高中英語語法形容詞副詞 (2)

1、形容詞及副詞一、形容詞1.(1) 作定語注意：形容詞修飾It s a beautiful day today.something, anything, nothing等復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)要后置。I have something important to tell you.以 a-開頭的表狀態(tài)的形容詞afraid, alone, awake, asleep, alive,alike, ashamed, unable,worth 要后置。He was the only man awake at that time.2). 作表語Don tfeel sad.Tasting good, this kind

2、 of cake sells well.3). 作賓補(bǔ)We must keep our classroom clean.4). 作狀語 The boy went to school, cold and hungry.2. 以 ly 結(jié)尾的形容詞friendly lovely lively silly fatherly motherlyweekly daily monthlyyearly deadly lonely manly timely likely3 表倍數(shù)的幾種句式1) 倍數(shù) +as+ 形容詞原級(jí) +as .2) 倍數(shù) +比較級(jí) +than3)倍數(shù) +the+ 名詞（ size/leng

3、th / width / height /depth+ of4) The + 名詞+ be +.倍數(shù)+ what 從句5) The + 名詞+ be +.倍數(shù)+ that/ those of.Asia is four times as large as Europe.= Asia is four times larger than Europe.= Asia is four times the size of Europe.The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.The output of this year is 3 times wha

4、t it was in 2008.4 形容詞 +ly 變副詞的規(guī)則1 ）一般情況加-ly. quick-quicklybrave-bravelyimmediate-immediately2) 以“ y”結(jié)尾的，且讀音為/ i / ， 先將“ y”改成“ i”，再加“ ly ”，如： happy-happily;heavy-heavily; angry-angrily; busy-busily easy-easily但是如果讀音為/ ai / ， 直接加ly ，如： dry-dryly; shy-shyly3) 以 le 結(jié)尾，去 e 加 y: simple-simplygentle-gentl

5、ycomfortable-comfortablypossible-possiblyprobable-probablyterrible-terriblyconsiderable-considerably incredible-incredibly但是 whole-wholly例外。4)元音字母加e 結(jié)尾， 去 e 加 ly: true-trulydue-duly 絕大多數(shù)輔音字母加e 結(jié)尾的形容詞直接加 -ly 。如：polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely; nice-nicely5)ll結(jié)尾只加y: full- fullydull-dully6) i

6、c結(jié)尾加 ally: basic -basicallyscientific-scientifically但是 public-publicly例外7)hurry 名詞或動(dòng)詞，hurried 形容詞，hurriedly 副詞 unexpectedly5 形容詞的比較級(jí)及最高級(jí)變化規(guī)則1） 一般加-er 或 -est。 strong stronger strongest2） 以字母e 結(jié)尾直接加-r 或 -st. late later latestfinefinerfinestnice nicernicestwide wider widest3） 需雙寫結(jié)尾字母后再加-er 或 -est 。glad

7、 gladder gladdest hot hotter hottestthin thinner thinnestbig bigger biggestfat fatter fattestwet wetter wettestsad sadder saddestredredder reddestslim slimmer slimmest4） 變 y 為 i 再加 -er 或 -est。 angry angrier angriestmerry merrier merriestprettyprettier prettiestuglyuglierugliestearly earlier earliest

8、 easy easiereasiest happy happier happiest5 ） 其他雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)詞，加more 或 most： enthusiastic moreenthusiastic mostenthusiastic不規(guī)則變化Good / well - better mostbad/ ill - worse - worstlittle less leastMuch/ many more - mostfar - farther距離更遠(yuǎn) /further 距離更遠(yuǎn)或程度更深入 farthest/furthestold older ( 指年齡較長的；新舊) / elder ( 只指

9、年齡較長的) - oldest/ eldest副詞1基本用法1）做狀語Look at the photo carefully.2)少數(shù)地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間副詞，如：here、 there、 home、 abroad、 upstairs、 above、 below 、yesterday、 today 、 tomorrow等作后置定語。The people there were very friendly.Do you know the man upstairs?3)作表語，如：in 、 out、on、 back 、up、 down 、 off 、 away 、downstairs 、 upstairs 等

10、Is the radio on or off?4) 作賓補(bǔ)Sorry to have kept you up so late.2 兼有兩種形式的副詞Deep 深地 ( 具體的深度 ) deeply 深深地（抽象概念）close(靠近地 ) - closely (密切地 )High (高地 ) highly ( 高度地 )wide( 寬地 )- widely (廣泛地 ) late(晚 )- - lately ( 最近 )Free（免費(fèi)） - freely （自由地）hard( 努力地、辛苦地 ) hardly （幾乎不）most 最，很 mostly主要地，幾乎全部near靠近 nearly

11、幾乎，差不多You have come too late.What have you been doing lately.You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely; saywhat you like.You have to work hard.What he said was hardly true.Which part of the concert did you like most.It is a most interesting film.She is mostly out on Su

12、ndays.副詞固定搭配wide open敞開，睜得很大wide awake完全沒睡著deep into the night 到深夜deep in thought 深思here and there到處up and down 上上下下常用句型1 比較級(jí) +and+ 比較級(jí)越來越 Myhometownis becomingmore and morebeautiful.2 the+ 比較級(jí) , the+比較級(jí)越 , 越 The older I get, the happier I feel.3“比較級(jí) +than + any other+單數(shù)名詞” 可替換最高級(jí)Tom runs faster tha

13、n any other student in his class. = Tom runs fastest in his class.4“比較級(jí) +than + all the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞” 可替換最高級(jí)She is more beautiful than all the other girls in our school. = She is the most beautiful girl in our school.5 “否定詞 +比較級(jí) +than + 其他” 替換最高級(jí)Nothing is more valuable than health for us. = Health is

14、 the most valuable for us.6 “否定詞 +as/so +原級(jí) +as ” 替換最高級(jí)No student is as / so diligent as Jim in our class. = Jim is the most diligent student in our class.7 the +形容詞比較級(jí)+ of 兩者中較.的一個(gè)He is the taller of the two brothers.8.More thanHe is more than a friend to me.9.Less thanThe lightest weighs less than

15、 50 kilograms.10. no more than His entire school education added up to no more than one year.11. Not more than He has not more than twenty yuan in his pocket.12. Be senior to /be junior to / be superior to / be inferior to13 one of 形容詞最高級(jí) +名詞 +表示范圍的狀語 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.14 序數(shù)詞 + 形容詞最高級(jí) +名詞Africa is the second largest contine