任務型閱讀(含(答案)解析)

1、資料任務型閱讀知識清單一、考點分析任務型閱讀是“閱讀理解”的另一種形式，綜合考查學生歸納概括能力和語篇結構理解能力。其內(nèi)容涉及廣泛，要求學生在閱讀理解的基礎上，完成一項任務或解決一個問題。所以“任務型閱讀”是介于閱讀理解和寫作之間 ，其任務已不同于閱讀理解中的選擇題或書面表達，而是在理解文字的基礎上，完成相應的圖表或文字練習，從而有效地測試學生用英語“做事”的能 力。根據(jù)任務類型，常見題型有以下四種：1 .完成表格型此類任務型閱讀要求我們在理解文本信息的基礎上，根據(jù)材料提供的直接信息或由我們推理、提煉后的間接信息完成題目要求的任務。其閱讀內(nèi)容更貼近學生的生活實際，任務的設置變化多樣，不光有簡單

2、信息的捕捉，而且有閱讀短文，通過對短文信息的歸納，加工處理，運 用語言邏輯推理和思維能力來完成表格。2 .回答問題型此類任務型閱讀要求我們根據(jù)短文、表格、圖片或圖文結合的材料回答命題者設定的問題，所設置的任務通過事實或細節(jié)的查找就能完成，與普通閱讀理解的解題方法相似，只是題目設計采用了主觀題形式，沒有給出選項，需要我們從材料中尋求信息，以一個完整的句子，或者是其適當?shù)目s略形式作答。從問題所涉及的內(nèi)容看，考查文本表層理解多于深層理解，其設計的問題多為五 W或一般疑問句的細節(jié)性問題，而涉及推理判斷、文章主旨、寫作意圖及作者態(tài)度、感受等的題目則少之又少。此類題型是學生失分較多的題型之一，要求學生有較

3、扎實的語言基礎和較強的綜合運用英語的能力。3 .句子還原型還原短文型“閱讀理解”題有兩種形式：即選擇句子還原短文和排列段落還原短文。第一種形式要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后所給的句子中選出適當?shù)木渥犹钊攵涛目瞻滋?。第二種形式是給出一篇 200300個詞的短文，要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和結構，將順序打亂的段落重新排序，有時首段或尾段的位置已給出。這種題型旨在考查考生對短文整體結構的理解能力，要求考生從短文的篇章結的層面上把握短文，了解其大概意思和結構，分清句子或段落之間的邏輯關系，然后還原成短文的原貌。4 .多元綜合型此類任務型閱讀是上述各種題型的綜合，可以給出不同的任務讓學生逐一完成。一般是在問題設

4、計上兼顧了多種類型，既有根據(jù)短文設計的問答題和相應的翻譯題、句型轉換等，又有根據(jù)內(nèi)容完成句子，完成這一題型應非常細致，應認真地到原材料中收集有用的信息，并且經(jīng)過整理輸出信息。在明白題意和文意的基礎上，仔細閱讀后面的題目要求，根據(jù)實際情況去完成所要求的任務。二、解題步驟1 .明確任務。，因此解題前要先由于題目要求形式多樣，在同一篇閱讀材料中會要求完成不同的任務 明確任務，做到心中有數(shù)。2 .對應，緊扣原文。即在原文中找出問題題干所包括的信息部分，這樣就可以快速準確地抓住有效信息，確保答題的準確性。如果是根據(jù)英文釋義寫單詞的題，則一定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文，切不可脫離原文，隨意發(fā)揮。3 .注意

5、讀寫結合。任務型閱讀不僅考查學生閱讀理解層面的能力，更加注重考查學生“寫”的能力。若是寫單詞，則要注意拼寫正確，詞形、詞性有無變化，是否需要大寫；若所要完成的是短語或句子成分 則需謹慎對待，依據(jù)所給題干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么樣的表達方式，不可簡單草率地將文中信息直接挪用。4 .認真檢查。完成任務后要重新審視材料，檢查所做的答案是否復合要求，同時語言要精練準確。提分策略1 .認真審題，讀懂題意由于題目要求形式多樣 ，在同一篇閱讀材料中會要求完成不同的任務，因此解題前要先明確任務，做到心中有數(shù)。2 .快速閱讀，掌握大意在做題時要快速掃視一下文章的大意，然后結合前面的題目的要求，大致明

6、白所要完成的任務。3 .細讀題目，完成任務在明白題意和文章意思的基礎上，仔細閱讀后面的題目要求，在原文中找出問題題干所包括的信息部分，這樣就可以快速準確地抓住有效信息，確保答題的準確性。如果是根據(jù)英文釋義寫單詞的題，則一定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文，切不可脫離原文，隨意發(fā)揮。4 .復讀文章，核實任務在初步完成所要求的任務以后 ，學生必須再仔細閱讀所提供的短文，結合題意、文章和文后提供的任務信息、認真核實任務以保證答題正確。5 .注意讀寫結合任務型閱讀不僅考查學生閱讀理解層面的能力，更加注重考查學生“寫”的能力。若是寫單詞，則要注意拼寫正確，詞形、詞性有無變化，是否需要大寫；若所要完成的是短語或

7、句子成分則需謹慎對待，依據(jù)所給題干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么樣的表達方式，不可簡單草率地將文中信息直接挪用?？傊蝿招烷喿x理解不同于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解，它介于閱讀理解與寫作之間，教師應該適應新課改的要求，掌握任務型閱讀理解的特點，加強學生任務型閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)?！纠?】（2014 江蘇鎮(zhèn)江6165）Have you ever asked your relatives or friends if there is Wi-Fi in their houses? Have you ever searched for Wi-Fi when you are at restaurants or ho

8、tels? The answers will probably be Yes ”. Most of us want Wi-Fi everywhere as if we cant live without it. But we can only use free Wi-Fi in some public places. We still have to spend some money accessing（ 連接）the Internet at most time. Here comes a piece of good news.A rich,powerful organization in t

9、he USA called the Media Development Investment Fund（MDIF） has decided to change the age of online computing（計算）completely by giving free Wi-Fi to every person on Earth. They will send up hundreds of satellites into low Earth orbit（軌道）in 2015.This is because they have made a survey and found that onl

10、y 60% of the worlds population have been able to get information on the Internet. And this isalso becausemany countries are unable to offer people the necessary infrastructure（基礎設施）to access the web.We can expect to use free Wi-Fi everywhere in the near future.閱讀以上信息，用恰當?shù)脑~完成下面的表格，每空一詞。Many of us wan

11、t Wi-Fi everywhere as if we cant livePresent situationwithout it.Accessing the Internet1 us some money.What theorganization will doMDIF has made a decision to send up hundreds of satellites into low Earth orbit in 2015 so that for every person on Earth,there will be free Wi-Fi2 .3Only 60% of the wor

12、lds population have been able toget information on the Internet.Many countries cant4 people with the necessaryinfrastructure to access the web.What we can expectFree Wi-Fi will5 the world in the near future.【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了當下非常流行的Wi-Fi。當你到親戚或朋友家或在餐廳或賓館，都免不了去搜尋Wi-Fi,這些里面有的Wi-Fi是免費的,而有的是收費 的。令人高興的

13、是美國一家有實力的組織MDIF到2015年將為全球的人們提供免費的Wi-Fi。【答案】1. costs根據(jù)文章第段句子 “We still have to spend some money accessing（ 連接）the Internet at most time.”可知搜尋網(wǎng)絡花很多錢，所以填costs。2. available 根據(jù)文章第二段句子“（MDIF） has decided to change the age of online computing（ 計算）completely by giving free Wi-Fi to every person on Earth. ”

14、可知在2015 年 MDIF將提供免費的 Wi-Fi,所以說到2015年全球將有免費的Wi-Fi可以使用的?？梢岳玫囊猘vailable來表示。3. Reason（s）/Cause（s）根據(jù)文章第三段句子“This is because they have made a survey and found that only 60% of the worlds population have been able to get information on the Internet.”中的關鍵詞because可知，這些是 MDIF為人們提供免費 Wi-Fi 的原因。4. provide根據(jù)文章第

15、三段句子“many countries are unable to offer people thenecessary infrastructure（基礎設施）to access the web ”中的關鍵詞offer可知很多國家不能夠為人們提供搜尋網(wǎng)絡的基礎設施。provide sb. with sth. 表示“為某人提供某物”。5. cover/s根據(jù)文章最后一段We can expect to use free Wi-Fi everywhere in thenear future.可知在不久的將來，免費的 Wi-Fi將覆蓋全球。cover意為覆蓋:【例2】（2013 山東萊為閱讀短文，根

16、據(jù)要求完成下面各小題。A life coach is somebody who helps you reach all kinds of personal and professional goals（目標）.Each of us has the ability to be our own life coach. Here are some tips for you:誓ay attention to your relationships with othersAsk yourself the following questions:How do you deal with disagreeme

17、nts? When was the last time you showed your family members that you care for them? Your relationships with friends,family members and teachers show a lot about what kind of person you are.*ace the fears about the futureNow,imagine that one of your good friends told you that he or she was not strong

18、enough to go back to school. 3We often give better advice than we are willing to take ourselves. Remember that even the most successful people were probably told that what they wanted to do was impossible,but they followed their dreams and succeed.4Develop your talentsIf you want to reach your goals

19、,you will have to spend more time developing the talents you already have,and uncovering any hidden talents that you havent discovered yet. So you can take classes in subjects that you are interested in,even if you have no experience.4Be thankfulTake some time to be thankful for the things you do ha

20、ve. Remember positive memories. 4Think of the best day(s) you have had in the past months or years. Remember special parties,vacations and holidays. Appreciate the wonderful people you have in your life.A.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容簡要回答問題。1. Which tip do you think influences you most?2. Why should you pay attention to y

21、our relationships with others?B.將短文中畫線的句子譯成漢語。3. 4. C.請給短文擬一個適當?shù)臉祟}。5. 【主旨大意】本文主要講的是我們每個人都是自己的生活導師和如何面對處理生活中的一些問題?！敬鸢浮?. Pay attention to your relationships with others./Face the fears about the future. /Develop your talents. /Be thankful.2. Because your/our/my relationships with others/friends,famil

22、y members and teachers show a lot about what kind of person you/we are/I am.3. 我們經(jīng)常給別人更好的建議，而自己卻不愿接受。4. 想一想在過去的歲月里你擁有的最美好的時光。5. To be your own life coach/Being your own life coach/How to be your own life coach/The tips/suggestions of being your own life coach.專項訓練Passage 1 （2014 江蘇常州Much meaning can

23、 be conveyed（傳送）with our eyes,so it is often said that eyes canspeak. Do you have such kind of experience? In a bus you may look at a stranger,but not too long. And if he is sensing that he is being stared（盯）at,he may feel uncomfortable.The same is in daily life. If you are looked at for more than n

24、ecessary,you will look atyourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong,you will feel angry toward others stare at you that way. Eyes do speak,right?Looking too long at someone may seem to be impolite and even rude. But things aredifferent when it comes to sta

25、re at the opposite sex. If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to turn his eyes away from the woman,his purpose is obvious. That is,he wishes to attract her attention,to make her understand that he is admiring her.However,the normal eye contact for two people during a conver

26、sation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time;in order to make sure that the listener is paying attention to what the speaker is speaking,to tell him that he is interested.If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking,as if he tries to control you,you will feel u

27、ncomfortable. A poor liar（說謊者）usually looks too long at the victim,because hebelieves that looking straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication.In fact,continuous eye contact only happens between two lovers,who will enjoy looking at each other gently for a long time,to show feeling that wor

28、ds cannot express.Obviously,eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the proper situation.Eyes can talk in our daily life. A lot of feelings can be conveyed to others with our eyes. There are a lot of facts to prove it.閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后的表格中填入恰當?shù)膯卧~，每空一詞。You may

29、 feel 1 if you are stared at for more than necessary. And you wonder if there is anything wrong with you. If not,you will feel very angry.When staring at the opposite sex:Looking too long at a woman you 2 means that you want to attract her attention. And most of time,continuous eye contact is just f

30、or two lovers.When having a 3 with others:If the speaker looks at the listener at 4 during the conversation,its a normal eye contact. If the speaker is a liar,looking straight in the eye too long isnt a sign of honest communication.So remember to look at others at the 5 time. If not,it will make oth

31、ers uncomfortable.Passage 2 (2014 湖北鄂州)Everyone has their dream. They give us courage and confidence to keep us going through difficulties. (1)Here is some advice on how to realize our beautiful dreams. Never giving up is the key to making our dreams come true. We may fail from time to time,but we c

32、an learn from failure,correct our mistakes and try again until we achieve our goals. For that reason,no matter what difficulties we meet,we wont fail unless we give up our hopes. Our life is like a long journey which is not all roses. It sometimes has wind and rain. We believe rainbow will appear af

33、ter storms. (2)We will realize our dreams at last if we do our best. Cooperation is also necessary. (3)Everyone likes a person who is good at cooperating with others. (4)除此之外，在我們這個社會里，大多數(shù)困難不可能被一個人單獨 解決。 Each of us is like a part of a machine. If one part isnt in order,the machine cant work well. Its

34、 hard for a person who is away from the society to haveadeepunderstanding of the world. Cooperation is becoming one of the most ways for people living in the developing society. As a saying goes One tree doesnt make a forest.At thesame time,we should learn to examine our abilities because it helps u

35、s know about our advantages and disadvantages as well as get a full control of ourselves. Then we may be confident enough to face challenges. Follow the suggestions above,and our dreams are sure to come true.1 .把(1)處的句子改成復合句。2 .把(2)處的句子改成并列句。3 .把（3）處的句子譯成漢語。4 .把（4）處的句子譯成英語。5 .寫出文章的標題。Passage 3 （2014

36、 江蘇東臺）Now students English handwriting gets worse and worse. That makes their teachers feel worried. Is your English handwriting beautiful? If not,here are four steps that really work!4Use paper that has linesUsing paper that has lines can keep you writing straight when you write English words or se

37、ntences. Those lines on the paper can help you to write words in the right size.Be sure to fill the lined space completely. And make sure those capital letters（大寫字母）are written properly.4Slow downIf your writing is hard to read,try slowing down a little. For some kids,going slower makes the handwrit

38、ing clear. If you write too fast,its hard for you to stop where you should,and even worse,you may make more mistakes.4Hold your pencil rightWhen you hold your pencil the correct way,writing is much easier. Some kids press（按，壓）down really hard when they write. That makes the handwriting not nice. Try

39、 to relax yourself and dont hold the pencil so hard. Let your writing appear nice and clean.If you do so,people will guess you are a student with a good habit.4Draw more picturesDrawing can improve your handwriting. You need to use the skills to control your pencil better when you are drawing pictur

40、es. Even though you have no chance to draw at school,you can practice by yourself at home.Handwriting is very important. Imagine you are a world-famous movie star or a well-known sports player,what do you do when your fans run up to you? Give them your autographs（親筆簽名）,of course!閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成表格中所缺

41、信息，每空一詞。Four 1 to make your handwriting beautiful Use paper2 lines Using paperthat has lines can stop you from writing up or3 when you write English words orsentences. Be sure to fill the lined space completely. And make sure those capital letters are written 4 .Slow downTry slowing down a little. I

42、f you write too fast,its hard for you to stop where you should,and you may make more 5 .6 your pencil right. When you hold your pencil the correct way,writing is much 7_. Try to be8 and dont hold the pencil so hard.Draw more picturesWhile 9 pictures,you need to use the skills to control your pencil

43、better. Even though you have no chance to draw at school,you can practice10 at home.Passage 4 （2013 廣東下面是一篇關于個人愛好的文章。請仔細閱讀，然后根據(jù)信息卡內(nèi)容的要求填入相關信息。I have many hobbies,such as reading,skating,playing tennis and watching TV. But reading is my favorite hobby.I like reading for three reasons. First of all,bo

44、oks introduce me to a new world,which is colorful and without time and space limit. Through reading,I can go back to ancient Egypt. I can also go to the United States,a great land I have been longing to visit.Secondly,reading can improve myself by showing me a new horizon（見識）.In the past few years,I

45、 have got most of my knowledge from books. I have learned from many people by reading about their ideas on science,politics,life and society.Thirdly,reading can bridge the gap（ 差品巨）between my dream and my goal. In order to succeed in my career（事業(yè)）in the future,I must keep reading,thinking and practi

46、cing. Reading has become a part of my life. During the day,I spend some time reading books,newspapers and magazines. At night,I can hardly go to sleep without a novel in my hand.Information CardWhat other hobbies does the writer have besides reading?Three reasons why the writer likes reading（2） （4）

47、What to read?Passage 5 (2013 江蘇連云港)Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife,a nurse,In 1982 they (A) the Philippines,with a group of volunteers to help children who had problems with their faces. These children had holes in their lips or inside their mouths. It was very (B)difficult for

48、these children to eat.They helped many children in the Philippines,but they were sad,because (C) 他們沒有 足夠白勺錢 to help all the children. They decided to start a charity so that they could help them. They called Operation Smile.Now Operation Smile helps children (D)more than twenty developing countries

49、and has cured about ten thousand children. Operation Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999,another special activity was started,which was calledThe World Journey ofHope ”. During this activity,more than five thousand children with holes in their faces and lips were cured in eighteen dif

50、ferent countries around the world.Operation Smile also trains doctors in developing countries so that they can continue to help children even (E) the Operation Smile team has left the country. Children with serious problems are brought to the USA for treatment(治療).(F)All of this costs alot,so please

51、 give as much as possible. Many thanks from the children who can smile.1 .在(A)和(E)空白處分別填入適當?shù)膯卧~。A E2 .分別寫出畫線部分(B)和(D)處的同義詞或近義詞。B D3 .將畫線部分（C）處翻譯成漢語。C4 .將畫線部分（F）處改寫為同義句。All of this5 .找出能說明本文的中心大意的主題短語：.Passage 6 （2013 江蘇連云港二模）Do you find enough time for laughing? Im not asking if you experience lots o

52、f good times. Of course,we should laugh during the happy times. But do you also laugh during the difficult times?Erma Bombeck is known for her funny books. But she wrote one about a more serious subject-cancer（ 癌癥）in children. The book is titled,I WANTED TO GROW HAIR,I WANT TO GROW UP. Erma talks wi

53、th many children who have cancer and learns important lessons from them. She learns,for example,that cancer survivors（幸存者）knowhow they should smile at life,though they are receiving chemotherapy（化療）.She tells about the experience of 15-year-old Jessica. Jessicas leg was cut off at the knee because o

54、f cancer. She was learning to wear a prosthesis（ 假肢）.Jessica told about playing soccer. She hit the ball hard with her foot. The ball flew off in one direction（方向）while her man-made leg flew another way. Then the brave girl lay on the floor,laughing happily.As the saying goes（ 正如諺語所說 ）,Theres a time

55、 to cry and a time to laugh. Do you find plenty of time to laugh? You can if you find reasons to laugh during the difficult times.Survivors know how to laugh. If you can laugh even when youre in trouble,you will make it.資料Remember,laugh and the whole world laugh with you. Cry and you cry alone!任務一根據(jù)

56、短文內(nèi)容回答問題：1. When do we usually laugh,during the happy times or during the difficult times?2. What important lessons does Erma learn from many children?任務二選擇最佳答案3. Why was Jessicas leg cut off at the knee? Because .A. she has cancerB. she wrote a book.C. she has troubleD. she flew another way4. What do survivors know to do during the different times? They A. know why to laughB. know how to cryC. know how to laughD. know when to cry任務三把短文中的黑體字部分翻譯成漢語：5. 參考答案與解析Passage 1資料【主旨大意】本文主要介紹一個人的眼睛盯著某人超過十秒鐘的話，對方就會感覺不舒服，甚至會覺得沒有禮貌。如果盯著一個女性，他的目的是很