八上英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)加習(xí)題

1、人生若沒(méi)有一段想起來(lái)就熱淚盈眶的奮斗史，那這一生就白活了。共勉英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)提綱要點(diǎn)第一部分 英語(yǔ)四種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的內(nèi)容，大家在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時(shí)，往往對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)總是倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復(fù)習(xí)一下這幾種時(shí)態(tài)。 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： 概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞 （如果主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式）否定形式：am/i

2、s/are+not; 此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加dont, 如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。 一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。 基本用法1） 表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征和真理。句中常用 often, usually, every day 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如： a. He goes to school every day. b. He is very happy. c.The earth moves around the sun.2) 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中

3、，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。例如：a. If you come this afternoon, well have a meeting.b. When I graduate, Ill go to countryside.3) 有時(shí)這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（句中都帶有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)），但限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。例如：a. The meeting begins at seven. b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 二、

4、一般過(guò)去時(shí)： 概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/year,/night,/month, in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式；行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。 一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did

5、提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。 三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： 概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time, these days, etc. （look! Listen!）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。 基本用法： a. 表示現(xiàn)在（指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)）正在發(fā)生的事情。例如： We are waiting for you. 我們正在等你。 b. 習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。例如： Mr. Green is writing another no

6、vel. 他在寫另一部小說(shuō)。（說(shuō)話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。） c. 表示漸變，這樣的動(dòng)詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如： The leaves are turning red. 葉子在變紅。 Its getting warmer and warmer. 天越來(lái)越熱了。 d. 與always, forever 等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說(shuō)話人的主觀色彩。例如： You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。 不用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞 1）表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如know,

7、realize, think，see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。 例如：I need your help. 我需要你的幫助。 He loves her very much. 他愛(ài)她很深。 2） 瞬間動(dòng)詞，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。 例如：I accept your advice. 我接受你的勸

8、告。 3） 系動(dòng)詞，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。 例如： You seem a little tired. 你看上去有點(diǎn)累。 四、一般將來(lái)時(shí)： 概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day/week/month/year, soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are going to + V原；will/shall + V

9、原. 否定形式：am/is/are not going to +V原; will/shall + not+V原 一般疑問(wèn)句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首?；居梅?） shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時(shí)常用于第二人稱。 例如：Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先讀哪一段呢？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點(diǎn)回家好嗎？ 2）be going to +V原，表示將來(lái)。 a. 主語(yǔ)的意圖，即將做某事。例如：What are you

10、 going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？ b. 計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。 例如：The play is going to be produced next month。這出戲下月開播。 c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏云，快要下雨了。 英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)綜合練習(xí)（一）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一. 用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Miss Guo _ (teach) us Chinese this term. She _ (be) a very good teacher. She often

11、 _ (talk) with us after class. Many of us like _ (talk) with her. 2. Where _ their father_ (work)? He _ (work) on a farm.3. What time _ the shop _ (close)? It _ (close) at nine oclock in the evening. 4. He _ (go) to school by bus every day.5. Tom can not walk fast because he _ (carry) a heavy box.6.

12、 She often _ (read) English in the evening.7. She _ (go) to school at eight oclock.8. He usually _ up at 17:00. (get)9. She _ (live) in Beijing.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. I like the red sofa. (變否定句)2. She has a nice cap. (變一般疑問(wèn)句，并做肯定及否定回答)3. I am a bus driver. (變一般疑問(wèn)句并做肯定回答)4. They play football in the garden everyd

13、ay. (變成否定句)5. There is an egg in the basket.(變成復(fù)數(shù)形式的句子)（2） 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一將下列動(dòng)詞變成過(guò)去式。look_ watch_ like_ hope_ decide_ plan_ stop_ carry_ study_ play_ stay_ let_ put_ read_ catch _ teach_ buy_ bring_ think _ sit_ write_ drive_ ring_ sink_ run_ give_ win _ know _ grow_ throw_ draw _ show_ feel_ sleep_ keep_ sw

14、eep_ meet_二、 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I_ (buy) a new dictionary the day before yesterday.2. What day_ (be) it yesterday? It_ (be) Friday.3. He_ (be) here half an hour ago.4. We often_ (play) games last term.5. She_ (give) me a book a moment ago.6. The girl_ (get) up very early this morning.7. They_ (take)

15、 photos near the river an hour ago.8. He _(not watch) TV yesterday evening.9. Why_ (be) the boy late for school? Because he _(be) ill.10. Mr. Green _ (come) to visit me last night.11. The teacher_ (agree) to our idea yesterday.12. They_ (make) him work twelve hours a day last year. 13. I_ (see) him

16、in the library two days ago.14. She_ (write) her address on the blackboard ten minutes ago.3、 按要求改寫下列各句。1. I was at home this morning. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作否定回答)2. He did morning exercises in the morning. (改為否定句)3. They had a big dinner yesterday. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作肯定回答) 4. I went to see my uncle last Sunday. (改為否定句

17、)四、選擇填空。1. What did your father do when he was in England? He _in a car factory. A. work B. worked C. is working D. will work2. _ he _at this school last term? Yes, I think so. A. Did; studyB. Does; study C. Was; studyD. Did; studied3. Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday, Dick? John_. .A. cleaned B

18、. does C. did D. is4. There _a lot of people at the street corner when the accident (事故) happened (發(fā)生).A. wasB. were C. have beenD. had5. He turned off the lights and then_ . A. leavesB. left C. will leaveD. is leaving6. Hi, Kate. You look tired. Whats the matter? I _well last night. A. didnt sleepB

19、. dont sleepC. havent sleptD. wont sleep7. Jenny went into the room, took off his coat and _down on a sofa. A. would sitB. was sitting C. satD. had sat 8. Everyone_ there when the meeting began.A. wasB. is C. areD. Were9. - Your phone number again? I _ quite catch it. - Its 69568442. A. didnt B. cou

20、ldnt C. dont D. cant （三）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 一、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子:1. What_you_ (do)?2. I_ (sing) an English song.3. What_he_ (mend)?4. He_(mend) a car.5._you_(fly) a kite? Yes, _.6._she_(sit) in the boat?7._you_ (ask) questions?8. We_ (play) games now.二、單項(xiàng)選擇（ ）1.我在照看孩子. (A)I am looking after the baby. (B)Im look afterin

21、g the baby. (C)I look am aftering the baby. (D)I looking after the baby.( ) 2._friends making_a kite. (A)I, me (B) My, my (C)My,me (D)His,his( )3.Is the woman _ yellow your teacher? (A)in (B)putting on (C)wearing (D)having( )4.Look!The twins_their mother do the housework. (A)are wanting (B)help (C)a

22、re helping (D)are looking( )5._are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree. (A)Who (B)What (C)How (D)Where( )6.Is she_something? (A)eat (B)eating (C)eatting (D)eats( )7.你在干什么? (A)What is you doing? (B)What are you do? (C)What are you doing? (D)What do you do?( )8.What are you listening_? (A)/ (B

23、)for (C)at (D)to( )9.我正在聽他說(shuō)話. (A)I listening to him. (B)Im listening to him. (C)Im listen to him. (D)Im listening him.( )10.They are_their clothes. (A)making (B)putting (C)put away (D)putting on( )11.Listen! She_in the classroom. (A)is singing (B)sing (C)to sing (D)is sing( )12.Today Jim_ his white

24、shirt and brown trousers. (A)is putting on (B)wear (C)put on (D)is wearing( )13._are you eating?Im eating_meat. (A)What,some (B)Which,any (C)Where,not (D)What,a( )14.They_TV in the evening.They do their homework.(A)are watching (B)cant watching (C)dont watch (D)dont watching ( )15.The children_footb

25、all. (A)is playing (B)are playing (C)play the (D)play a( )16.They are flying kites. (A)他們喜歡放風(fēng)箏. (B)他們?cè)诜棚L(fēng)箏嗎? (C)他們?cè)诜棚L(fēng)箏. (D)他們常放風(fēng)箏. ( )17.Look,They are swimming in the river.I want_you. (A)to go with (B)go with (C)helping (D)help ( )18.Look.Lucy is_a new bike today. (A)jumping (B)running (C)riding (D)

26、taking（四）一般將來(lái)時(shí)( )1. Her hope _ the 2008 Olympic Games.A. to take part in B. is to take part in C. taking part in D. will take part in( )2. - Can I go to Beijing for my holiday, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older.A. will get B. get C. are getting D. got( )3. If he _harder, he will catch up with us

27、 soon.A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied( )4. - Dont forget to ask him to write to me.- I wont. As soon as he _, Ill ask him to write to you.A. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming( )5. - Jimmy is leaving for a holiday.- Really? Where _ he _?A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go D. would;

28、 go( )6. Frank _ to see his grandma if he _ free tomorrow.A. will come; will be B. comes; isC. will come; is D. comes; will be( )7. There _ a talk on science in our school next Monday.A. will give B. will be C. is going to give D. is( )8. - Shall we go shopping now?- Sorry, I cant. I _ my shirts.A.

29、wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing( )9. I believe that those mountains _ with trees in a few years time.A. are covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover( )10. It is said that about 400 cars _ in the factory next month. A. were produced B. will produce C. are produced D. will be pr

30、oduced( )11. - Are you free this afternoon? - No. Ill have an English composition _ this afternoon. A. to write B. wrote C. to be writing D. to be written( )12. - Come back home every month. - I _. A. will B. must C. should D. can( )13. A robot _ think of itself; it _ be told what to do.A. cant; mus

31、t B. couldnt; can C. may not; will D. mustnt, may第二部分 形容詞副詞的比較級(jí) （形容詞比較級(jí)的基本用法參看課本P114 Grammar）一.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成：1.規(guī)則變化： 一般在詞尾加-er -est例如：calm-calmer-calmest tall-taller-tallest smart-smarter-smartest以字母e結(jié)尾的直接在詞尾加-r -st例如： nice-nicer-nicest fine-finer-finest large-larger-largest以輔音+y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i, 再加-er/-est例如

32、：early-earlier-earliest happy-happier-happiest busy-busier-busiest以重讀閉音節(jié)單個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫輔音字母，再加-er/-est例如：big-bigger-biggest thin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottest fat-fatter-fattest多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)的形容詞在原級(jí)前面加 more/most例如：popular-more popular-most popular important-more important-most important2.不規(guī)則變化：（重點(diǎn)記憶）

33、 好 good / well better best壞 bad / badly /ill worse worst多 many / much more most少 little less least老 old older / elder oldest / eldest遠(yuǎn) far farther /further farthest / furthest注意friendly的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有兩個(gè)：friendlyfriendlier/more friendly friendliest / most friendly二.比較級(jí)的用法：當(dāng)兩個(gè)人或事物（A和B）進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，我們需要用到形容詞（副詞）的原級(jí)

34、或者比較級(jí)。1.原級(jí)比較：表達(dá)A和B(的情況)一樣(1) the same as （P20：1b & P21：2b） 公式: A+ be動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B I am the same tall as you. / His dream is the same as mine. A+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+as+副詞原級(jí)+as+B He runs the same fast as I. /This is the same tool as I used yesterday.(2) asas (= the same as) （P18：2b & P19：G.F./3a） 公式: A+ be動(dòng)詞的否定形式

35、+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B I am as tall as you. A+動(dòng)詞+as+副詞原級(jí)+as+B He runs as fast as I.注意：“A不如B”用not as/soas的結(jié)構(gòu)。公式: A+ be動(dòng)詞的否定形式+as/so+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B I am not as/so tall as you. A+助動(dòng)詞的否定形式+動(dòng)詞原形+as+副詞+as+B He doesnt run as fast as I. 造句：Jim唱的和Tom一樣好。_(the sameas) Jim唱的和Tom一樣好。_ (asas ) Jim唱的不如Tom好。 _ (3)運(yùn)用原級(jí)時(shí)要注意的問(wèn)題：

36、as long as 和.一樣長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)達(dá)之久；只要；既然找出as long as對(duì)應(yīng)的意思，標(biāo)出序號(hào)：It took him as long as 6 hours to do his homework._My rope is as long as yours. _As long as you are going, Ill go too. _As long as you tell truth, Ill try to help you. _另外：請(qǐng)說(shuō)明課本P21：2b部分第一篇文章最后一句中as long as的意思：_2.比較級(jí)：表達(dá)A比B(1) 表示“A比B更”: adj.比較級(jí)+thane.g

37、. I am taller than you. （單音節(jié)）e.g. You are more beautiful than Tina. （多音節(jié)）(2) 表示“兩個(gè)當(dāng)中較的一個(gè)” : the+adj.比較級(jí)of范圍（thetwo/the twins） 注意of后面的范圍!e.g. Tom is thetallerofthetwo. （單音節(jié)）e.g. Tina is themore beautifulofthetwins. （多音節(jié)）(3) 表示“越來(lái)越”: adj.比較級(jí)+and+ adj.比較級(jí)。e.g. Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer. （單音節(jié)） e.g. Our

38、countryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.（多音節(jié)）(4) 表示“越，就越” : The+ adj.比較級(jí), the+adj.比較級(jí) e.g. The bigger, the better. 越大越好。 （單音節(jié)）Themore, thebetter. 越多越好/多多益善。 e.g. Themorecarefulyouare, thefewermistakesyouwillmake.你越細(xì)心，犯錯(cuò)就越少。（多音節(jié)）3.運(yùn)用形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的問(wèn)題：(1) 比較級(jí)前面可以加上表示“優(yōu)劣程度”的詞或短語(yǔ)，意思是“更”，“得”。常見詞有much,alittl

39、e,even,alot,agreatdeal等。（P21：2b ）e.g. HeismuchtallerthanI.他比我要高得多。 Ijumpalittlehigherthanhe.我跳得比他高一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。 He gets even worse than yesterday.他（的病情）比昨天更糟。(2) 特殊用法：比較級(jí)前面可以加上表示具體數(shù)量差別的結(jié)構(gòu),表示具體“大多少”，“小多少”，“長(zhǎng)多少”，“短多少”等。e.g. I am two years older than he.我比他大兩歲。 This building is 20 meters higher than that one.(3

40、) 按語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，than后面的人稱代詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用主格，但口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中有時(shí)會(huì)用賓格代替主格。e.g. HeismorecarefulthanI(me).(4) 要注意比較對(duì)象的一致性：只有同類的事物才能進(jìn)行比較。判斷：A:Herbagisbiggerthanmine.( )HerbagisbiggerthanI. ( ) B: TheweatherinJilinismuchcolderthanthatinHainan. ( ) TheweatherinJilinismuchcolderthanHainan. ( )(5) 要注意比較的范圍判斷：A:Jack is taller than any stud

41、ents in his class. ( ) Jack is taller than any other students in his class. ( ) B: Jack is in Class 1.Jack is taller than any students in Class 2. ( ) Jack is taller than any other students in Class 2. ( ) 填空 China is larger than_ country in Asia. China is larger than_ country in Europe.針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練1. That

42、boylooksas_asaboxer. A.strong B.stronger C.strongest D.morestrong2. TheSummerPalaceis_thanZhongShanpark. A.biger B.morebigC.thebiggestD.bigger3. Whichdoyoulike_,applesororanges? A.good B.better C.best D.well4. -Oh,thefoodisbad. -Ithinkso.Andtheservice(服務(wù))is_. A. theworstB.worseC.badderD.theworse5. -

43、YouhavethesamecoatasI. -No,Mineis_,butnotso_asyours. A.better,expensive B.better,moreexpensive C.muchbetter,moreexpensive D.good,moreexpensive6. TheexpertsthinkthatIndiaspopulationmaybe _thanChinas_2020. A.much,by B.more,in C.larger,by D.larger,on7. Thisyearourschoolis_thanitwaslastyear. A.muchbeaut

44、iful B.themostbeautiful C.beautifulerD.muchmorebeautiful8. _youwork,_knowledgeyouwillget. A.Theharder,more B.Theharder,themore C.Harder,themore D.Harder,more9. Hehas_friendsthanI. A.muchmore B.manymore C.verymore D.toomore10. Shedrawsbetterthan_. （P21：2b ） A.usall B.weall C.allus D.allwe11. Shanghai

45、islargerthan_cityinChina.A.any B.anyother C.theothers D.anyelse12. ImnotsurewhetherMarycansing_Anna. A.aswellas B.asgoodas C.asbetteras形容詞副詞的最高級(jí)（形容詞、副詞最高級(jí)的基本用法參看課本P114 -115Grammar）一.最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則（略）：【參見之前比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則】二.最高級(jí)的用法：當(dāng)三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，我們需要用到形容詞（副詞）的最高級(jí)最高級(jí)的常用句型：1. the+形容詞（副詞）的最高級(jí)：表達(dá)“是中最的”。后可加表范圍的介詞短

46、語(yǔ)或從句。公式：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+（名詞）+表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+（the）+副詞最高級(jí)+表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句E.g. Heisthetallest(student)inourclass. Hejumpsthehighestofthethreeboys. ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.2. oneof+the+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞：表示“最的中一個(gè)”。 E.g. Heisoneofthebeststudentsinourclass. 他是我們班最好的學(xué)生之一。 Thisisoneofthemostbeautifulf

47、lowersinthegarden. 這是花園里最漂亮的花之。3. the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞：表示“第幾大/ 高/長(zhǎng)”。E.g. Huanghe is the second longest river in China. 黃河是中國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)河。4.（特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be ）+ the +最高級(jí)，A，B or C? 用于三選一的選擇疑問(wèn)句。E.g. Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth? 太陽(yáng)、月球和地球哪個(gè)最大？三.最高級(jí)的注意事項(xiàng)1. 形容詞的最高級(jí)前面有定冠詞the,而副詞的最高級(jí)前面定冠詞the可以省略。但在形容詞最高級(jí)前有物主代詞時(shí)，不能要定冠詞the.2. 常見的用來(lái)表示范圍的介詞有in,of,among1）in表示環(huán)境范圍，通常用于在一定范圍內(nèi)的比較，后常接表示區(qū)域、時(shí)間、單位、團(tuán)體等 的名詞或代詞，并且后面的名詞和主語(yǔ)不是同一概念的范疇。E.g. TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestriverinChina. Londonisth