最常用醫(yī)學(xué)前后綴張順興

1、100個(gè)最最常用醫(yī)學(xué)前后綴Table 1 Examples of organs and systems （部分器官與系統(tǒng)術(shù)語(yǔ)）中文普通前/后綴形容詞示例1心heartcardiocardiaccardialcardiology 心臟病學(xué) endocarditis 心內(nèi)膜炎myocarditis 心肌炎2腦braincerebroencephalocerebralcerebrum 大腦cerebellum 小腦encephalopathy 腦病3顱skullcraniocranialintracranial 顱內(nèi)的4肺lungpulmopulmonarypulmonology 肺病學(xué)pulmon

2、itis 肺炎5肝liverhepatohepatichepatitis 肝炎hepatobiliary 肝膽的hepatoenterostomy 肝腸吻合6腎kidneynephrorenalnephritis 腎炎nephropathy 腎病nephrectomy 腎切除7胃stomachgastrogastricgastritis 胃炎gastrectomy 胃切除8腸intestinegutbowelenterointestinalenteritis 腸炎gastroenteritis 胃腸炎enterostomy 腸造口術(shù)9食道/管esophagusesophagoesophagea

3、lesophagitis 食道炎esophagoscopy 食道鏡10膽 （汁）gallbladderBile cholebiliarycholecystitis 膽囊炎cholesterol 膽固醇11脾spleensplenosplenicsplenectomy 脾切除spenomegaly脾大12胰pancreaspancreatopancreaticpancreatitis 胰腺pancreatopathy 胰腺病13膀胱bladdercystcystocysticcystitis 膀胱炎cystography 膀胱造影14（泌）尿urineurourethrourinaryurolo

4、gy 泌尿病學(xué)transurethral 經(jīng)尿道的15直腸anusrectorectalrectoscopy 直腸鏡檢查rectoplasty 直腸成形術(shù) rectocolitis 直腸結(jié)腸炎16結(jié)腸coloncolocolonalcolitis 結(jié)腸炎colostomy 結(jié)腸造口17肌musclemyomuscularmyocarditis 心肌炎myoloma 肌瘤18關(guān)節(jié)jointarthroarticulararthritis 關(guān)節(jié)炎arthropathy 關(guān)節(jié)病19骨bonebonyosteoosteoarthritis 骨關(guān)節(jié)炎o(hù)steoplasty 骨整形20髓marrowmye

5、myeloma 骨髓瘤myelitis 骨髓炎myelopathy 骨髓病21血bloodhematohematic hematology 血液學(xué) hematoma 血腫22血管vesselvasoangiovascularvasopressin 血管加壓素angiography 血管造影23動(dòng)脈artery arterioarterialarteriosclerosis 動(dòng)脈硬化 24靜脈veinveno venousIntravenous 靜脈內(nèi)的25神經(jīng)nerveneuronervousneuron 神經(jīng)元neuroma 神經(jīng)瘤26細(xì)胞cellcytocellularcytology 細(xì)

6、胞學(xué)leukocyte 白細(xì)胞27眼eyeophthalmooculoocularvisualophthalmology 眼科學(xué)ophthalmitis 眼炎28耳earaudioauditoryaudibleAudiometer 聽(tīng)力計(jì)audiosurgery 耳外科29鼻noserhinonasonasalrhinorrhea鼻溢nasogastric 鼻胃的30口mouthorooralorolingual 口舌的31舌tonguelinguolingualsublingual 舌下的lingustics 語(yǔ)言學(xué)32喉throatlaryngolaryngeallaryngectomy

7、喉切除laryngitis 喉炎33咽throatpharyngopharyngealpharyngitis 咽炎34氣管/道Airway / pipe / passagetracheotrachealtracheostomy 氣管插管tracheoscope 氣管鏡tracheoesophageal 氣管食道的 35體body -some /some-physicalpsychosomatice身心的chromosome 染色體 36精神mind psycho-mentalpsychology 心理學(xué)psychosis 精神病Table 2 Examples of diseased stat

8、es (部分病態(tài)術(shù)語(yǔ))含義前/后綴示例37病patho-pathypathogen 病原 / pathology 病理學(xué)encephalopathy腦病38病態(tài)-osisneurosis 神經(jīng)病 / tuberculosis 肺結(jié)核39增多-osisleukocytosis 白細(xì)胞增多癥40減少-peniapancytosis 全血細(xì)胞減少41炎癥-it isarthritis 關(guān)節(jié)炎 / hepatitis 肝炎42腫塊-omalymphoma 淋巴瘤 / carcinoma癌43疼痛-algia-algesiaarthralgia 關(guān)節(jié)痛 / analgesia 止痛44血癥-emiale

9、ukemia 白血病 / bacteremia菌血癥45麻痹-plegiahemiplegia 偏癱 / myoplegia 肌肉麻痹46壞死necro-necrosishepatonecrosis肝壞死 / necrotic 壞死的47不良mal-malnutrition 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良 / malfunction 功能障礙, 48流出-rrheadiarrhea 腹瀉 /menorrhea月經(jīng)49困難/障礙dys-dysfunction 功能障礙 / dyspnea呼吸困難 / dysuria 排尿困難50無(wú)aan-atypical 不典型的 / asymptomatic無(wú)癥狀的 / anuri

10、a 無(wú)尿 / analgesia 止痛51復(fù)合/多poly-polyuria 多尿 / polyopia 復(fù)視52巨-megalysplenomegaly 脾大 / acromegaly 指端肥大癥 53結(jié)石litho-lithcholelithes 膽結(jié)石 / lithiasis結(jié)石癥54硬化-sclerosisAthrosclerosis動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化 / arteriosclerosis 動(dòng)脈硬化 Table 3 Examples of surgical terminology （部分外科術(shù)語(yǔ)）含義前/后綴示例55切除-ectomygastrectomy 胃切除56切開(kāi)-otomycran

11、iotomy 開(kāi)顱手術(shù)57造口/吻合-stomycolostomy 結(jié)腸造口58整（矯）形ortho-orthopedics 骨科59造影、描繪-graphyangiography 血管造影 / radiography 拍片60經(jīng)/ 橫向trans-transurethral 經(jīng)尿道的 / transcutaneous 經(jīng)皮的 / transfusion 輸血61成形-plastyesophagoplasty 食道成形術(shù)Table 4 Examples of directions and positions (部分方向位置)含義普通前/后綴示例62上Upper, superiorepi- ,

12、supra-epigastric 上腹部的/ supraclavicular 鎖骨上的63下lower, inferiorinfra-, sub-subclavicular, 鎖骨下的 / inferior vena cava下腔靜脈64 前front, anterior, priorfore-, ante, pre-, antero, forehead 前額 / anteroposterior 前后的/正位的65后back, posterior, rear post-, retro-, postero-postprandial餐后的/ retroperitoneal 腹膜后的66內(nèi)inner

13、, internalIn-, intra, endo, ento-Inhalation吸入 / endoscope內(nèi)窺鏡 / intracranial顱內(nèi)的 67外outer, externalex-, exo- extract 提取 / excretion排泄 / exocardial心外的68側(cè)lateral bilateral雙側(cè)的 / unilateral單側(cè)的/ contralateral對(duì)側(cè)的69旁/副adjacent, appendix para-parathyroid 甲狀旁腺/ paracancer 癌旁 70周peripheral, aroundperi-Periopera

14、tive 圍術(shù)的 / perinatal圍產(chǎn)的 71間between inter-intercostal 肋間的/ intercedllular細(xì)胞間的 72中心Central centro-, centri-centrifuge 離心/ centronucleus中心核Table 5 Examples of cells and colors （部分細(xì)胞與顏色）含義前/后綴示例73色chromo / cromochromosome 染色體 / cromolyn 色苷酸鈉74紅erythro erythrocyte 紅細(xì)胞 / erythromycin 紅霉素75白leukoleukocyte

15、白細(xì)胞 / leukemia 白血病 76黑melanoMelanoma 黑色素瘤/ melena 黑便77青、藍(lán)cyanocyanosis 紫紺 78淋巴lymph lymphocyte 淋巴細(xì)胞 / lymphoma 淋巴瘤 79粒granulogranulocyte 粒細(xì)胞 / granulocytosis粒細(xì)胞增多80成細(xì)胞blastfibroblast 成纖細(xì)胞81網(wǎng)狀reticuloreticulocyte 網(wǎng)狀細(xì)胞82嗜堿的basi, baso, alkalobasophil 嗜堿性粒細(xì)胞83嗜酸的eosino, acidoeosinocyte, eosnophil嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞8

16、4凝血的thrombothrombocyte 凝血細(xì)胞 （= 血小板platelet） Table 6 Examples of compounds (部分化合物)含義前/后綴示例85（酸）鹽-ate sulfate 硫酸鹽 / nitrate 硝酸鹽86醇-ol alcohol 酒精 / taxol 紫杉醇 / ethanol 乙醇87醛-al methylal甲縮醛 / retinal視黃醛88糖-saccharide, glyco-, gluco-, saccharo-glycogen糖原 / glucose葡萄糖 / saccharide糖 / polysaccharide 多糖89酶-ase transaminase轉(zhuǎn)氨酶 / reductase還原酶90素-inheparin 肝素 / nuclein核素 91原-genantigen 抗原 / collagen 膠原 92苯基/酚phenol-Phenol酚（石炭酸）/ phenate 酚鹽 93氨基amino-Amino acid氨基酸 / aninosuria 氨尿 Table 7 Examples of numbers