英語比較級和最高級

1、 一、比較級和最高級的講解變化規(guī)則1一般單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以-er，-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，比較級在后面加-er，最高級在后面加-est； （1）單音節(jié)詞 如：smallsmallersmallest shortshortershortest talltallertallest greatgreatergreatest （2）雙音節(jié)詞 如：clevercleverercleverest narrownarrowernarrowest 2以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞，比較在原級后加-r，最高級在原級后加-st； 如：largelargerlargest nicenicernicest ableablera

2、blest 3在重讀閉音節(jié)（即：輔音元音輔音）中，先雙寫末尾的輔音字母，比較級加-er，最高級加-est； 如：bigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest fatfatterfattest 4以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞， 把y改為i，比較級加-er，最高級加-est； 如：easyeasiereasiest heavyheavierheaviest busybusierbusiest happyhappierhappiest 5其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，比較級在前面加more，最高級在前面加most； 如：beautifulmore beautifulmost bea

3、utiful differentmore differentmost different easilymore easilymost easily 注意：（1）形容詞最高級前通常必須用定冠詞 the，副詞最高級前可不用。 例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. （2） 形容詞most前面沒有the，不表示最高級的含義，只表示"非常"。 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 6有少數(shù)形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級是不規(guī)則的，必

4、須熟記。 如：goodbetterbest wellbetterbest badworseworst illworseworst oldolder/elderoldest/eldest many/muchmoremost littlelessleast far further/farther furthest/farthest 一、寫出下列形容詞和副詞的比較級形式。1. long _ _ 2.tidy_ _ _ 3.hot _ _4. large_ _ 5.thin_ _ 6.good_ _7. bad _ _ 8.little_ _ 9.sincere_ _10.much_ _11.earl

5、y_ _ 12.fast _ _13.hard _ _14.difficult_ _15.badly_ _16.far_ _17.carefully_ _18.instructive_ _19.easily_ _20.often_ _二、形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的用法 1“A + be +形容詞比較級 + than + B” 意思為“A比B更”。 如：This tree is taller than that one. 這棵樹比那棵樹高。 注意： 在含有連詞than的比較級中，前后的比較對象必須是同一范疇，即同類事物之間的比較。 在比較級前面使用much，表示程度程度“強(qiáng)得多”。 如：A

6、watermelon is much bigger than an apple. very, quite一般只能修飾原級，不能修飾比較級。 2“比較級 + and + 比較級” 或“more and more +原級”表示“越來越” 如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天來了，天氣變得越來越暖和了。 It is getting cooler and cooler. 天氣越來越?jīng)鏊?The wind became more and more heavily. 風(fēng)變得越來越大。 Our school is becoming mor

7、e and more beautiful. 我們的學(xué)校變得越來越美麗。 3在含有or的選擇疑問句中，如果有兩者供選擇，前面的形容詞要用比較級形式。 如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 誰更高，Tim還是Tom? 4. “the +比較級, the+比較級”，表示“越越”。 The more money you make, the more you spend. 錢你賺得越多，花得越多。 The sooner，the better. 越快越好。 5. 表示倍數(shù)的比較級用法： . A is times the size /height/length/width of B. 如：

8、The new building is three times the height of the old one. 這座新樓比那座舊樓高三倍。(新樓是舊樓的四倍高) . A is times as big /high/long/wide/large as B. 如：Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。(亞洲比歐洲大三倍) . A is times larger /higher/longer/wider than B. 如：Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我們學(xué)校比你們學(xué)校大兩倍。 6.

9、形容詞、副詞的最高級形式主要用來表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比較，表示“最”的意思。 句子中有表示范圍的詞或短語。如：of the three, in our class等等。 如：He is the tallest in our class. 他在我們班里是最高的。 He likes English best of all the subjects 在所有學(xué)科中，他最喜歡英語。 7."否定詞語+比較級"，"否定詞語+ so as"結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級含義。 Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than

10、 this. =This is the easiest thing. 8. 比較級與最高級的轉(zhuǎn)換： Mike is the most intelligent in his class. =Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class 9.修飾比較級和最高級的詞 1）可修飾比較級的詞 .a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。 . 還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語。

11、. 以上詞(除by far)外，必須置于比較級形容詞或副詞的前面。 注意： 使用最高級要注意將主語包括在比較范圍內(nèi)。 (錯) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (對) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2)下列詞可修飾最高級：by far, far, much, mostly, almost。 This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意： a. very可修飾最高級，但位置與much不同。 This is the very best. This is

12、much the best. b. 序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級。 Africa is the second largest continent. 10.要避免重復(fù)使用比較級。 (錯) He is more cleverer than his brother. (對) He is more clever than his brother. (對) He is cleverer than his brother. 11.要避免將主語含在比較對象中。 (錯) China is larger that any country in Asia. (對) China is larger than any ot

13、her country in Asia. 12.要注意對應(yīng)句型，遵循前一致的原則。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 13.要注意冠詞的使用，后有名詞的時候，前面才有可能有名詞。 比較：Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two

14、sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. 二、根據(jù)句意，用所括號內(nèi)所級形容詞的比較等級形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred. 2. Yingtian is not as _ (tall) as Yongxian. 3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _(fat) than before . 4.Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a c

15、hicken? 5.- How _ (tall) is Sally? - She' s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling? - She' s only 1.40 metres _(tall). She is much _(short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short) girl in the class. 6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at E

16、nglish. 7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 8.He is one of the_ _(friendly) people in the class, I think. 9. A dictionary is much (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _

17、 (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ _ (beautiful) than her sister.13.My room is not as _ (big) as my brother' s.14.-How difficult is physics? -I' m not sure. - Is it _ (difficult) than maths? - I don' t think so.15.- Annie plays the piano very _ (well). - Sue plays it _ (well) t

18、han Annie. And Sally plays it the _(well).16. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much _ (early) than I. 20.This book is not as _ (interesting) as that one. 21. Yo

19、ur classroom is _(wide) and _(bright) than ours. 22. Practise as _ (much) as you can. 23. The _ (much), the _ (good). 24. Nowadays(現(xiàn)在) English is _ ( important ) than any other subject. 25. Most of the students think a lion is much _ _(dangerous) than a bear and it is the _ _ (dangerous) animal in t

20、he world.26. Mr. Smith is _ man in this office. (rich)27. Winter is _ season of the years. (cold)28.This radio is not so _ as that one. (cheap)29. It is much _ today than yesterday. (hot)30. She is a little _ _ than her classmates. (careful)31. _ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)32.

21、Which book is _, this one or that one? (easy)33. My room is _ than yours. (small)34. Hainan is _ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)35. Skating is _ _ than swimming. (exciting)36. Jim is _ _ than all the others. (honest)37. Things are getting _ and _. (bad)38. The higher you climb, the _ it will be. (col

22、d)39. Now his life is becoming _ and _ _. (difficult)40. There are _ boys than girls in our class. (few) 一、1. nicer / nicest 2. fatter / fattest 3. slower / slowest 4. drier / driest5. happier / happiest 6. wetter / wettest7. more / most 8. worse / worst9. less / least 10. worse / worst11. thinner / thinnest 12. farther / farthest 或