高考英語(yǔ)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

1、 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格的名詞或代詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格的名詞或代詞（作為邏輯主語(yǔ)）加上一個(gè)分詞、形容詞、副詞、（作為邏輯主語(yǔ)）加上一個(gè)分詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式或介詞短語(yǔ)，其作用相當(dāng)于不定式或介詞短語(yǔ)，其作用相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句，多，多用來(lái)表示行為方式或者伴隨情況，有時(shí)也用來(lái)表用來(lái)表示行為方式或者伴隨情況，有時(shí)也用來(lái)表示時(shí)間、原因和條件。這種結(jié)構(gòu)多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。示時(shí)間、原因和條件。這種結(jié)構(gòu)多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。1表示時(shí)間：表示時(shí)間： Spring coming on, the trees turned green. Our work having been finished, we w

2、ent home. The signal given, the bus started. The meeting (being) over, we left the room.2表示原因：表示原因： It being Sunday, the library was closed. The weather being fine, we went for a walk. There being no buses, we had to walk home. The key having been lost, she could not enter the room. 3表示條件：表示條件： Time

3、 permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. Weather permitting, they will start at six tomorrow morning.4表示伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明表示伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明： Last night I followed him here, and climbed in, sword in hand. The children were making a snowman, hands red with the cold. I have bought a new coat, the old one being worn

4、 out. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的形式：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的形式： 名詞或代詞名詞或代詞+分詞（分詞（doingdone)1).Weather permitting,well go sightseeing.2).All things considered,her paper is of greater value than yours.3).He lay on his back,his teeth set,his right hand clenched on his breast and his glaring eyes looking straight upward. 名詞或代詞名詞或代詞+不定式不定式

5、The exam to be held tomorrow,I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.不定式在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中多表示將來(lái)的行為，表不定式在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中多表示將來(lái)的行為，表示示“企圖企圖” “約定約定”等，指的是按計(jì)劃安排要做等，指的是按計(jì)劃安排要做的事的事。 名詞或代詞名詞或代詞+形容詞形容詞副詞副詞 1).He entered the room,his nose(being) red with cold. 2).Our lessons (being )over,we went to play football. 3).It being Sunday,

6、I didnt go to school. 名詞或代詞名詞或代詞+介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)1).The children came running towards us,(with) flowers in their hands.2).Last night I followed him here,and climbed in, sword in hand. 名詞或代詞名詞或代詞+名詞名詞He fount the robber ,a stick his only weapon. 表示存在時(shí)，也可以構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)表示存在時(shí)，也可以構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)1). There being no buses,they

7、 walked to the theatre.2).There being no cause for fear,he returned to his hometown.1with + 名詞（或代詞）名詞（或代詞）+ 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 He fell asleep with the lamp burning. With winter coming on, its time to buy warm clothes.2with + 名詞（或代詞）名詞（或代詞）+ 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. With the w

8、ork finished, all of us went out for a walk. 介詞介詞+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（介詞復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（介詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)）賓補(bǔ)） with (without like) 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)3with + 名詞（或代詞）名詞（或代詞）+ 動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式 I cant go out with all these dishes to wash. With so many books to read, I couldnt go out with you4with + 名詞（或代詞）名詞（或代詞）+ 介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ) He walked along with his hat

9、on the back of his head. He simply stared at her with that peculiar expression on his face. 5with +名詞（或代詞）名詞（或代詞）+形容詞形容詞 The man was sleeping with the window open.The mother doesnt allow her child to talk with his mouth full. 6with +名詞（或代詞）名詞（或代詞）+副詞副詞 With John away, weve got more room. The student

10、 listened to his teacher with his head down. With the teacher there, he cant write. without like +復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) Without a word more spoken,he left the room. The old pine tree still stood there like an umbrella covering the entrance.1作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ) 表示伴隨情況、原因、條件、時(shí)間或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明：表示伴隨情況、原因、條件、時(shí)間或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明： The day is bright, with a fresh breeze blowing. With three people away ill, well have to close the office this afternoon. What a lonely world it would be with you away.2作定語(yǔ)（作定語(yǔ)（with相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于having,該結(jié)構(gòu)可改成帶有該結(jié)構(gòu)可改成帶有have的的定語(yǔ)從句）定語(yǔ)從句） The new building with its windows fac