（全國用）高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)與增分策略 專題一 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 題組練習(xí) 3 環(huán)境保護(hù)課件

1、1題組3環(huán)境保護(hù)專題一閱讀理解第三節(jié)題組訓(xùn)練2A(2017第二次全國大聯(lián)考第二次全國大聯(lián)考)It seemed that what I have feared in the past has become true eventually.In the last 19 years I have taken American students to many Chinese cities.The air pollution in Beijing and other big cities we visited have been simply shocking.Every time when my

2、students commented about the air quality in China and how they missed the blue skies in the US my heart hurts. 3In fact，I did not expect that Chinese government or the Chinese people would have accepted my advice in 1994 when I first raised that question，or in 1997 when I published the article in Ch

3、ina and the world.I understood the potential harms of cars to human health because I saw and lived through it in the US.In 2006，one of the readers who read my article online commented with anger that someone actually warned about the potential problems of the uncontrolled spread of private cars，and

4、nothing happened.4For the majority of Chinese people who did not have cars，and who were admiring the wonders and comfort cars bringing to life，the temptation of cars was irresistible at the time.I had a young Chinese friend when I was studying in Boston.He bought a car before he learned how to drive

5、.He started to drive the first night he got the car before he had a driver license.The police caught him driving his car around 2：00 in the morning in the neighborhood.The police decided to let him go because he told the police that he came from China，and that it had been his dream to own and drive

6、a car.Now he had a car，and he simply could not sleep anymore.He was too eager to drive his car.5Now the Chinese government and Chinese people see with their own eyes what harms the uncontrolled ownership of car can do to their cities and their health.I hope that the Chinese people and Chinese govern

7、ment would be able to take some drastic measures to deal with this air pollution problems which threaten their own health now. 語篇解讀語篇解讀本文作者講到了中國現(xiàn)在極差的空氣質(zhì)量正是他之前所預(yù)料的，本文作者講到了中國現(xiàn)在極差的空氣質(zhì)量正是他之前所預(yù)料的，委婉地指出了過去中國政府對大氣污染不夠重視，政策和措施不到位。面委婉地指出了過去中國政府對大氣污染不夠重視，政策和措施不到位。面對當(dāng)前的霧霾天氣，作者希望中國政府和人民采取嚴(yán)厲措施來處理大氣污對當(dāng)前的霧霾天氣，作者希望

8、中國政府和人民采取嚴(yán)厲措施來處理大氣污染問題。染問題。語篇解讀61.Where does the author probably come from?A.China. B.America.C.Not mentioned. D.Im not sure.解析解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“I understood the potential harms of cars to human health because I saw and lived through it in the US.”可知作者是美國人。故選可知作者是美國人。故選B。答案解析231472.Th

9、e underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph means .A.he drove his car carelesslyB.he didnt like driving his carC.he wanted to drive his car at onceD.he was so eager that he couldnt drive his car解析解析句意理解題。根據(jù)畫線句前面的句意理解題。根據(jù)畫線句前面的“.that it had been his dream to own and drive a car.Now he had a car，and

10、 he simply could not sleep anymore.”可知，他非?？释_車。從語法角度考慮可知，他非?？释_車。從語法角度考慮“too eager to do”表示肯定意義。故選表示肯定意義。故選C。答案解析231483.From the passage we can infer .A.the Chinese friend began to drive his car without a driver licenseB.the author predicted the potential harms of cars to human health at 19C.the Chi

11、nese friend began to drive his car as soon as he got a driver licenseD.in the past the Chinese government took many measures to prevent air pollution 解析解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知D項錯誤；項錯誤；根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知作者在根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知作者在90年代就預(yù)測到霧霾對中國人的健康有危害，年代就預(yù)測到霧霾對中國人的健康有危害，而不是而不是19歲時，所以歲時，所以B項錯誤；項錯誤；根據(jù)第四段中的句

12、子根據(jù)第四段中的句子“He bought a car before he learned how to drive.He started to drive the first night he got the car before he had a driver license.”可知可知C項與文章矛盾，項與文章矛盾，A項正確。故選項正確。故選A。答案解析231494.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.The authors concern was necessary.B.Air pollution pr

13、oblems need to be solved.C.Some reader once blamed the authors article.D.The air quality of China is more than satisfying.解析解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題?？v觀全文，都是圍繞著中國的空氣質(zhì)量差進(jìn)行敘述，細(xì)節(jié)理解題?？v觀全文，都是圍繞著中國的空氣質(zhì)量差進(jìn)行敘述，故故D項與文章意思矛盾。故選項與文章意思矛盾。故選D。答案解析231410B(2017山西重點中學(xué)協(xié)作體模擬山西重點中學(xué)協(xié)作體模擬)Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with

14、 nature.However，whether you are on the mountains，in the waves，or on the grassland，you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.Some sports are resource-hungry.Golf，as you may know，eats up not only large areas of countryside，but also tons of water.Beside

15、s，all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球球場場) in good condition.This causes major environmental effects.11For example，in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain，golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas. There are many enviro

16、nment-friendly sports.Power walking is one of them that you could take up today.You dont need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes；and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse.Simple and free，power walking can also keep you fit.If you walk regularly，it will be good for your

17、 heart and bones.Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious，sleep well and have better weight control.12Whatever sport you take up，you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.But the final goa

18、l should be “green gyms”.”.They are better replacements(代替物代替物) for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers.Members of green gyms play sports outdoors，in the countryside or other open spaces.There is no special requirement for you to start your membership.And best of all，its free. 語篇解讀語篇解

19、讀文章簡述了一些對資源耗費較多的運動，如高爾夫；也講述文章簡述了一些對資源耗費較多的運動，如高爾夫；也講述了一些不怎么耗費資源的運動，如了一些不怎么耗費資源的運動，如power walking。文章的主旨就是為了。文章的主旨就是為了讓我們綠色運動。讓我們綠色運動。語篇解讀135.Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?A.Playing basketball in a gym.B.Motor racing in the desert.C.Cycling around a lake.D.Swimming in

20、a sports center.解析解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一、二句推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一、二句“Whatever sport you take up，you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.But the final goal should be green gyms.”.”可知作者主張綠色運動?？芍髡咧鲝埦G色運動。C屬于綠色運動，屬于綠色運動，故為正確答案。故為正確答案。答案解析6758146

21、.What do we know about golf from the passage?A.It is popular in Portugal and Spain.B.It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.C.It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.D.It causes water shortages around the world.解析解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后三句細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后三句“Besides，all sorts of che

22、micals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球場球場) in good condition.This causes major environmental effects.For example，in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain，golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.”可知選可知選B。答案解析6758157.The author uses power

23、 walking as an example mainly because .A.it uses fewer resourcesB.it improves our healthC.it is an outdoor sportD.it is recommended by experts解析解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段前三句細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段前三句“There are many environment-friendly sports.Power walking is one of them that you could take up today.You dont need any sp

24、ecial equipment except a good pair of shoes；and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse.”可可知這是一項耗費資源很少的運動。故選知這是一項耗費資源很少的運動。故選A。答案解析6758168.The author writes the passage to .A.show us the function of major sportsB.encourage us to go in for green sportsC.discuss the major influence of po

25、pular sportsD.introduce different types of environment-friendly sports解析解析寫作目的題。文章中簡述了一些對資源耗費較多的運動，如高爾夫；寫作目的題。文章中簡述了一些對資源耗費較多的運動，如高爾夫；也講述了一些不怎么耗費資源的運動，如也講述了一些不怎么耗費資源的運動，如power walking。文章的主旨就。文章的主旨就是為了讓我們綠色運動。故選是為了讓我們綠色運動。故選B。答案解析675817C(2017福建漳州八校聯(lián)考福建漳州八校聯(lián)考)Think about what you had for lunch: Was it

26、 a hamburger？A chicken sandwich？Barbecue？What about vegetables？Would it surprise you to learn that what you eat can affect the whole planet?It canin a big way.New studies show how food and its production affect the globe and its warming climate.Youve probably heard of global warming.The temperature

27、is on the rise because humankind has been releasing(排放排放) amounts of gases into the atmosphere.One of these greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide (二氧化碳二氧化碳).18What does this have to do with food？A big part of the carbon dioxide that we put in the atmosphere every year comes from the process of making a

28、nd eating food.The production of meat contributes a lot of that carbon dioxide.And much of meats contribution comes from beef，which is responsible for releasing even more warming gases into the atmosphere.The process of making a hamburger，for example，requires a lot of energy.A cow has to be fed and

29、raised on farmland，and cow waste is a major source of methane (沼氣沼氣)an especially powerful greenhouse gas.The cow has to be killed.The meat has to be processed and shipped to a shop， 19which takes fuel.Most of the cow wont even be used for meat that people eat.By the time a hamburger finally lands o

30、n a dinner plate，it has made a heavy effect on the environment. We can reduce the production of global-warming gases by eating less beef.Other kinds of meat like pork and chicken do less harm to the environmentat least in terms of the amount of greenhouse gases released.All kinds of meat are harder

31、on the planet than vegetables.To grow and eat a pound of potatoes，for example，sends less than one-quarter pound of carbon dioxide into the air.So changing our diet to less meat and more vegetables，as it turns out，may do the world some good. 語篇解讀20語篇解讀語篇解讀文章介紹了人們的飲食會引起溫室效應(yīng)，特別是肉類加工會文章介紹了人們的飲食會引起溫室效應(yīng)，特

32、別是肉類加工會排放溫室氣體，作者建議人們改變對環(huán)境不利的飲食方式。排放溫室氣體，作者建議人們改變對環(huán)境不利的飲食方式。219.The questions asked in the first paragraph are used to .A.show the authors concern about food safetyB.express the authors puzzlement at what to eatC.introduce the topic to be discussed in the passageD.remind readers of something deliciou

33、s to eat解析解析推理判斷題。文章第一段提出一系列關(guān)于我們飲食的問題，由第二推理判斷題。文章第一段提出一系列關(guān)于我們飲食的問題，由第二段前兩句段前兩句“It canin a big way.New studies show how food and its production affect the globe and its warming climate.”可知，這些問題是可知，這些問題是為了引出話題。故選為了引出話題。故選C。答案解析101192210.What is the bad news for meat-eaters?A.Most cows are raised not f

34、or people to eat.B.Meat producing contributes to global warming.C.There is a lot of carbon dioxide in the meat we eat.D.Animals begin to die off because of global warming.解析解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第三、四句細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第三、四句“The production of meat contributes a lot of that carbon dioxide.And much of meats contri

35、bution comes from beef，which is responsible for releasing even more warming gases into the atmosphere.”可知，對于食肉的人來說壞消可知，對于食肉的人來說壞消息是肉類生產(chǎn)會導(dǎo)致全球氣溫變暖。故選息是肉類生產(chǎn)會導(dǎo)致全球氣溫變暖。故選B。答案解析101192311.Which is the most environment-friendly food according to the passage?A.Carrot. B.Beef.C.Pork. D.Chicken.解析解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最

36、后一段內(nèi)容可知，蔬菜比肉類制造的二氧細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容可知，蔬菜比肉類制造的二氧化碳要少，所以蔬菜更環(huán)保。故選化碳要少，所以蔬菜更環(huán)保。故選A。答案解析1011924D(2017湖南瀏陽一中期中湖南瀏陽一中期中)The name sounds funny but the idea is no joke: its a personal toilet called the Peepoo.Anders Wilhelmson，a Swedish architect，is the inventor of the Peepoo.He became interested in the idea

37、 of sanitation after taking part in a research project on the social and political development of cities.One of the most common problems he found in developing countries was the lack of toilets.He wanted to do something to help.So working with others, ,he started the project in 2005, ,and the next y

38、ear started a company called Peepoople. 25The toilet is a single-use bag made of environmentally friendly plastics.The inside is treated with urea(尿素尿素)，a chemical commonly used as fertilizer.The hotter the weather，the more quickly the waste turns into what is needed by plants.The sanitation process

39、 can be as soon as a couple of hours or as long as two to four weeks.You can just bury it in a pot and grow whatever you like.The company expects to start selling the bags in August in Kenya and Bangladesh，but it is just beginning production and sales in Nairobi now.Full production could reach about

40、 half a million bags a day and people may be able to buy the Peepoo in countries like Vietnam，Bangladesh，etc. 26The United Nations says more than two and a half billion people around the world do not have good sanitation.Many have no choice but to use the outdoors，which is not only bad for the envir

41、onment，but also harmful to peoples health.Each year，poor sanitation leads to three fifths of those people getting an infectious disease which on average causes one out of 1,000 patients to die.Jack Smith，the founder of the World Toilet Organization，says，“This is quite an unacceptable situation given

42、 the fact that we are living in the modern world，and strangely，many of them own televisions，phones but have no toilets.” ” 語篇解讀27語篇解讀語篇解讀文章介紹了環(huán)保廁所文章介紹了環(huán)保廁所Peepoo，它解決了發(fā)展中國家缺乏廁所，它解決了發(fā)展中國家缺乏廁所的問題，并且可以被用來種植植物，可謂一舉兩得。的問題，并且可以被用來種植植物，可謂一舉兩得。2812.What was the original purpose of Anders Wilhelmson in starti

43、ng the company?A.To protect the local environment.B.To earn a lot of money from the project.C.To do research on the social development.D.To help solve the problem of lack of toilets in developing countries.解析解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二、三句細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二、三句“One of the most common problems he found in developin

44、g countries was the lack of toilets.He wanted to do something to help.”可知選可知選D。答案解析131412152913.What can be learned about the Peepoo from the passage?A.It can be used over again.B.Its sanitation process doesnt last long.C.It works better in summer than in winter.D.It should be buried in a pot after

45、being used.解析解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“The hotter the weather，the more quickly the waste turns into what is needed by plants.”可知選可知選C。答案解析131412153014.The fifth paragraph is written mainly to tell us that .A.poor sanitation may cause many problems B.many people dont care for the environment C.m

46、any people get ill from using the outdoors D.quite a number of people die from poor sanitation解析解析段落大意題。該段主要說明了衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)不好會產(chǎn)生的惡劣影響。故段落大意題。該段主要說明了衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)不好會產(chǎn)生的惡劣影響。故選選A。答案解析131412153115.The underlined word “This” in the last paragraph probably refers to “ ”.”.A.the outdoors being damagedB.many places being short of toilets C.many people having TVs and phones D.many people getting an infectious disease解析解析代詞指代題。根據(jù)上下文，這里的代詞指代題。根據(jù)上下文，這里的this指的是許多發(fā)展中國家的家指的是許多發(fā)展中國家的家庭沒