even though he A. shall B. shouldD Won t

45、2009 年高考試題t think weC. could manageC.canin without you.D. can have managed s a nice person in general.D. must3. You _ be hungry already-you had lunch only two hours ago!D. needn tA. wouldn tB. can tC. mustn t4. -I m sorry. I at you the other day. -Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shou

46、ldn t shout B. shouldn t have shouted C. mustn t shout D. mustn t have shouted5. She _ have left school, for her bike is still there.A. can t B. wouldn t C. shouldn t D. needn t6. Liza _ well not want to go to the tripshe hates traveling.A. willB. can C. must D. may7. According to the air traffic ru

47、les, you switch off your mobile phone before boarding.A. may B. can C. would D. should8. I can t find my purse anywhere.-You have lost it while shopping.A. mayB. can C. should D. would9. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometimes.A. must B. can C. should D. would10

48、. Although this sound like a simple task, great care is needed.A. mustB. may C. shall D. should11. You don t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You find the book by the title.A. mustB. need C. can D. would12. What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ better.A. need h

49、ave doneB. must have done C. can have doneD. might have done13. John promised his doctor he not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since.A. mightB. should C. could D. would14. -What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?-Well, it be big- that s not important.A. mustn t B. needn t C. can

50、t D. won t15. - How s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?-It be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. willB. would C. should D. must16. he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.A. IfB. Since C. Though D. When17. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you _ take

51、 care of your luggage.A. can B. may C. must D. will18. -What do you think we can do for our aged parents?-You do anything except to be with them and be yourself.A. don t have toB. oughtn t toC. mustn t D. can t19. My MP4 player isn t in my bag. Where _ I have put it?A. can B. must C. should D. would

52、20. -What does the sign over there read?- “ No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”A. willB. may C. shall D. must21. -She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam. -I guess so. It is not difficult after all.A. should B. could C. must D. might22. -Where is my

53、dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. -You it in the wrong place.A. must putB. should have putC. might putD. might have put23. The teacher have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn t have wasted time on him, I suppose.A. should B. can C. wouldD. must24. -Turn off the TV, Jack. _ your

54、 homework now?-Mum, just ten more minutes, please.A. S hould you be doingB. Shouldn t you be doing C. Couldn t you be doing D. Will you be doing25. There s no ligh-t-othney _ be at home.A. can t B. mustn t C. needn tD. shouldn t26. -What is the name? -Khulaifi. I spell that for you?A. Shall B. Would

55、 C. Can D. Might27. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years .A. needn t B. may not C. shouldn t D. mustn t28. -Mr Gorden asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon . Don t you forget it! OK, I _.A. won t B. don t C. will D. do29. -Must he come to sign this paper himself? Yes, he .A. needB. must C. may D. will30. The weather turned out to be fine yesterd