實(shí)驗(yàn)5類和對(duì)象實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告

1、實(shí)驗(yàn)5 類和對(duì)象實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模?.進(jìn)一步理解類和對(duì)象的概念；2.進(jìn)一步理解類的成員的訪問控制的含義，公有和私有成員的區(qū)別；3.掌握構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)的含義與作用、定義方式和實(shí)現(xiàn)；4.能夠根據(jù)給定的要求定義類并實(shí)現(xiàn)類的成員函數(shù)；5.了解C+面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)的基本思想、基本方法和基本步驟；6.掌握MS Visual C+6.0調(diào)試C+程序的基本方法、基本步驟。實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容：一、輸入下列程序，按要求進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，并記錄實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Coordinatepublic:Coordinate(int x1, in

2、t y1)x=x1; y=y1;Coordinate(Coordinate &p);Coordinate()cout<<"Destructor is called."<<endl;int getx()return x;int gety()return y;private:int x, y;Coordinate:Coordinate(Coordinate &p)x=p.x; y=p.y;cout<<"Copy initianization constructor is called."<<en

3、dl;int main()Coordinate p1(3,4);Coordinate p2(p1);Coordinate p3=p2;cout<<"p3=("<<p3.getx()<<","<<p3.gety()<<")"<<endl;return 0;1）運(yùn)行結(jié)果2）將Coordinate類中帶有兩個(gè)參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)進(jìn)行修改，在函數(shù)體內(nèi)增加如下語句：cout<<”Constructor is called.”<<endl;運(yùn)行結(jié)果：3）er

4、ror C2512: 'Coordinate' : no appropriate default constructor availableerror C2664: '_thiscall Coordinate:Coordinate(class Coordinate &)' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'const int' to 'class Coordinate &' A reference that is not to 'const' cannot be

5、bound to a non-lvalue修改：#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Coordinatepublic:Coordinate(int x1, int y1)x=x1; y=y1;Coordinate(Coordinate &p); Coordinate（）； Coordinate（int i）；Coordinate()cout<<"Destructor is called."<<endl;int getx()return x;int gety()return y;

6、private:int x, y;Coordinate:Coordinate(Coordinate &p)x=p.x; y=p.y;cout<<"Copy initianization constructor is called."<<endl;int main()Coordinate p1(3,4);Coordinate p2(p1); Coordinate p5（2）；Coordinate p3=p2;cout<<"p3=("<<p3.getx()<<","<

7、;<p3.gety()<<")"<<endl;return 0;4）創(chuàng)建不同對(duì)象并調(diào)用的時(shí)候，必須滿足構(gòu)造函數(shù)的參數(shù)要求，如果構(gòu)造函數(shù)是需要傳遞值，對(duì)象就該傳遞值。如果構(gòu)造函數(shù)需要傳遞的是地址，對(duì)象就傳遞的是地址二、根據(jù)注釋語句的提示實(shí)現(xiàn)類Date的成員函數(shù)，并將完整的程序編譯、連接 成功以保證程序能夠正確運(yùn)行#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Datepublic:void printDate()cout<<year<<"年"<

8、<month<<"月"<<day<<"日"<<endl;void setDay(int dayx)day=dayx;/設(shè)置日的值void setMonth(int monthx)month=monthx;/設(shè)置月的值void setYear(int yearx)year=yearx; /設(shè)置年的值private:int day, month, year;int main()Date testDay;testDay.setDay(24);testDay.setMonth(10);testDay.setY

9、ear(2012);testDay.printDate();return 0;運(yùn)行結(jié)果： 三、下面是一個(gè)計(jì)算器類的定義，請(qǐng)完成該類的成員函數(shù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)，并設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)主函數(shù)使用該類和相關(guān)成員函數(shù)以測(cè)試該類設(shè)計(jì)的正確性。#include <iostream>using namespace std;class coutnerpublic:counter(int number); /構(gòu)造函數(shù)void increment(); /給value原值加2void decrement(); /給value原值減2int getvalue(); /取得計(jì)數(shù)器值int print(); /顯示計(jì)數(shù)priva

10、te:int value; /數(shù)據(jù)成員;coutner:counter(int number)value=number;void coutner:increment()value+=2;void coutner:decrement()value-=2;int coutner:getvalue()return value;int coutner:print()cout<<"The value is "<<value<<endl;return value;int main()coutner c;c.counter(1);c.increment

11、();cout<<"The output is "<<c.getvalue()<<endl; c.decrement();c.print();c.increment();cout<<"The output is "<<c.print()<<endl;return 0;四、定義一個(gè)類ClsName，要求該類設(shè)計(jì)如下：（1）該類有兩個(gè)整型數(shù)據(jù)成員x和y；（2）為該類重載三個(gè)不同的構(gòu)造函數(shù)：分別為無參數(shù)、帶一個(gè)參數(shù)和帶兩個(gè)參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)，要求在構(gòu)造函數(shù)中輸出必要的信息以示區(qū)別；（3）設(shè)計(jì)2

12、個(gè)成員函數(shù)用來讀取數(shù)據(jù)成員x和y；（4）設(shè)計(jì)2個(gè)成員函數(shù)用來設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)成員x和y；（5）設(shè)計(jì)1個(gè)成員函數(shù)用來在屏幕上打印輸出數(shù)據(jù)成員x和y；（6）在main（）函數(shù)中用三個(gè)不同的構(gòu)造函數(shù)創(chuàng)建3個(gè)對(duì)象，并使用所有的成員函數(shù)對(duì)這些對(duì)象進(jìn)行必要的操作。#include <iostream>using namespace std;class ClsNameprivate: int x,y;public:ClsName()x=0,y=0; ClsName(int c)x=c,y=0; ClsName(int a,int b)x=a,y=b; int getx()return x; int ge

13、ty()return y; void setx(int a)x=a; void sety(int b)y=b; void print()cout<<"x="<<x<<" y="<<y<<endl;int main() ClsName cls1; ClsName cls2(5,6); ClsName cls3(7); cls1.print(); cls2.print(); cls3.print(); return 0; 五、創(chuàng)建一個(gè)名為Complex的類，進(jìn)行復(fù)數(shù)的算術(shù)運(yùn)算。編寫一個(gè)測(cè)試程序來測(cè)試

14、該類。#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Complexprivate:double x1,y1,x2,y2;public:Complex()x1=1;y1=1;x2=1;y2=1;Complex(int a,int b,int c,int d)x1=a;y1=b;x2=c;y2=d;Void jia() cout<<"加:("<<x1<<","<<y1<<")+("<<x2<<"

15、;,"<<y2<<")="<<"("<<x1+x2<<","<<y1+y2<<")"<<endl; void jian() cout<<"減:("<<x1<<","<<y1<<")-("<<x2<<","<<y2<<"

16、;)="<<"("<<x1-x2<<","<<y1-y2<<")"<<endl; void chen() cout<<"乘:("<<x1<<","<<y1<<")*("<<x2<<","<<y2<<")="<<"("&

17、lt;<(x1*x2-y1*y2)<<","<<(x1*y2+y1*x2)<<")"<<endl; void chu() cout<<"除:("<<x1<<","<<y1<<")/("<<x2<<","<<y2<<")="<<"("<<static_ca

18、st<double>(x1*x2+y1*y2)/(x2*x2+y2*y2)<<","<<static_cast<double>(y1*x2-x1*y2)/(x2*x2+y2*y2)<<")"<<endl<<endl; void set() cout<<"第一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù):" ; cin>>x1>>y1; cout<<"第二個(gè)復(fù)數(shù):" cin>>x2>>y2;int main()Complex a;Compl