被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)總結(jié)

1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí) A熟記結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為“助動(dòng)詞be及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（pp）”。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的不同時(shí)態(tài)是通過(guò)be的時(shí)態(tài)變化來(lái)表示的，其人稱(chēng)和數(shù)方面應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)保持一致。其具體變化為：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：amisarepp一般過(guò)去時(shí)：waswerepp一般將來(lái)時(shí)：shall will be pp現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have has been pp現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：amisarebeingpp過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：should would be pp含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞bepp例如： Chinese _ by the largest number of peopleAspeak Bis speaking Cspeaks Di

2、s spoken The boy _ to get supper ready after schoolAwere told Bis telling Cwas told Dtells A lot of new roads _ built in the west of ChinaAmust Bmust be Chas DhaveB明確用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)常用于以下兩種情況：1不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；2強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。例如：這棵樹(shù)是那個(gè)男孩弄斷的。The tree _ _ by that boyC熟練轉(zhuǎn)換1將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本方法為：將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)

3、；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)椤癰e及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”，并通過(guò)be的變化來(lái)表達(dá)出不同的時(shí)態(tài)；主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語(yǔ)，組成介詞短語(yǔ)放在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后。（有時(shí)by短語(yǔ)可以省略）。2被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般疑問(wèn)句是將一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)之前；否定句是在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞后加not；特殊疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋阂蓡?wèn)詞一般疑問(wèn)句。例如： You must throw the broken pottery away at onceThe broken pottery _ _ _ _ at once（同義句） Where did they grow vegetables? （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Where _ vegetables

4、_?D注意特例將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意幾個(gè)特殊情況：1含雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，有兩種方法：將間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)保持不變；將直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)用介詞to或for引導(dǎo)。例如： He told us a story（變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）We were told a story（by him）或：A story was told to us by him Her mother gave her a new pen（變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother2短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，要將短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞視為一個(gè)整體，其后的介詞或副詞不能省去。

5、例如： This dictionary mustnt _ from the libraryAtake away Btaken away Care taken away Dbe taken away She will take good care of the children（變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）The children will _ _ _ _ _ （by her）3含有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，通常將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，而賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)就成為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。注意：省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to必須補(bǔ)上。例如：Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake ye

6、sterday（變被動(dòng)）He _ _ _ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday4不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為“to be 過(guò)去分詞”。例如：The radio says a wild animal zoo is to _ in our cityAbe building Bbuild Cbe built Dbuilt5以疑問(wèn)代詞開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)換成被動(dòng)句時(shí)要注意詞序：應(yīng)將主動(dòng)句中的疑問(wèn)代詞改為介詞by的賓語(yǔ)，但仍然放在句子開(kāi)頭。例如：Who has broken the cup？（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） By whom has the cup been broken？

7、E注意區(qū)別被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：1）含義不同：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作由誰(shuí)完成、怎樣完成；而過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)通常用來(lái)描寫(xiě)情景，敘述人或事物的特征及所處的狀態(tài)。試比較：The window is broken窗子破了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）The window is broken by him窗子被他打破了。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）2）用法不同：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)可以被 so，very，too等程度副詞修飾，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則不能用so，very，too修飾，而需用much，very much，so much，too much修飾。試比較：He was very interested in science他對(duì)科

8、學(xué)有極大興趣。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）I was so much surprised at the scene that I didnt know what to do我被那種場(chǎng)面搞得大吃一驚，不知所措。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）F牢記（相關(guān)）句型初中教材中與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)相關(guān)的句型有：1be covered with被覆蓋2be made of由制作（發(fā)生物理變化） be made from由制作（發(fā)生化學(xué)變化）be made in由（某地）制造 be made by被（某人）制造3be used for被用來(lái) be used as被當(dāng)作（作為）來(lái)使用 be used to do sth被用來(lái)做某事4It is said

9、that據(jù)說(shuō) It is hoped that希望 It is well known that眾所周知例如：Your coat looks niceIs it _ cotton? YesIts _ShanghaiAmade of；made by Bmade of；made in Cmade for；made by Dmade for；made in This machine is used _ the room wetAfor keeping Bas keeping Ckeep Dto keeping 據(jù)說(shuō)在南京長(zhǎng)江上又在建一座橋。_ _ _ that _ _ is being _ over

10、the Changjiang River in Nanjing幾種特殊的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1. 帶不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。The child is sure to be punished for that. 那個(gè)孩子肯定會(huì)因?yàn)槟羌率芰P的。2. 帶介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Such a thing has never been heard of. 這件事前所未聞。3. 帶副詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。The radio has just been turned off. 收音機(jī)剛剛被關(guān)上。4. 當(dāng)sell, wash, clean, run, ride, wear, write等動(dòng)詞若有狀語(yǔ)well, easil

11、y, badly來(lái)修飾時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。 The pen writes well. 這枝鋼筆寫(xiě)字流暢。 The book sells well. 這本書(shū)很暢銷(xiāo)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、選擇題( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build( )2. An accident _ on this road last week.A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. h

12、appened( )3.Cotton（棉花） _ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow( )4. So far, the moon _ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited( )5. A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week.A. is given B. has been given C. will

13、be given D. gives( )6. How many trees _ this year?A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted( )7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now.A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done( )8.-When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year.A. did; use B. wa

14、s; used C. is; used D. are; used( )9.The Great Wall _ all over the world.A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known( )10.Who _ this book _?A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written( )11.A story _ by Granny yesterday.A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us( )

15、12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree.A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump( )13.The school bag _ behind the chair.A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put( )14.Older people _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after( )15.Our teacher _ carefully. A. sh

16、ould be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1.Its said(據(jù)說(shuō)) that the long bridge_（build）in two months2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss）now3.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？4.The lost boy_（not find）so far5.Last year a large number of

17、trees_（cut）down6. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.7. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital.8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop.9. What _ knives _ (make) of ? They_(make) of metal(金屬) and wood.10. Can the magazine _ (take) out of the

18、library?11. The room _ (clean) by me every day.12. The stars cant _ (see) in the daytime.13. Some flowers _ (water) by Li Ming already.14. This kind of shoes _ (sell) well.三、按要求改寫(xiě)下列句子，一空一詞。1.Is tea grown in South China？（改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）_ people _ tea in South China？2.I am given a birthday present by my paren

19、ts every year（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）A birthday present _ _ _ _by my parents every year3. The work is going to be finished in two days. (對(duì)劃線(xiàn)提問(wèn))How_ _ the work going to be finished ?4. The children will sing an English song. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) An English song _ _ _ by the children.5. You neednt do it now. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) It _ _ _ by

20、you now.6. People use metal for making machines. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) Metal _ _ _making machines.7. He made me do that for him. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) I _ _ _ _ that for him.8. They are watching the football match.The football match _ _ _ by them.9. Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) _ a bridge _ here by them

21、a year ago?10. They have sold out the light green dresses. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) The light green dresses _ _ _ out.11. We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))The game _ _ “Lianliankan” by us.四、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)完成句子，一空一詞。 (110=10分)The new bike_ _ _ _ （買(mǎi)給我）by my parents as a present last week_ your mobile phone _ _ _（是國(guó)產(chǎn)的嗎）

22、？The whole mountain is _ _ (覆蓋) the snow.強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練1. If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinnerA. are not kept；will have to B. are not kept；have C. do not keep；will have to D. do not keep；have to2. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are _and perf

23、ected now.A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed3. -_ the sports meet might be put off. Yes, it all depends on the weather.A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D.I told4. I need one more stamp before my collection _.A. has completed B. completes C. has b

24、een completed D. is completed5. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut6. The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month.A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. w

25、ould be designed7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken8. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _.A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set upC. have taken place; ha

26、ve set up D. were taken place; were set up9. That suit _ over 60 dollars.A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost10. -Look! Everything here is under construction. -Whats the pretty small house that _ for?A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building11.-Do you like the material?

27、-Yes, it _ very soft.A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt12. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese.A. write B. to write C. to be written D. written13. I have no more letters _, thank you.A. to type B. typing C. to be typed D. typed14. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ eas

28、ily.A. wont wash out B. wont be washed out C. isnt washed out D. isnt washing out15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _.A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out16. The computers on the table _ Professor Smith.A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belong

29、s to D. belong to17. -What do you think of the book? -Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time.A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch19. This page needed _ again.A. being checked B. ch

30、ecked C. to check D. to be checked20. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercisesA. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching21. It is said that a new robot _by him in a few days.A. designed B. has been designed C. will be designed D. will have been designed22. We are late. I expect the film _by the time we get to the cinema.A. will already have started B. would already have started C. shall have already started D. has already been started23. She will stop showing off