現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)課件(方案C)

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) The Present Perfect Tense一)構(gòu)成:have/has+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞二) 含義:(一)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作同現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系.常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有already, yet, ever, never, just, before等.1.already在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法肯定句肯定句: 句中句中(助后實(shí)前助后實(shí)前)/句末句末 “己經(jīng)己經(jīng)”一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句: 句末句末(表示驚訝的語(yǔ)氣表示驚訝的語(yǔ)氣) “難道難道” Eg. Ive already had breakfast. (更常見(jiàn)

2、) = Ive had breakfast already.(表示強(qiáng)調(diào)) Have you had breakfast already?注: 有already的句子在時(shí)態(tài)上并不都是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),判斷時(shí)要看該詞后是否有動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞.Eg. Shes already eighty years old. It was already very late.2. yet在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法 否定句否定句:句末句末 “還還(沒(méi)沒(méi))”疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句: 句末句末 “己經(jīng)己經(jīng)” Eg. I havent had breakfast yet. Have you had breakfast yet

3、?注: 帶already的肯定句變成否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí),將already要變成yet放在句末. Eg. I have already done my homework.否定句否定句: :一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句: :I havent done my homework yet.Have you done your homework yet? 3. ever在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法 肯定句肯定句/疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句 : 句中句中 “曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)” Eg. Ive ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing? 4. never在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中

4、的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法否定句否定句: 句中句中 “從來(lái)沒(méi)有從來(lái)沒(méi)有”Eg. Ive never been to Beijing.注: 帶ever的肯定句變否定句時(shí), 要將ever變成never; 帶ever的一般疑問(wèn)句作否定回答時(shí)可用“No, never.”Eg. He has ever made dumplings.否定句否定句:Have they ever travelled by train?No, never.He has never made dumplings.5. just在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法用于用于句中句中, 表示表示“剛剛剛剛”Eg. Ive just

5、 had breakfast. What have they just done?6. before在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法用于用于句末句末, 表示表示“以前以前” Eg. Ive seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ? (二)表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去開(kāi)始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,有可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).通常和for+段時(shí)間或since+過(guò)去時(shí)的短語(yǔ)/句子來(lái)引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.1.for +Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. Hes studied English for 3 years.一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間2

6、. since +從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí)) 單詞 詞組 (表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的)時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5 years ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2000. 注1): since 也可單獨(dú)使用, 表示“自那時(shí)起”; 另外since前也可加上ever,以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣.Eg. I have been here (ever) since. I have been here (ever) since I graduated in 2000.注2): 對(duì)fo

7、r或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn) 必須用how long, 決不能用when.Eg. I have lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?注3): 短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用, 當(dāng)然也不能用于how long引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句中. Eg.(誤)I have left there for 5 years. (正)I have been away there for 5 years. 短

8、暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)動(dòng)詞間的轉(zhuǎn)換5.短暫動(dòng)詞和短暫動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換延續(xù)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換瞬間性動(dòng)詞瞬間性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞buyborrowcomego/leaveopen/closebegin/startend/finishdiecatch a coldbecome interested inget married瞬間動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞 vs延續(xù)動(dòng)詞延續(xù)動(dòng)詞瞬間性動(dòng)詞瞬間性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞put onget upwake upfall asleepjoinarrive/reach三)have/has gone to和have/has been to的區(qū)別 have/has gone to: 表示某

9、人已經(jīng)去了某地現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)回來(lái), 可能現(xiàn)在正在某地或者正在去那里或回來(lái)的路上.have/has been to: 表示某人曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地, 但現(xiàn)在己經(jīng)不在某地.四四)It is +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間 +since+句子句子(一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)) =一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+has passed +since + 句子句子(一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)) Eg. It is five years since I joined the army.=Five years has passed since I joined the army.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（注意時(shí)態(tài)）（注意時(shí)態(tài)） 1.-_ you _your pen

10、? (mend) -Yes, I _. -When_ you _ it? -I _ it yesterday. 2.-How do you like the film? -I _(not see) such a moving film before. 3.Millies sister _(join) the club last week. So she _(be) in the club for nearly one week. Have mended have did mend mended havent seen joined has been 4.My father_(give) up

11、_(smoke). He doesnt _(smoke) now. 5.The Green family_(not come) back yet from the cinema. They_(go) to see a film one hour ago. 6.You_(not visit) your son for a long time. has given smoking smoke havent come went havent visited 6.She has known Sam_ nine years. (for , never , since) 7.They have_arriv

12、ed. (ever , just , yet) 8.Have you_ ridden a horse? (ever , for , yet) 9.She has known Fred_ they were at primary school. (already , just , since) 10.We have not completed the project_. (already , for , yet) for just ever since yet1. 去年我去了蘇州。We went to Suzhou last year.2. 我每天早上7：00起床。I get up at 7:00 every day.3. 下個(gè)星期我要去看望我的老師。I