英語名詞所有格

1、專題五 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞，名詞的所有格，冠詞知識點1. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)名詞：表示人或事物的名稱或抽象概念的詞。 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞. 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 前面可加a,an來修飾： a bag一個包 可數(shù)名詞：可以計數(shù)的名詞 名詞 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞：不可計數(shù)的名詞 沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,前面不能用不定冠詞a, an,也不能直接加數(shù)詞. 但可以跟某些量詞短語搭配,表示數(shù)量,如: a glass of water, two cups of tea.A.可數(shù)名詞1. 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示“一”的概念，指單個的可數(shù)物體。要用名詞的單數(shù)形式，表示名詞的單數(shù)，要在名詞前加冠詞a或an。（an多用于以a

2、 ,e, i, o,開頭的單詞） eg：a book/ tree an apple/ egg2.復(fù)數(shù)名詞：指兩個或以上的可數(shù)物體。名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化。 在一般情況下，詞尾后加-s。 books，cups，beds，boys，horses . 以s，x，sh，ch結(jié)尾的詞，詞尾加-es，讀|iz| buses，boxes，dishes碟子，watches 以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，先將f或fe變成v，再加-es，讀|vz| halfhalves，knifeknives小刀 wife wives 以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾的詞，詞尾加-es。 tomatoes，potatoes注意：A.如果是元音字母加o結(jié)尾的

3、名詞只加s： zoos，radios，vedios B.有特殊的以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾的也加s : photo-photos; piano-pianos 鋼琴 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，先將y改為i再加-es。 cities，families，babies3 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化。manmen，toothteeth牙齒，childchildren，sheepsheep綿羊，deer-deer小鹿 foot-feet腳 Chinese Chinese Japanese Japanese4 有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式 clothes，trousers褲子，glasses，socks , shorts , pa

4、nts , shoes 通常是以復(fù)數(shù)的形式出現(xiàn)。 *另外，當(dāng)我要表達(dá)一雙襪子，一條褲子等時，要說成 a pair of socks a pair of shorts 5.一些代詞和其他詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化。 I - we you you he, she, it - they me-us him/her/it-them this - these that those my our her, his, its their am/ is are a/ an some6. 句子單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)，注意以下六要素：主格人稱代詞要變成相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)主格人稱代詞，即Iwe，youyou，she，he，it they。如：

5、She is a girl. They are girls. am，is要變?yōu)閍re。如：Im a student. We are students.不定冠詞a，an要去掉。如：He is a boy. They are boys.普通單數(shù)名詞要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如：It is an apple. They are apples.指示代詞this，that要變?yōu)閠hese，those。如：This ia a box. These are boxes.man，woman名詞作定語修飾可數(shù)名詞時，要在“數(shù)”上與被修飾名詞保持一致。但其他名詞修飾名詞表示“性質(zhì)”時，不作變化。She is a woman

6、 doctor. Theey are women doctors.That is a pencil case. Those are pencil cases.B.不可數(shù)名詞 1. 沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,前面不能用不定冠詞a, an,也不能直接加數(shù)詞.但可以跟某些量詞短語搭配,表示數(shù)量,如: a glass of water一杯水 （不能說a water） a cup of tea.一杯茶 a piece of paper一紙 a piece of bread一片面包 A bottle of milk一瓶牛奶 2. 不可數(shù)名詞跟量詞搭配時，變復(fù)數(shù)只變量詞： two glasses of water ma

7、ny cups of tea twenty pieces of paper注：可數(shù)名詞也可以和量詞搭配,of后的可數(shù)名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式： a box of apples一箱蘋果 a pair of shoes一雙鞋 當(dāng)量詞的數(shù)量超過一時，也變復(fù)數(shù)： Six boxes of apples 8 pairs of shoes專項練習(xí)一 一.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空： 1.Its not _ alarm clock. (a) 2. Let _ play tennis. (I) 3. Where _ Toms parents?(be) 4. Many _.(sheep) 5. I see your _.

8、 They are fine.(grandparent) 6. Your _ are my pen _.(朋友) 7. His _ are very cute.(女兒) 8. The two _ are good. (家庭) 9. _ answers are right.(they) 10. Her sister and his brother arent my _ (表兄妹) 11. I have two_ (knife) 12. There are many _ here. (box) 13. There are many _ on the road. (bus)14. A few _ a

9、re drawing on the wall. (boy) 15. The _ are playing football now. (child)二、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep 三、選擇填空1、There on the wall .They ar

10、e very beautiful. A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos2. This kind of car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has3. There are four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans4. Thats art book. A. an B. a C. the D are5.

11、 The boys have got already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of breads6. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7. There some in the river. A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish8. There tw

12、o in the box. A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches9. We should clean twice a day. A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth10.The _ meeting room is near the reading room. A.teacher B.teachers C.teachers D.teachers11. In Britain _ are all painted red. A.letter boxes B.letters bo

13、xes C.letter box D.letters box四單數(shù)句變復(fù)數(shù)句，復(fù)數(shù)句變單數(shù)句1It is a bus._2This is my sister._3He is his friend ._4That is her dictionary._5Those are boxes._6They are teachers._7These are desks ._8We are boys. _9.I have a tooth, foot and hand._知識點2. 冠詞與名詞的搭配冠詞是放在名詞前的一個虛詞，本身無獨立意義。冠詞分為不定冠詞（a，an）和定冠詞（the）。1. 巧學(xué)a和an：

14、 a和an均為不定冠詞，用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示數(shù)量為“一(個、塊、只)”(1) a用于輔音音標(biāo)(而不是輔音字母)開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，an用于元音音標(biāo)(而不是元音字母)開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。 a pen; an orange; an umbrella一把傘; an English teacher an hour一個小時; a useful pen一只有用的鋼筆 (2)如單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前有this、that、my等代詞修飾時，則不再使用a或an。 1. This isbag Amy Bmy a Ca my2. This isntJapanese mapThat isEnglish map Aa；

15、a Ban；an Ca；an在某些固定詞組中，需要不定冠詞，如：a lot of，a bit，take a walk，have a rest等。2.定冠詞the的用法：與指示代詞this，that相同，有“那(這)個”的意思，但較弱，可以和一個名詞連用，來表示某個或某些特定的人或東西。(1) 特指雙方都明白的人或物look at the blackboard看黑板 (2) 上文提到過的人或事，第一次出現(xiàn)用a/an,第二次出現(xiàn)用the: 如：There is a pen on the floor. The pen is red.(3) 用在序數(shù)詞的前面。如：May is the fifth mo

16、nth of a year.五月是一年的第五個月。(4) 用在一些習(xí)慣用語中。如：in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早晨/下午/晚上(5)用在樂器之前。如：play the piano 彈鋼琴3. 不用冠詞的場合(1)名詞前有this，that，my，some，no，each，every等作修飾詞時。如：His table is useful.他的桌子很有用。(2)表示星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日的名詞前。如：I watch TV on Sundays.我在周日看電視。(3)在三餐名詞前。如：My father play baseball after supper.

17、我爸爸晚飯后讀報紙。(4)在球類運動前。如：Do you like playing basketball?你喜歡打籃球嗎？(5)慣用語。如：at night，in bed，at school，go to school去上學(xué) go to bed 去睡覺等。 專項練習(xí)二1. There is _ art room in the building. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. What color is _ orange?- Its _ orange. A. an, the B. /, an C. an, / D. /, the3. Do you know _ old lad

18、y in blue? Yes. Shes a teacher of _ university in Beijing. A. an, an B. the, a C. the, an D. an, a4. Last week Lilys father bought her _ Mp4 player as _ birthday present. A. a, a B. a, an C. an, a D. an, an5. The girl often plays _ piano for _ old. A. the, / B. /, the C. the, the D. /, /6. There is_

19、 “u” and _ “s” in the word “rulers”. A. a, a B. an, a C. a, an D. an, an7. This is_ Japanese book. Its not _English book. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a8. I have _ very interesting book. It is about_ exciting game. A. an, the B. the, a C. a, an D. a, a9Is that your _ ?Aa picture Bpicture Cpictu

20、res Dnice pictures10Are _ Kates _?Athis, book Bthat，book Cthese，books Dthose，book11 What can I do for you, sir? - Id like two _. A. bottle of orange B. bottle of oranges c.bottles of oranges D.bottles of orange 12.Many _ are talking under the tree. And their _ are swimming in the lake. A. woman, chi

21、ldren B. woman, child C. women, children D. women, child13. The little baby has two _ already. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths二完型填空 1 name is Chen Gang. Im 2 Chinese boy. I 3 twelve. I 4 English. Im in 5 . Im in Class Seven, Grade One. My 6 name is Miss Gao. She is a good teacher. 7 school I h

22、ave a friend. 8 name is Ma Qiang.This is a photo of my 9 .That man is my father. 10 is thirty-nine. The woman is my mother , she is thirty-seven. The girl is my sister .She is ten. That boy is me.( )1.A. I B. My C. Me D. His ( )2.A. a B. an C. the D. /( )3.A. is B. am C. are D. / ( )4.A. like B. lik

23、es C. look like D. look for( )5.A. No. 1 middle school B. No.1 Middle school C. No.1 middle School D.No.1Middle School( )6.A. teachers B. teachers C. teachers D. teacher( )7.A. at B. in C. At D. In ( )8.A. He B. His C. Her D. she( )9.A. home B. school C. family D. bedroom ( )10.A. he B. He C. Its D.

24、 It三、下列句子均有一處錯誤，請在錯處下劃橫線，并把正確答案寫在題后的橫線上（保持句子意思不變）。1. There are four peoples in my family._ 2. Are those your friend?_ 3. That is his father friend._ 4. This isnt her bag. Its I bag._5. These are apple._ 6. Are they your grandparent?_7. -Dad, he is my friends, Tom. _ 8. Excuse me, is that yours watch

25、?_9. Mr Green is Jim father._ 10. There is a bottle of the water on the desk._知識點3. 名詞的所有格名詞所有格形式：表示有生命的名詞與后面名詞的所有關(guān)系。分為：(1)名詞s所有格見下表：名詞s所有格單數(shù)名詞后直接加 s Jims coat 吉姆的外套 Jeffs mother杰夫的媽媽以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，只加 TeachersDay教師節(jié) the twins books雙胞胎的書不以s結(jié)尾的不規(guī)則的名詞復(fù)數(shù)，加 s Womens Day婦女節(jié) Childrens Day 兒童節(jié) mens shoes男式鞋表示兩者共

26、同擁有時，只在最后一個名詞后加s表示兩者各自擁有時，要在每個名詞后加s Lucy and Lilys mother 露茜和莉莉的媽媽（一個媽媽） Lucys and Kates rooms 露茜和凱特的房間（各自的房間，不是同一個）of所有格：動物和無生命的名詞所有格一般使用介詞of短語來表示。如：the name of her cat她的貓的名字 a picture of our school 一我們學(xué)校的照片有時有生命的東西也可用of所有格，可與名詞s所有格替換。如：the name of the boy=the boys name這個男孩的名字專項練習(xí)三1. _(明的父母)work in

27、 a big hospital.2. This is _(我妹妹的語文書)3. _(我的姐姐和弟弟的臥室) are very nice.4. _(王平和王明的父親) is a hotel manager.5. Is this _(你的好朋友的鋼筆) ?6. They are _(Peter 和Sam的老師).7. _(教師節(jié)) is on September 10th .8. _(學(xué)生們的桌椅) are very new.11. Please open _(教室的門).12. _(敏的鞋) are white.14. _(John和Sally的母親) are American.15. _(偉的

28、妻子的朋友) is from Guangzhou.16. _(Tony哥哥的電腦) is broken.17. Its _(婦女節(jié)) on March 8th.18. Are these _(男生們的書包) ?20. _(我父親的和她父親的朋友) are from Beijing.21._ shirt is white. A. My brother B. My brothers C. My brothers D. My brothers22. Today is September 10th. It is _ Day. A. Teachers B. Teachers C. the Teacher

29、s D. Teachers23. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. A. Teacher B. TeachersC. Teachers D. Teacher 24. Its June 1st, its _ Day. A. Childrens B. ChildrensC. Childrens D. Childrenss 25. This year, _ is on May 9th. A.My mothers birthdayB. My mothers brithdayC. My mothers birthdayD. My motherss birthday

30、26. This is _ . A. Mike and Jims bikeB. Mikes and Jim bike C. Mikes and Jims bike D.Mike and Jim bike 鞏固練習(xí)一按要求寫出相應(yīng)的詞1this（反義詞）_ 2these（反義詞）_3it（復(fù)數(shù)形式）_ 4that（復(fù)數(shù)形式）_5photo（復(fù)數(shù)形式）_6picture（復(fù)數(shù)形式）_7cousin（復(fù)數(shù)形式）_ 8friend（復(fù)數(shù)形式）_9son（對應(yīng)詞）_ 10sister（對應(yīng)詞）_二、將下面的詞變成復(fù)數(shù)1.this friend _2. brother _3.grandparent _4.

31、this is _5.that key _ 6. . this boy _ 7. that girl _8 . sister_三.選擇填空1. My_ is a teacher. A. parents B. grandparents C. parent D. fathers2. This is my good _. A. friends B. friend C. sisters D. brothers3. My _ are all teachers. A. friend B. sister C. grandparents D. mother 4. The red T- shirt is eight _ . A. dollar B. pound C. dollars D. cent5. - Where _ your new pants? - _ on the bed. A. is, Its B. are, Theyre C. is, Theyre D. are, Its6. The