初中并列句講解與練習(xí)

1、并 列 句一、并列連詞大觀園連接具有并列關(guān)系的詞、短語或句子的連詞叫做并列連詞。根據(jù)其意義，并列連詞又分為表示并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇和因果等四種關(guān)系的連詞。關(guān)系連詞例句并列關(guān)系and / both . and ./ not only . but also ./ neither . nor .My father is a teacher and my mother is a nurse.Neither he nor I like to see this film.Not only I but also he will stay here tomorrow.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系but / however / whi

2、leI like English, but I am not good at it.I am short, while my brother is very tall.選擇關(guān)系or / either . or .You can read this book or that one.Either she or you are going there with me.因果關(guān)系so / forIt was late, so I went home at once.It is morning now, for the birds begin to sing.下面整理并列句的口訣：and 表示順承whi

3、le表示對比but/yet表示轉(zhuǎn)折for/so表示因果or/either .or 表示選擇when和and/then表示時間and/so/neither/nor表示并列not only.but also/neither. nor表示遞進(jìn)二、并列句的構(gòu)成：并列句是由并列連詞and，but，or，for，so等把兩個或兩個以上互不依從，但意思緊密聯(lián)系的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句。三、并列句的分類：1. 表示同等關(guān)系的并列句這類并列句常用并列連詞and連接前后簡單句，and常譯為"和"、"并且"，也可不譯出來。例如：He l

4、ikes playing football and he plays well.他喜歡踢足球，并且踢得很好。Last year l met Kate and we became friends.去年我和凱特相遇，我們成了朋友。2. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句這類并列句常用并列連詞but(但是)，yet(可是)，while(而，另一方面)，however(可是)等連接前后簡單句，but常譯為"但是"，"可是"，切不可與從屬連詞though或although一起使用。例如：It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它沒有嘴巴，但是它會說話

5、。School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.學(xué)校放學(xué)了，可是老師們?nèi)匀辉诠ぷ?。He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist. 他想當(dāng)作家，而我則想當(dāng)科學(xué)家。It's raining hard, however, we must go out. 雨下得很大，然而我們必須出去。3. 表示選擇關(guān)系的并列句這類并列句常用并列連詞or(或者，否則)等連接前后簡單句。or有兩重含義：(1)譯為"或者"，表示選擇。例如：Now you can ha

6、ve a rest or you can go to the cinema現(xiàn)在你可以休息，或者去看電影。(2)譯為"否則"、"要不然"，表示條件。例如：You must tell the truth，or you will be punished你必須說真話，否則你將會受到懲罰。4. 表示因果關(guān)系的并列句這類并列句常用并列連詞for，so等連接前后簡單句。(1)for在意義上與從屬連詞because，since和as相同，但它們引導(dǎo)的是原因狀語從句，而for則連接兩簡單句，前者表示結(jié)果，后者表示原因。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：簡單句(結(jié)果)+for+簡單句(原因)。例如

7、：He has many good friends, for he is an honest man。他有許多好朋友，因?yàn)樗莻€誠實(shí)的男子漢。(2)so意為"因此"、"所以"，但不能與because同時出現(xiàn)在同一個句子中。因?yàn)閎ecause是從屬連詞，而是并列連詞，用來連接并列句。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：簡單句(原因) +so牛簡單句(結(jié)果)。例如：Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead李老師回家鄉(xiāng)去了，所以王老師替二課。5. 其他形式的并列句(1)"祈使句+

8、and+簡單句"。其中祈使句表示一個條件，并列連詞and引導(dǎo)的簡單句則表示一個較好的結(jié)果，謂語常用一般將來時。例如：Use your head, and you will find away動腦筋，你就會想出辦法來。(2)"祈使句+or+簡單句"。祈使句表示一個條件，并列連詞or后的簡單句則表示一個不愉快或不理想的結(jié)果。例如：Study hard, or you Will fall behind the others努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則你就會落于別人。(3)"either.or"結(jié)構(gòu)表示"不是就是"，"或者或者"

9、;，例如：Either my uncle can do it, or my aunt can do it. 我叔叔可以做那件事，或者我嬸嬸也可以做。習(xí)慣上將兩個句子合并成Either my uncle or my aunt can do it.(4) "not onlybut also"意思為"不僅而且"，例如：not only the students have missed the school car, but also the teacher has missed the school car.不僅學(xué)生，而且他們的老師都誤了校車。(5) &quo

10、t;neithernor"結(jié)構(gòu)，意為"既不也不"，"兩者都不"，用法與either or,not only but also相同。四、使用并列句要注意的幾種情況1. 并列句有時可不用連詞，而用分號隔開(前后句之間的關(guān)系須相當(dāng)緊密)。例如：We fished all day; we didnt catch a fish.我們釣了一天的魚，一條魚也沒釣到。2. 并列連詞后的簡單句如果與其前的簡單句有相同的部分，則相同的部分?？墒÷?。例如：My father works in a factory and my mother in a school.我

11、父親在工廠工作，母親在學(xué)校工作。3. 由so, nor, neither連接的并列句，后一簡單句為避免重復(fù),其成份常倒裝并省略一些。例如：He is not a student, nor am I. 他不是學(xué)生,我也不是。Beibei can swim, so can I. 貝貝會游泳,我也會。練習(xí)：一、單項(xiàng)選擇1I like fish， _ my brother doesn't like it.AsoBorCforDbut2Mr Zhang felt a little tired， _ he still went on workingAbutBandCsoDor3Will you b

12、e free on Saturday morning ？ -No, I won't , _ I'll be free on Monday afternoon.AbutBforCandDso4Miss Gao is badly ill， _ she is still working very hard.AbutBandCsoDor5Hurry up， _ you won't catch the early bus.AbutBandCorDso6Go along the road， _ you'll find the market at the end o

13、f itAwhenBandCorDthough7I help him _ he helps me. We help each other （互相）AbutBandCor8_ Saturday _ Sunday is OK. I will be free in these two days.AEither；orBNeither； norCBoth； andDOne； the other9Mr. Zhang felt very tired， _ he needed a good rest.AandBsoCorDbut10_ human beings（人類） _ animals can live w

14、ithout air.ANot only； but alsoBBoth； andCEither； or DNeither； nor11Work hard， _ you'll catch up with others.AandBbutCorDfor12Have you got any brothers _ sisters？  - I have a sister.AnorBorCbutDfor13Be quick， _ you'll be late for the football match.AsoBbutCandDor14Jim is an American

15、， _ he can speak very good Chinese.AifBsoCbutDbecause15We bought Granny a present， _ she didn't like it.AbutBandCwhenDif16That was our first lesson， _ she didn't know all our namesAforBbutCsoDor17The boy is only ten， _ he can do some washing himselfAthoughBbutCorDso18He is listening to the m

16、usic _ he is washing clothesAafterBbeforeCthatDwhile二、從方框中所給的并列詞中，選出正確的一個，完成句子。and   or   so     but    because     though1. Open the door_ let the cool air in.2. There are few new words in the article, _we couldnt understand it.3. I like beef, _my father doesnt like it.4. We finished the homework quickly _ it was very easy.5. Be more careful, _ youll have an accident.6. Its raining very hard,