八年級英語下冊知識點歸納牛津英語

1、 8B Unit 1 Past and presentpast n. 意為“過去” in the past 過去（過去時） in the past few years 在過去的幾年中 present n. 現(xiàn)在，目前 at present 目前 n.禮物in the future 未來；將來 Comic strip Welcome to the unit1、 It was in the bowl an hour ago一個小時之前在碗里的 an hour ago 一小時前 in the bowl在碗里2. Ive just eaten it.我剛才把它吃了。 (eat-ate-eaten) j

2、ust adv. 意為“剛才” 常與完成時連用。 他們剛剛到達(dá)。 They have just arrived.注意：just now 意為“剛才”，相當(dāng)于“a moment ago”通常與一般過去時連用。我剛才去了圖書館。I went to the library just now. 3. You used to share food with me! 你過去常與我分享食物！l used to do sth. 意為“過去常常做某事”，表示過去的習(xí)慣。本身已是過去時態(tài)，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，暗含現(xiàn)在已不再如此。 1) 他的父母過去住在鄉(xiāng)下。 His pare2nts used to live i

3、n the countryside.2) Tom 過去常常早起，不是嗎？ Tom used to get up early, didnt he?/ usednt he?l be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事 My father is used to reading newspapers after dinner.l be used to do 被用來做 A pen is used to write with.筆是用來寫的。l share sth. with sb.和.分享 4. You used to be so kind to me. 你過去對我那么好。 be kind

4、to sb. 對友好 5. go to school by bike = ride a bike to school 騎自行車去學(xué)校6. It took a long time to wait for the next one. 等下一輛公共汽車要花費很長時間。wait for the next one 等下一輛車 7. go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the bus 乘公交車去學(xué)校Reading8. know sunshine town very well 對陽光鎮(zhèn)很了解 knowvery well 非常了

5、解 9. since I was born自我出生以來 be born 出生 since 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，不可與so連用。 10. move house 搬家11. live in the northern part of town住在城鎮(zhèn)的北部 south南方southern南部的 east東部eastern東部的 west western north northernto the north of 在北面（范圍之外） in the north of 在北部（范圍之內(nèi)）on the north of 在北邊（接壤） Our school is to the north of the tim

6、es supermarket .我們學(xué)校在時代超市北面。Beijing is in the north of China.北京在中國北部。Shandong is on the north of Jiangsu.山東位于江蘇北面。 12. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and weve lived in this area since then. get married 結(jié)婚 get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb. 和某人結(jié)婚 marry s

7、b. to sb.把某人嫁給某人 move two blocks away 搬到兩個街區(qū)以外 since then 從那以后13. change a lot改變許多 14. over the years 在這些年期間(現(xiàn)在完成時)15. in the town centre= in the centre of the town在鎮(zhèn)中心 16. turninto 把變成 Heat turns water into vapor .熱使水變成蒸氣。Turn this sentence into English. turn on打開 turn off關(guān) turn up調(diào)高 turn down調(diào)低 tu

8、rn around轉(zhuǎn)身 by turns輪流地 in turn依次 turn in 上交 Its ones turn to do sth.17. a steel factory 一家鋼鐵廠 water pollution水污染 air pollution空氣污染 noise pollution噪音污染 18. put the waste into the river把廢料扔進河 put away 收好 put on 穿上 put off 推遲/延期19. realize the problem意識到問題19. take action to improve the situation采取行動改善

9、情況 20. much cleaner 干凈得多 21. in some ways 在某種程度上 in this way以這種方式 on the way (to )在的路上 by the way 順便說下 no way 沒門 in any way 無論如何 22. have a beautiful modern town擁有一個美麗現(xiàn)代化的城鎮(zhèn) 23. most of my old friends 我的大多數(shù)老朋友 24.move away 搬走 25. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.I

10、t is necessary for us to study English hard. It is kind of you to help us.若形容詞是描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的，如kind，good，nice，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.。若形容詞僅僅是描述事物,用for sb.， difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。see each other as often as before和過去一樣頻繁的見到彼此 26. play cards and Chinese che

11、ss 打牌，下中國象棋 27. feel a bit lonely from time to time 有時感到有點孤 feel a bit lonely 感到有點孤單 from time to time=at times=sometimes有時 abit和alittle “稍微”、“有點” ,修飾形容詞、副詞。在肯定句中可以互換. alittle 直接修飾不可數(shù)名詞;而abit修飾名詞時,其后須加上of,構(gòu)成“abitof+n.”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如: HeknowsabitofFrench. abit和alittle的否定式意義正好相反。notabit=notatall,意為“毫不”;而notali

12、ttle=verymuch,意為“非?！?“很”。例如: Heisnotabittired.他一點不累。 Heisnotalittletired.他很累。 a few/few用在復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，little/a little用在不可數(shù)名詞之前。 Hetookafewbiscuits.(肯定 ) Hetookfewbiscuits(否定) Hetookalittlebutter.(肯定) Hetooklittlebutter.(否定) 28. the amazing changes 令人驚奇的改變 29. because of being alone 因為獨自一人. lonely, alone

13、的區(qū)別：lonely作表語，表示心靈內(nèi)部的孤獨寂寞,lonely修飾地點時，意：“荒涼的，偏僻的”。alone指單獨、獨自的意思，作表語。例如：He is alone, but he never feels lonely.30. a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道兩邊全是高樓 31. all ones life 一生 Grammar32. repair over ten bicycles 修十多輛自行車 33.the changes in Beijing北京的變化 34. over the past century上個世紀(jì)期間 35

14、.learn more about更多了解關(guān)于 36 hear about/of 聽說 hear from sb. 收到某人來信 37. plan to do sth.計劃做某事 Integrated skills38. clean and fresh air干凈新鮮空氣 39.living condition居住環(huán)境 40. railway station火車站 41. travel to and from the town by bus乘公交進出城鎮(zhèn) 42. another big change 另一個大變化 43. move into new flats搬進新的公寓 move out o

15、f搬出44. return from the USA 從美國回來 return sth. to sb. 把某物歸還給某人45. go abroad 出國，去國外 at home or abroad在國內(nèi)外46. at primary school 在小學(xué) 47.keep in touch with each other互相保持聯(lián)絡(luò) municate by email 通過電子郵件交流 49.make communication much easier使溝通更容易 communicate with sb.和某人保持聯(lián)系Study Skills50. be/get used to (doing)

16、sth 習(xí)慣于（干）某事 get used to the changes of life 習(xí)慣了生活的變化51. take place發(fā)生（有目的有計劃的）、舉行 happen發(fā)生(偶然發(fā)生)52. green hills all around 到處都是綠山 53. a river runs through the centre of town 一條小河穿過鎮(zhèn)中心54. on ones own = by oneself = alone獨自Task 55、throw rubbish扔垃圾 56、in some large open spaces在一些大的開闊的地方57、in their free

17、 time 在他們業(yè)余時間 58、travel around the town在鎮(zhèn)里轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)59、have their own cars= have cars of their own有他們自己的汽車60.narrow and dirty roads 又窄又臟的公路 61.wide and clean streets寬闊而干凈的街道 62.green trees on both sides兩邊綠樹 63.enjoy a comfortable life享受舒服的生活 Unit 2 TravellingComic strip & Welcome to the unit詞組：1. go to sp f

18、or a/ones holiday去某地度假 go to South Hill for my holiday be on holiday在度假2. have been to sp去過某地（已經(jīng)回來） Have you ever been to Beijing? 你曾經(jīng)去過北京嗎？ have gone to sp去了某地（還沒回來） He has gone to Shanghai 已經(jīng)去了上海3. join sb in doing sth加入某人去做某事 join us/you 4. get ready for sth. 為做好準(zhǔn)備 get ready to do sth.5. I am get

19、ting all my things. 我正在收拾東西。6. take the bag拿上包 take sth. with sb.隨身攜帶7. I dont think itll be a holiday for me. I dont think its a good idea. 8. the capital of 的首都 9. Whats special about this book? 這本書有什么特別的？10. come from a story by sb來自某人寫的一個故事11. place of interest 名勝 Can you tell me some places of

20、interest in Nanjing? be interested in 對感興趣 I am interested in Chinese. Reading詞組：1. see each other 互相見面2. miss sb. very much 非常想念某人miss v. 1)思念；想念 When I studied in USA，I miss my parents very much. 2) 錯過，沒趕上 Hurry up, or you will miss the bus. n. 小姐，后接 姓氏時，常常大寫 This is my English teacher, Miss li. 3

21、. I have been in Hong Kong for two months. 我來香港已經(jīng)兩個月了。4. have a fantastic/good/nice/wonderful time=have fun=enjoy oneself玩得愉快5. spend the whole day at Disneyland在迪斯尼度過一整天 all the people所有的人 spend v 1） 度過 I spent my winter holiday in Hainan. 2) 花費 spend + 時間/金錢 on + 東西 spend + 時間/金錢（in) doing somethi

22、ng I spent an hour on my homework yesterday. I spent an hour in doing my homework yesterday. 6. We got to the park by underground. get to sp.=reach sp.=arrive at/in sp. 到達(dá)某地(沒有目的地只用arrive) 7. on Space Mountain在太空山 an indoor roller coaster一個室內(nèi)過山車8. It moved at high speed and was really exciting. move

23、 at high speed高速運行 (speed 過去時speeded/ sped- 過去分詞speeded/ sped) speed n. 速度 短語： at the speed of 以的速度It moves at the speed of fifty kilometers an hour. 它以每小時五十公里的速度移動。Please drive at a safe speed. 請以安全的速度行駛。9. scream and laugh through the ride全程都在尖叫大笑 through the ride在行程中10. hurry to a restaurant to h

24、ave a quick meal (動詞)hurry to sp/ go to sp in a hurry(名詞) in a hurry 在匆忙之中hurry to do sth=be in a hurry to do sth.=do sth. in a hurry=do sth. hurriedly匆忙做某事11. On the way 在路上 on the way to + 地點 在去的路上 on ones way to + 地點 在某人去的路上 注意：遇到 home/here/there 等地點副詞時省略toI met an old friend on my way home. 在回家的

25、路上我遇到了一個老朋友。12. such as/for example例如For example, twice two is equal to four. 例如，二加二等于四。Sally likes fruits very much, such as apples, oranges and strawberries. 13. a parade of Disney characters迪士尼人物的游行 later in the afternoon=in the late afternoon下午遲些時候14. the best part of the day 這天最好部分 15. run afte

26、r sb.追趕某人 cant stop doing =cant help doing 禁不住做某事When he listened to the story, Jim couldnt help laughing. 聽這個故事時，吉姆忍不住笑了。Stop to do something停下來去做另一件事 Stop doing something停止正在做的Please stop to listen to the teacher. 請停下來聽老師講。 The students stopped talking and laughing when they saw the teacher.take p

27、hotos拍照 cant stop taking photos不停地拍照片16. be like magic像魔法一樣magic n. 魔術(shù) Do you like Liu Qians magic? 你喜歡劉謙的魔術(shù)嗎？magical adj魔法的；有魔力的；迷人的 The world is full of magical things. 17. We could even smell the apple pie and feel the wind. 我們甚至能聞到蘋果派的香味，感覺風(fēng)在吹。感官動詞 smell/feel/sound/taste/look + 形容詞 The flowers s

28、mell wonderful. The food tastes good. 18. go shopping=do some shopping 買東西19. buy sb. sth./ buy sth. for sb. 為某人買 couple n.兩人，兩件事物，幾個人；幾件事物a couple of = a pair of 一雙；一對 a couple of key rings 一對鑰匙環(huán)The couple arrived at the party very early. We met in Moscow a couple of weeks ago. 20. near/at the end

29、of 將近/在結(jié)束的時候 in the end=finally 最后 by the end of到.為止21. watch the fireworks in front of 在前面觀看焰火 22. during your stay there (名詞) 在你待在那期間 stay at home (動詞) 待在家let me have a look at sth.讓我看一下某物 Heres one for you. 這個是送給你的。Grammar詞組：1. 去某地開會go to sp to attend a meeting 2. 參加會議attend a meeting 3. 在沙灘上玩pla

30、y on the sand4. 順便說一下by the way 5. 邀請某人去野餐invite sb to go for a picnic6. 去野餐go for a picnic /have a picnic 7. 電影已經(jīng)開始20分鐘了。The film has been on for 20 minutes.8. 游行結(jié)束好幾小時了。The parade has been over for hours.9. Kitty來香港兩天了。Kitty has been in Hongkong for two days.10. 自從上周二他就離開家了。He has been away from h

31、ome since last Tuesday.11. 這本書我已經(jīng)借了好幾天了。I have kept this book with me for a few days.（不能用borrow）12. Simon自從去年就加入足球俱樂部了。Simon has been in / a member of the Football Club since last year.13. 他們結(jié)婚15年了。They have been married for 15 years.14. 這些魚死了有一段時間了。These fish have been dead for some time.15. 在寒假第一天

32、on the first day of the winter holidayIntegrated skills詞組:1. 旅行的地方places for traveling 2. 中國園林Chinese gardens3. 自然景觀places of natural beauty 4. 海濱城市seaside cities5. 主題公園theme parks 6. 提一些在中國旅游的建議give some advice on travelling in China7. 全年去那兒go there all year round(during the whole year)8. 水上運動water

33、 sports 9. 在任何季節(jié)in any season 10.It is dangerous to climb mountains on cold and snowy days. 在寒冷的雪天爬山是危險的。11. 去那最好的時節(jié)是在春天或秋天。The best time to go there is in spring and autumn.12. 可能會下雨。There may be some rain. / It may be rainy. / It may rain.13.在一年的那個時刻at that time of year14. 有一些關(guān)于五一節(jié)的計劃have some pla

34、ns for the May Day holiday15. 去某地出差go to sp on business16. 乘直達(dá)航班去某地take a direct flight to sp17. 坐飛機去成都要多久？How long does it take to fly to Chengdu?18. 跟我爸爸給你核實一下check it for you with my dad補充知識點：1. see sb. playing on the sand看到某人正在沙灘上玩see somebody doing sth 看到某人正在做see somebody do sth 看到某人做某事的過程或經(jīng)常看到

35、某人做某事I saw him working in the garden yesterday. Jim often sees Mary help others. play on the sand在沙灘上玩 2. die v 死亡 His grandfather died last week.death n 死亡 He cried after knowing his grandfathers death.dying 動詞現(xiàn)在分詞；形容詞 奄奄一息的，垂死的His grandfather is dying. 他的爺爺快過世了。dead 形容詞 死的 His grandfather has been

36、 dead for three years. 3. 1)Except 與 besides 都可表示“除外”，但 besides 表示一種累加關(guān)系，意指“除了什么之外，還有”；而 except 則表示一種排除關(guān)系，意指“除了什么之外，不再有”。如：Besides his wife，his daughter also went to see him. 除他妻子外，他女兒也去看過他(即妻子女兒都去看過他)。Nobody went to see him except his wife. 除他妻子外，沒有一個人看過他(即只有他妻子去看過他)。2)關(guān)于 except 與 except for：except

37、 主要用來談?wù)撏惖臇|西，而 except for是除了因為;要不是;除去一點外的意思,表示對一個人或事物,先做一個整體評價,然后再就局部提出一點看法。即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,這就是所謂的排除否定式。其判別標(biāo)志是:除去的與保留的不是同類項。All compositions are well written except yours. 除了你的作文外，其他的作文都寫得很好。His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 他的作文寫得不錯，只是有幾處拼寫錯誤。4：in front of (在某物外部的前面） There

38、 are two trees in front of the classroom.in the front of (在某物內(nèi)部的前面）There are a teachers desk in the front of the classroom.Task. 1. 動身去機場leave for the airport 動身去某地，前往某地leave for sp2. 在一大早in the early morning3. 坐飛機去香港花了我們?nèi)齻€半小時。It took us three and a half hours to fly to Hongkong.4. 愛看有趣的迪士尼人物游行l(wèi)ove

39、watching the interesting parade of Disney characters5. 看海豚表演watch the dolphin show 6. 看鳥表演watch the bird show7. 給我們的親戚們買了很多禮物buy a lot of presents for our relatives8. 吃了一頓美食have a delicious meal9. 我希望有一天我能再次來這兒玩 I hope I can visit it again some day.10. 坐飛機去某地 take a plane to sp / take a flight to sp

40、 go to sp by air / plane go to sp on a plane 8B unit 3 online tours網(wǎng)上旅行 Welcome to the unit1、 look like 看起來像（指長相，即可指人也可指物）eg: The man looks like our English teacher. eg. The strange thing looks like a plate.區(qū)分：What do/does sb. look like? 問長相=How do/does sb. look? What be sb. like? 問品質(zhì) What do/does s

41、b. like? 問喜好2. agree with sb. on sth.同意某人觀點 agree to do sth同意做某事 disagree不同意3. Here it is它在這兒 change the channel換頻道 the remote control遙控器4. 鼠標(biāo)（復(fù)數(shù)）mouse mouses 老鼠（復(fù)數(shù)）mouse mice 4. chat(動詞）with sb.和某人聊天 have a chat（名詞） with sb. chat 現(xiàn)在分詞：chatting 5. do word processing做文字處理6. send and receive emails收發(fā)電

42、子郵件 (1) send 發(fā)送 send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.把某物寄給/送給某人 (2) receive 收到，接到 receive emails 接收郵件 區(qū)分：receive 與accept receive 客觀(被動地)收到 accept 主觀接受 eg. I received a bunch of flower, but I didnt accept it. 7. watch videos看錄像8. what.for?.為何目的，為何理由？=Why? What did you do that for?=Why did you do that? 9. us

43、e sth to do/ use sth. for sth. 用做1.你通常用你的電腦來干嘛？What do you use your computer for?What do you use your computer to do?2.我用它來搜索信息use it to search for informationuse it for searching for information10. be fast and easy快捷11. 你多久用電腦來做一次這個？How often do you use your computer for this?How often do you use y

44、our computer to do this? 多頻繁(對頻率提問) how often12. almost every day幾乎每天13. I have no idea.Ive no idea.I dont know.我不知道。 14. turn on the TV turn on/off打開/關(guān)閉，turn up/down調(diào)大/調(diào)低；都是“動詞副詞”。Reading1. Around the World in Eight Hours 八小時環(huán)游世界 2. Im your tour guide. 我是你們的導(dǎo)游3. notice the “tour” icon注意到“tour”這個圖標(biāo)

45、notice sb do sth注意到某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意到某人正在做某事3. at the top of the page在本頁上方 at the bottom of 在底部4. click 點擊 click（及物動詞）sth. =click(不及物動詞) on sth. 點擊5. in eight hours在八小時內(nèi)（后, 用將來時）6. the world-famous trade centre舉世聞名的貿(mào)易中心7. at the southern end of在.南端 8. many big companies and international

46、banks很多大型的公司和國際銀行9. further on再往前 10. thousands of 數(shù)以千計的 hundred, thousand, million等表示確指時（前面有具體的數(shù)字），用單數(shù)；表泛指（前面沒有數(shù)字）用復(fù)數(shù)，其后加of eg. three thousand hundreds ofgather here on New Years Eve在新年前夜聚集在這11. Its exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness. 看到大玻璃球在黑夜中落下令人很興奮。(1) see sb. doin

47、g sth.看見某人正在做某事 eg. When I passed by the KFC, I saw many children eating hamburgers and chips in it.see sb. do sth.看見某人做了某事（強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程） （2）through the darkness穿過黑夜12. With several lakes, hills and a large green lawn, its a good place to relax after a hard days work.(1) 一個放松的好地方a good place to relax

48、relax 放松，休息 relax oneself放松自己動詞三單：relaxes 形容詞：relaxed 修飾人 relaxing 修飾物(2) 在辛苦工作一天后after a hard days work 30小時的火車車程 thirty hours train ride(3) 一大片綠草地a large green lawn13. Dont miss Broadway. 不要錯過百老匯。 14. It has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century(1) 因而出名be famous/ known for

49、 作而出名be famous as+職業(yè) 被.所熟知be famous to sbHe is famous to the people all over the world.他被全世界的人所熟知.自從20世紀(jì)早期since the early twentieth century15. 聽說過“Memory”這首歌 hear of the song “Memory” 收到某人的來信hear from sb get/receive a letter from sb.16. 著名的百老匯音樂劇貓 the famous Broadway musical Cats 17. 關(guān)于紐約就講這么多 So mu

50、ch for New York so much for sth.關(guān)于.就講這么多，.到此為止 So much for the new words.生詞就學(xué)到這里。18. at the bottom of the page在頁面底端 pick another city選擇另一個城市 撿起來 / 去(機場)接某人pick up 開始你的新旅程start your new tour 19. a play filled with many songs有很多歌的劇本 be filled with / be full of充滿 20. fewer than / less than少于 more than

51、/ over多于 buy tickets to different places買去不同地方的票 fall from the sky從空中落下 gather there to welcome the New Year聚集到那迎接新年 world-famous / famous / well-known著名的 the activity of buying and selling買賣的活動 What is the website called? 這個網(wǎng)站叫什么？ give people online tours給人們提供在線旅行 on Manhattan Island在曼哈頓島Grammar 1. the other day前幾天 dream of / about doing sth夢想做某事 The boy dreams of becomi