高考英語二輪完形填空考點解析13語境

1、完形填空題型一突破(五)語境化選擇題1利用褒貶語境,判斷是非曲直幾乎每篇完形填空的語境都有一定的褒貶性,這種褒貶性反映了主人公的特定心理、情緒狀態(tài)和作者的寫作意圖,因此利用好文章的語境褒貶性就能對文章進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的邏輯判斷,從而在吃透文意并準(zhǔn)確傳遞文意的基礎(chǔ)上推斷出每一空的準(zhǔn)確信息,找出能反映語境褒貶性的標(biāo)志性詞語或句子,大膽預(yù)測下文。典例When I took the first exam,I was 38 (shocked) to find a 77,Cplus,on my test paper, 39 (for) English was my best subject.I went to P

2、rofessor Jayne,who listened to my arguments but remained 40 .(2008北京)40AunchangedBunpleasantCunfriendly Dunmoved答案D解析本題屬于根據(jù)語境判斷是非曲直題?？忌枰鶕?jù)語境和上下文的關(guān)系來確定答案。Jayne教授聽了我的理由,但通過but的轉(zhuǎn)折可知,他并未被我打動,而是顯得無動于衷。unmoved無動于衷的,符合語境。2避免只重語意,忽略習(xí)慣搭配高考完形填空題中有相當(dāng)一部分試題屬此類情況。該題目難度系數(shù)在0.50.6之間,是廣大考生丟分最嚴(yán)重的題目。其原因是考生只注重語境,而忽視了詞匯

3、的習(xí)慣搭配。所以考生在準(zhǔn)確掌握語境的同時,更要注意所要填入的名詞、形容詞、動詞與空格前面或后面某個詞匯的習(xí)慣搭配,尤其要注意其與介詞或副詞的連用特點等。典例On a warm Monday,Jenny Neilson bought a sandwich and parked her car under some trees.Rolling down the windows to 41 in fresh air,she settled back to enjoy her lunch.(2008湖北)41Abring BletCgather Dsend答案B解析本題考查固定搭配。let in放進(jìn),

4、允許進(jìn)入,符合句意。bring in賺得；吸引；gather in收獲,收割；send in寄去(處理)。此處文意是“她搖下車窗放一些新鮮空氣進(jìn)來”,而不是為了收集空氣,顯然只有B項恰當(dāng)。3巧妙利用平行結(jié)構(gòu),準(zhǔn)確判斷邏輯關(guān)系平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似、意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)、語氣一致的句子或詞組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。平行結(jié)構(gòu)形式上整齊勻稱,內(nèi)容上聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度,利用其意義的關(guān)聯(lián)或?qū)Ρ冗@一特點來設(shè)空。高考完形填空常常會出現(xiàn)這樣一些平行結(jié)構(gòu),掌握與這些結(jié)構(gòu)極為相似的句子可大大提高解題效率。典例Not all of these 21 (fairies) are the f

5、riendly,peopleloving characters that appear in Disney films,and in some folktales they are 22 (cruel) and cause much human suffering.This is true in the tales about the Changeling.These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows 23 and pale and has changed so much that it is almost 24 to the parent

6、s.(2008廣東)23A.sickBslim CshortDsmall24A.uncomfortable Bunbelievable Cunacceptable Dunrecognizable答案23.A24.D解析23題是典型的平行結(jié)構(gòu)試題。根據(jù)and可知,其前后為并列關(guān)系,pale意思是“蒼白的”,與之并列的應(yīng)是sick,表示“有病的,生病的”。而根據(jù)前面的“changed so much”可知,后面的結(jié)果應(yīng)是“對父母來說幾乎是難以辨認(rèn)的”,故24題答案為D。1When I was twelve years old,my family were the first black peopl

7、e to move into an allwhite part of Grand Rapids,Michigan.Many of our new neighbours werent very welcoming.Some of the adults said 1 that we should return to the place where we came from.The 2 sometimes threw stones at me or drove me home from school.Most of my teachers 3 took no notice of me,but not

8、 Dorothy Bean,my history teacher.Miss Bean was angry at how badly I was being 4 ,but she didnt say this to me.Miss Bean showed her respect for me by teaching me just like 5 else.Instead of being unnoticed,I was given a chance to show that I was smart.Miss Bean was the first teacher who ever made me

9、6 myself.She insisted on knowing what I thought about difficult questions.Was Thomas Jefferson 7 to buy Louisiana from France？Why？She expected me to have an opinion and to be able to 8 it up.Miss Bean taught me that thinking for yourself was the real key to education.One day,when I was not paying at

10、tention in class,Miss Bean suddenly 9 an eraser at me.Unbelievably,the eraser hit me right on the hand and sent my pencil flying.The whole class was 10 at first,and then started laughing.This incident became famous in this school and, 11 it happened to me,the students wanted to get to know me.So tha

11、ts the story of how Dorothy Bean made me her target,and how I became just another 12 in school.1A.kindly Bpitifully Cangrily Danxiously答案C解析考查語境理解。由“werent very welcoming”以及“we should return to the place where we came from”可知,鄰居們對我們很不友好,因此答案選C。2A.seniors Bchildren Cenemies Delders答案B解析考查上下文暗示。從第一段中“

12、I was twelve years old”以及下文內(nèi)容可推知,向“我”扔石頭的應(yīng)該是“孩子們”,所以答案選B。3A.easily Bsimply Cspecially Dhappily答案B解析考查語境理解。依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知,Miss Bean對“我”很好,而其他大多數(shù)老師都不理會“我”,故答案選B。其他三個選項與take no notice of連用時,均不符合語境。4A.taught Bconsidered Cwelcomed Dtreated答案D解析考查語境理解。聯(lián)系上文可知,此處指Miss Bean對別人如此惡劣地對待“我”感到很生氣,因此答案選D。5A.anyone Bno o

13、ne Csomeone Dnone答案A解析考查句意理解。此處是指Miss Bean像教其他任何人一樣教“我”,所以答案選A。6A.worry about Blook about Cwork for Dthink for答案D解析考查語境理解。由下句“She insisted on knowing what I thought about difficult questions.”可推斷,此處表示Miss Bean讓“我”獨立思考,因此答案選D。下文中“thinking for yourself”也有暗示。7A.necessary BproblemCright Dfamous答案C解析考查常識

14、。結(jié)合全文及歷史知識可知,此處指托馬斯杰斐遜從法國人手里購買路易斯安那州的做法是否正確,故答案選C。8A.back Bset Cput Dgive答案A解析考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)語境可知,這里表示“能夠支持自己的觀點”,故答案選A。back up支持,證實(某人所言)。而不是set up“建立”；put up舉起；give up放棄。9A.aimedBthrew Cpassed Dseized答案B解析考查語境理解。由下文“the eraser hit me right on the hand”可推知,這里表示Miss Bean把一個黑板擦朝“我”扔過來,故答案為B。10A.excited B

15、satisfied Cworried Dshocked答案D解析考查語境理解。由“and then started laughing”可推知,學(xué)生對老師的舉動一開始感到非常吃驚(shocked),而不是excited“興奮的”；satisfied滿意的；worried擔(dān)心的。因此答案選D。11A.when Bonce Cbecause Dwhether答案C解析考查上下文邏輯關(guān)系。前后句存在因果關(guān)系,因此答案選C。12A.kid Bproblem Cteacher Dexample答案A解析考查上下文暗示。依據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知,此處是指“我”是如何成為學(xué)校里與以前不同的學(xué)生的,因此答案選A,也與

16、前文“I was twelve years old”相照應(yīng)。2“But what if I break my arm again？”My fiveyearold daughter asked,looking very1.I knew she wanted very much to learn to ride,but ever since shed fallen off her bike and broken her arm,shed been afraid.“Oh,honey,”I said.“I dont think youll break another arm.”“2I could,co

17、uldnt I？”“You know,honey,”I said,“Almost everything you do comes with risks.You could get a broken arm in a car3and then be afraid to ever ride in a car again.You could break your arm jumping a rope.You could break your arm at gym.Do you want to4going to gym？”“No,”she said.And with a determined spir

18、it,she stood up and5to try again.I spent the rest of the afternoon at the park watching a very brave little girl overcome a fear,and6myself on being a useful single parent after a painful divorce (離婚)As we walked home,she asked me about a conversation shed overheard me having with my7the night befor

19、e.“Grandma wanted you to find someone to love.”“What grandma wants is for someone to8my heart again.”“But Mom.”“Youre too young to understand it,”I told her.“So I guess love isnt like a broken arm.”she said.9to answer,we walked the rest of the way in silence.When I got home,I called my mother and10h

20、er for talking about this to my daughter.Then I did what Id seen my brave little girl do that very afternoon.I agreed to11Steve.Steve was the man for me.We married less than a year later.It turned out my mother and daughter were12.1A.surprised Bdisappointed Csad Dpuzzled答案C解析由上下文語境可知,小女孩想騎自行車又不敢騎,由此

21、可以推斷其心情是很悲哀的,因此該空應(yīng)填sad。2A.And BOr CInstead DBut答案D解析母親認(rèn)為小女孩不會再摔斷胳膊,而女兒認(rèn)為自己有可能再摔斷胳膊,因此該空含轉(zhuǎn)折性邏輯關(guān)系,應(yīng)填but。3A.trade Bsale Caccident Dshow答案C解析由常識可知,在汽車事故中人們的胳膊有可能受傷,因此該空應(yīng)填accident。4A.start Bregret Cfinish Dstop答案D解析難道你不想去體育館了嗎？5A.offered Bagreed Chad Dchose答案B解析在母親的解釋與勸說下,女兒答應(yīng)再試一次。6A.congratulating Bprai

22、sing Cencouraging Dcelebrating答案A解析我祝賀自己在痛苦的離婚之后能夠做一個有用的單親家長。7A.father Bmother Csister Dbrother答案B解析由下文Grandma可以推出該空表示“母親”,因此應(yīng)填mother。8A.warm Bfeel Cbuy Dbreak答案D解析由上文第6空所在句的a painful divorce可以推出該空表示“使破碎”,因此應(yīng)填break。9A.Unable BUnwilling CUncertain DUnhappy答案A10A.punished Bscolded Cthanked Dappreciate

23、d答案B解析由上文可知,作者不滿意她母親給她女兒講自己感情方面的事,因此該空表示“責(zé)怪”,應(yīng)填scolded。11A.hire Bmeet Cfire Dinvite答案B解析我答應(yīng)去見Steve。12A.wrong Bright Cclear Dclever答案B解析由上文可知,作者的母親和女兒都贊成作者重新獲得愛,而作者現(xiàn)在獲得了愛,因此母親和女兒的觀點是對的。3(2010衡陽二次統(tǒng)考)She had been shopping with her Mom in WalMart.She must have been 6 years old.It was1outside.We all stoo

24、d just inside the door of the WalMart.Her voice was so sweet for the2waiting.“Mom,lets run through the rain,” she said.“What？” Mom asked.“Lets run through the rain！” She3.“No,honey.Well wait until it slows down a bit,” Mom replied.This young child waited about4minute and repeated,“Mom,lets run throu

25、gh the rain.”“Well get soaked if we do,” Mom said.“No,we wont,Mom.Thats not what you said this morning,” the young girl said as she5her Moms arm.“This morning？When did I say we could run through the rain and not get6？”“Dont you remember？When you were talking to Daddy about his cancer,you said,If God

26、 can get us7this,he can get us through anything！”The entire crowd became dead silent.I swore you couldnt hear anything but the rain.We all stood silently.Mom8and thought for a moment about what she would say.“Honey,you are absolutely right.Lets run through the rain.If we get wet,maybe we just need9,

27、” Mom said.Then off they ran.We all stood watching,smiling and laughing as they rushed past the cars.They held their shopping10over their heads just in case.They got soaked.But they were followed by a few who screamed and laughed like children all the way to their cars.And yes,I did.I ran.I got wet.

28、I needed washing.Circumstances or people can take away your11possessions,they can take away your money,and they can take away your health.But no one can ever take away your precious memories.So,dont forget to12time and take the opportunities to make memories every day!1A.quarrelling Bpouring Csnowin

29、g Dtrembling答案B解析考查語境和動詞。由下文可知,外面下著雨,故用pour。pour有“(雨)傾瀉,滂沱”之意。quarrel爭吵,爭辯；snow下雪；tremble發(fā)抖,均不符合語境。2A.annoying Binteresting Cappreciating Dexpecting答案A解析考查語境。躲雨等待的感受應(yīng)該不是很舒服的,故選用annoying,意思是“使煩惱的”。interesting有趣的；appreciating欣賞的；expecting期望的,均與語境不符。3A.answered Bdeclared CrepeatedDannounced答案C解析考查語境。由上

30、下文可知,此處女兒又重復(fù)了一遍,故用repeated。answer為單純地回答,沒有重復(fù)之意,不是最佳答案。declare斷言；宣布；announce宣布,這兩個詞的使用環(huán)境與此處不符,故排除。4A.a more Bother Can anotherDanother答案D解析考查詞語辨析。此處意為“小女孩又等了一分鐘。”another加單數(shù)名詞或加數(shù)詞和復(fù)數(shù)名詞,表示“再,又”之意。another minute同one more minute,但不能用a more minute。5A.pulled Bhit Cpushed Ddragged答案A解析考查語境。小女孩應(yīng)是“拉住”媽媽的胳膊。hit表示“擊,打”之意；push推；drag拖,拖曳；緩慢而費力地行動；pull為一般意義的“拖,拉”。故選A項。6A.hurt Bwet Cwounded Ds