賓語從句公開課教案

1、公開課教案執(zhí)教人：撒拉溪中學(xué) 周禮秀2014年9月17日The teaching contents(教學(xué)內(nèi)容)：Object Clauses(賓語從句)The teaching goals(教學(xué)目標(biāo))：1.掌握賓語從句的慨念，構(gòu)成和用法.2.掌握賓語從句的三類引導(dǎo)詞3. 掌握賓語從句的時態(tài)變化4. 掌握賓語從句的語序The teaching important points(教學(xué)重點)1.賓語從句的慨念2.賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞3.賓語從句的語序4.賓語從句的時態(tài)變化The teaching difficult points(教學(xué)難點)1.賓語從句的時態(tài)變化2.if和wether的區(qū)別3. when

2、與if的用法The teaching process(教學(xué)過程)Step 1.Lead-in復(fù)習(xí)書上的內(nèi)容導(dǎo)入新課（P9）, (叫學(xué)生劃分這些句子的成分,引出該堂課的教學(xué)內(nèi)容賓語從句)Step 2. Presentaion一. 概念：置于動詞、介詞等詞性后面起賓語作用的從句叫賓語從句。如：,He said he was good at drawing. (動詞賓語)He began to think about what he should do. 他開始考慮應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣做。(介詞賓語)。（此外，除了謂語動詞、介詞能帶賓語從句外，動詞不定式，動名詞形式后面也能帶賓語從句，還有些形容詞（afraid

3、,sure,glad等）之后也可以帶賓語從句。）二.結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+謂語+連接詞+賓語從句三.種類：根據(jù)引詞不同，賓語從句可分為三類。1.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如果賓語從句是由陳述句充當(dāng)，用that引導(dǎo)，that無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如：The teacher said (that) he is a good student .The teacher said (that )the earth goes round the sun。The teacher said (that) light travels much faster than sound.(舉此例是為下面講時態(tài)作鋪墊

4、)2.由if或whether引導(dǎo)的當(dāng)賓語從句。如果賓語從句是由一般疑問句充當(dāng)，就用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。如：I dont know if whether it will rain today。在賓語從句中，if和whether通常可以互換，但在下列情況下只能用whether：在具有選擇意義，尤其是直接與or not連用時，往往用whether（ifor not也可以使用）。如：I dont know whether or not it will rain today。(=I dont know if it will rain or not today。在介詞之后用whethe

5、r。如：Im thingking about whether it will rain today.若用if會引起歧義時，則用whether。如：Please let me know if it will rain today.可理解為：aPlease let me know whether it will rain today.請告訴我今天會不會下雨。bIf it will rain today.，please let me know如果今天會下雨，請告訴我。whether置于句首時，不能換用if。如：Whether it will rain or not today，Icant say今天

6、會不會下雨，我說不上來。引導(dǎo)主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。如：Whether it will rain or not today is still a question今天會不會下雨還是個問題。The question is whether it will rain or not today問題是今天會不會下雨。在不定式前用whether。如：I havent decided whether to go to Beijing in National Day.(= I havent decided to whether/if I would go to Beijing in Natio

7、nal Day.3.由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如果賓語從句是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。如：I want to know how you studied English before.I want to know why he didnt come yesterday.I want to know where he will go tomorrow.I want to know what you are doing now.I want to know what you were doing this time yesterday.I want to know when you

8、go to school in the morning.She wanted to know how you studied English before.She wanted to know why he didnt come yesterday.She wanted to know where he would go tomorrow.She wanted to know what you were doing then.She wanted to know what you were doing this time yesterday.She wanted to know when yo

9、u go to school in the morning.She wanted to know what your names are.注意：if和when既可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句，應(yīng)注意它們在兩種從句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，分別意為“是否”和“何時”，其時態(tài)應(yīng)和主句時態(tài)相呼應(yīng)；它們引導(dǎo)狀語從句時，意思分別為“如果，假如”和“當(dāng)時候”，當(dāng)主句時態(tài)是一般將來時時，其時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時。因此，遇到它們就要認(rèn)真分析一下，它們究竟是引導(dǎo)什么從句。如：If it rains tomorrow, I wont come.（時間狀語從句）I dont know if

10、 it will rain tomorrow. （賓語從句）I want to know when you go to school in the morning. （賓語從句）When you go to school,please tell me. （時間狀語從句）4.歸納總結(jié)：當(dāng)賓語從句是由陳述句充時，用that引導(dǎo)；當(dāng)賓語從句是由一般疑問句充當(dāng)時，用if或whether引導(dǎo)；如果賓語從句是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。四. 時態(tài)（一致性原則）引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從所舉例子當(dāng)中歸納總結(jié)得出：含賓語從句的復(fù)合句，主、從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)應(yīng)包括以下三點內(nèi)容：1）如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時

11、，從句的謂語動詞可根據(jù)需要，選用相應(yīng)的任何時態(tài)。2）如果主句的謂語動詞是過去時，賓語從句的謂語動詞要根據(jù)需要，選用過去（即一般過去時、過去進(jìn)行時、過去將來時或過去完成時）的某一種形式。(詳見下表)主句時態(tài) 從句時態(tài) 連接前連接后 一般現(xiàn)在時時態(tài)保持不變一般過去時 一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時 一般過去時一般過去時一般將來時 過去將來時 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 過去進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時3）如果賓語從句所表示的是客觀事實、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象或習(xí)慣性動作等，不管主句用什么時態(tài)，從句時態(tài)都用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：五.語序：陳述句語序。(引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從例子中歸納總結(jié)得出)六. 賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞為thin

12、k, guess, suppose, believe等，且主語為第一人稱時，從句若表示否定，一般將否定詞not轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語中，這就叫作“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”。如：“我認(rèn)為他不是一個好學(xué)生”這句話不能說成I think （that） he is not a good student.而是要說成I dont think （that） he is a good student.但是如果動詞為非一般現(xiàn)在時或主語不是第一人稱時，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：She thinks（that）he is not a good student.I thought ( that) he is not a good student.

13、七從句的簡化1. 當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是find，see，watch，hear等感官動詞時，從句常簡化為“賓語賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lying on the ground.2. 當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主語與從句主語相同時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She a

14、greed to help me with my maths.3. 在連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“連接代詞/副詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station? Can you tell me how to get to the station?八.人稱的變化和標(biāo)點的使用(八年級學(xué)直接引語轉(zhuǎn)化成間接引語時講過，這里不重點講，只作簡單的復(fù)習(xí))1. 從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。如： “Ma

15、y I use your knife?” He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number?” He asked me.He asked me if I know her telephone number.2. 賓語從句的標(biāo)點均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號；主句是疑問句，用問號。如：Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk.Do you know? Where doe

16、s he live? Do you know where he lives?Step 3、Practice【中考范例】1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived （北京市中考試題）【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語序和時態(tài)，所以應(yīng)選D。2. Would you please tell me _? （上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題） A. when did he com

17、e home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。主句用的實際上是現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句在這個句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語序和一般過去時。3. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave （哈爾濱市中考試題）【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是賓