過去分詞專題訓(xùn)練含答案

1、過去分詞講與練1. 分詞的定義:動(dòng)詞的-ed分詞即過去分詞，是由動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成，一般只有一種形式。2. 過去分詞的語法作用： 過去分詞一方面具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，另一方面也相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞或副詞，在句中可以作表語、定語、狀語和補(bǔ)足語。一 過去分詞作表語，主要表示主語的心理感覺或所處的狀態(tài)。如：(1）感到。的，指人時(shí)常用過去分詞作表語, interested, excited,interested感興趣的, tired疲勞的, pleased高興的, surprised吃驚的(2）表示完成的或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作常用過去分詞作表語, closed關(guān)閉的, lost丟失的, known著名的married已婚

2、的, gone遺失的, worried擔(dān)憂的(3) seated/dressed /broken /based固定用過去分詞作表語;(4）get+過去分詞作表語（get paid/changed/drunk/burnt/lost/hurt/injurieed/criticized drowned）例如：Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜歡那禮服的式樣。He _ _ after reading the lett

3、er看完信后, 他看起來擔(dān)憂。He _ _ _ at the idea聽到這個(gè)想法, 他似乎相當(dāng)高興。I _ _ _ at the news 聽了這消息我非常高興。二 過去分詞做定語過去分詞作定語位置前置定語：單個(gè)動(dòng)詞過去分詞后置定語：過去分詞短語意義及物動(dòng)詞過去分詞：表示被動(dòng)、完成不及物動(dòng)詞過去分詞：表示完成與定語從句轉(zhuǎn)換I found a lot of moved students, who were deeply moved by the moving film.China is still a developing country while Japan is already a de

4、veloped country. The astonished expression on his face suggested that he knew nothing about the matter.The seated students suddenly found all the seats were broken ones.We need more qualified teachers. 我們需要更多合格的教師。過去分詞短語作定語通常放在被修飾的詞后面，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。如：Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活動(dòng)嗎？The

5、suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.過去分詞作定語也可用作非限制性定語，前后用逗號(hào)隔開。如：The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 將劃線部分轉(zhuǎn)換成定語從句We drank some boiled water and went on with our work. (=which ha

6、d boiled )He didnt turn up at the meeting held yesterday. (=th e meg whih was held yesa .)I found it hard to understand the English spoken by native villagers. (=th e Enlh whch was spoen b y natve villers .) _ 被污染的空氣 _ 落葉三 過去分詞做狀語過去分詞做狀語結(jié)構(gòu)1. 過去分詞短語+逗號(hào)+主句2. 主句+逗號(hào)+過去分詞短語意義說明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生的背景或情景，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步

7、、伴隨情況等，表示被動(dòng)或完成。邏輯主語：主句的邏輯主語與狀語從句或“連詞+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換過去分詞作狀語，修飾謂語，大多說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情景，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語從句。一般說來，這一結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語是主句的主語。表示被動(dòng)或完成。 表時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，有時(shí)過去分詞前可加連詞when或while來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念.如：Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his lif

8、e to the cause of the Party.表原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。如：Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. 表?xiàng)l件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句，有時(shí)過去分詞前可用if等詞。如：Given another chance, he will do better.再給他一次機(jī)會(huì)，他會(huì)做

9、得更好。Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English.If heated, water can be turned into steam.水如果被加熱，會(huì)變成水蒸氣。表讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。如：Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber.盡管已經(jīng)跑得筋疲力盡，他們還是繼續(xù)追趕著那個(gè)強(qiáng)盜。Laughed at by many people, he continue

10、d his study. 盡管被許多人嘲笑，他還是繼續(xù)他的研究。表方式或伴隨情況。如：The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job. 將過去分詞短語轉(zhuǎn)換成從句。Seen from the space, the earth looks blue.=When I t is see n from space, the earth looks blue.Kept in refrigerator, these vege

11、tables will remain fresh.=If the y are ke pt in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.=A s th ey we re deeply moved , the children began to cry.She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter. =She walked out of the house,

12、a nd w as followed by her little daughter.Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret. =Althoug h e was be aten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.四 過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語過去分詞做賓補(bǔ)意義1. 說明賓語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，表示被動(dòng)意義或已完成意義。2. 過去分詞與賓語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓（被動(dòng)關(guān)系）結(jié)構(gòu)1. 介詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語2. 主語+謂語+賓語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞動(dòng)詞1.表“希望”“意愿” “愛憎”“要求”的動(dòng)詞：w

13、ant, wish, expect, like, hate, order2.表感覺或思維活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞(短語) feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, look at, observe, notice, find, think, consider3. 表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞 have, make, get, keep, leave 過去分詞可以在see, hear, notice, watch, find, get, have, feel, make, leave, keep等詞后與一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，用作賓語補(bǔ)語。如：When will you go to t

14、he hospital and have your tooth examined? 你什么時(shí)候去醫(yī)院檢查你的牙齒？When you are making a speech, you should speak louder to make yourself heard.當(dāng)這類句子變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，過去分詞用作主語補(bǔ)語。如：One of the glasses was found broken. 有人發(fā)現(xiàn)其中一個(gè)杯子破了。They should be kept informed of the situation there. 應(yīng)該讓他們知道那兒的形勢。完成下列句子With many flowers

15、(plant) around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.They left without a dish (touch)._ _ _ _ _ _ _. 他昨天拔了牙。_ _ _ _ _once a month. 我每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _你應(yīng)該說大聲點(diǎn)讓別人聽到。_ . _ _ _ _ 人們發(fā)現(xiàn)水被污染了。I _ _ _ _ on Sunday.我想在星期天完成工作。He wont _ such _ _ at the meeting.他不喜歡這樣的問題在會(huì)上討論。五 特別注意1. “have

16、+賓語+done”結(jié)構(gòu)有三個(gè)含義 (請人)把某事做完。 She had her house repaired 她請人把屋子修好了。 Where did you have your hair cut? 你在哪兒理的發(fā)? 遭遇某種意外情況。 He had his hat blown away on his way home 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。 She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的錢包被偷了。 完成某事 (自己也可能參與)。 I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected 我把所有的拼寫錯(cuò)誤都改正了

17、。 He has had one thousand yuan saved this year 他今年已存了1000元。 2. 過去分詞和ing分詞作表語的區(qū)別過去分詞作表語通常表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或感受，而-ing分詞作表語多表示主語所具有的特征，如：Hearing the news, we felt very surprised. The news is very surprising. 這個(gè)消息很令人驚訝。They were frightened to hear the frightening sound. 他們聽到那可怕的聲音很害怕。At the sight of the moving s

18、cene, all the people present were moved to tears. 英語中這樣的分詞還有很多，如：amusing, amused; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; exciting, excited; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; worrying, worried; tiring, tired; pleasing, pleased; interesting, interested; astonishing, astonished等。

19、3. 用分詞短語作狀語時(shí)，還應(yīng)注意在句子主語和分詞短語之間不能使用并列連詞。如： 誤Not knowing what to do，so she asked her friends for advice 正Not knowing what to do，she asked her friends for advice 4. 如果分詞的邏輯主語和主句的主語不是同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，就要用從句或獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)代替分詞短語作狀語。如： As it was Sunday，the streets were especially crowded 或：It being Sunday，the streets were e

20、specially crowded 5. 某些現(xiàn)在分詞可用來表示說話人對所說的話所持的看法或態(tài)度，它們已變成固定詞組，在句中作獨(dú)立成分，與句子主語無關(guān)。這類現(xiàn)在分詞常見的有：generally speaking（一般地說），strictly speaking（嚴(yán)格地說），judging from by（從來判斷），talking of（說到），considering（考慮到），supposing（假定）等。如： Generally speaking，it is not easy for a for eigner to learn Chinese well in a short time Con

21、sidering everything，it wasn't abad holiday 6. 分詞作狀語時(shí)，它的邏輯主語應(yīng)和句子主語相一致。分詞與主語之間如果是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，就用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則用過去分詞。例如：主動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)一般時(shí)態(tài)doing done（被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作）進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)doingbeing done（正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）完成時(shí)態(tài)having donedone/having been done（已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）Hearing the good news，we couldn't help jumping with joy（When we heard the goo

22、d news，we couldn't help jumping with joy） Seen from the hills，the West Lake is very beautiful（The West Lake is very beautiful when it is seen from the hills）試題選練一 選擇1. I'm going to have my car .A. to be fixed B. to fix C. fixed D. to fix 2. What's the language in Germany?A. speaking B. s

23、poken C. be spoken D. to speak 3. some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. having been followed by 4. He had his leg in the match yesterday.A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking 5. Most of the people to the party were famous scientists.A. invit

24、ed B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 6. more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back.A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied8. The computer center, last year, is very p

25、opular among the students in this school.A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened9. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose10. The Olympic Games, in 776BC, didn't include women players until 1912.A. first played B. to be first playe

26、d C. first playing D. to be first played11. Don't get in the rain.A. to be caught B. catching C. to catch D. caught12. I found a car in a pool by the side of the road.A. to be stuck B. stuck C. sticking D. stick13. -By the way, when did you get your bedroom ? -Last week.A. to paint B. painted C.

27、 painting D. to be painted14. The children were found in the cave.A. trapping B. trapped C. to be trapped D. be trapped15. They found a old woman on the ground when the door was broken down.A. dying, lying B. dead, lied C. death, laying D. died, lain16. On a morning the little girl was found at the

28、corner of the street.A. freezing, freezing B. freezing, frozen C. frozen, frozen D. frozen, freezing17. No one enjoys fun of in public.A. making B. being made C. to be made D. to make18. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word .A. speaking B. spoken C. to be spoken D. spea

29、k19. from space, the earth, with water seventy percent of its surface, looks like a blue ball.A. Seen, covered B. Seen, covering C. Seeing, covering D. Seeing, covered 20. An crowd is awaiting the arrival of the film star.A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitedly二 選擇適當(dāng)?shù)姆衷~1 He's such a _ guy.

30、 He only ever talks about himself. (bored / boring) 2 I'm very _ in films and theatre. (interested / interesting) 3 It was a very _ situation. (interested / interesting) 4 There's been some very _ news. (surprised / surprising)5 It was a very _ situation. (interested / interesting) 6 There&#

31、39;s been some very _ news. (surprised / surprising) 7 Dad always arrives home from work _ . (exhausted / exhausting) 8 He's always showing off. It's really _ . (annoyed / annoying) 9 I think Alex is one of the most _ people I've ever met. He can't keep still for a second. (annoyed /

32、 annoying) 10 I walked into this restaurant and there was Andy with a strange woman. He seemed really _ . (embarrassed / embarrassing) 三 請根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。1. _ ( 受到鄰居們的表揚(yáng) ) , he became the pride of his parents.2. _ ( 如果給予更多的時(shí)間 ) , I'll be able to do it better.3. _ ( 心中充滿了希望與恐懼 ) , he entered the cav

33、e.4. _ （從山頂往下看） , the city looked like a big garden.5. _ （被他的話所感動(dòng)） , I accepted his present.6. _ （腿部受了傷） , he couldn't walk any further.7. _ （及時(shí)吃藥） , the medicine will be quite defective.8. _ （除非被邀請講話） , you should remain silent at the conference.9. The old man went into the room, _ （由兒子扶著） .10.

34、 _ （受到很多人的嘲笑） , they continued study.四 用適當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語動(dòng)詞形式填空1. She caught the student _ (cheat) in exams. 2. When I got there, I found him _ (repair) farm tools. 3. When I got there, I found the farm tools _. (repair) 4. Just then he heard someone _ (call) for help. 5. He worked so hard that he got his pay _. (raise) 6. The missing boys were last seen _(play) near the river. 7. _(compare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful. 8. The workers