高中英語(yǔ) Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero同步練習(xí) 新人教版必修1

1、2011-2012學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)必修1（人教版）同步練習(xí)Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容： Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero1. 重點(diǎn)單詞短語(yǔ)用法講解2. 課文難點(diǎn)句解析 3. 定語(yǔ)從句講解二. 知識(shí)總結(jié)與歸納：?jiǎn)卧獌?nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介：1. 繼續(xù)了解英雄人物的基本情況。2. 繼續(xù)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。三. 重點(diǎn)講解與歸納：1. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.when: 關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)

2、從句，修飾breaks和eveningsshould have done：本來(lái)應(yīng)該做而沒(méi)有做的事He should have come here in the morning. 他本該早上就來(lái)的。Mr. Wang should have arrived at 8:00, but he didnt appear. 他應(yīng)該八點(diǎn)鐘到的，但是卻沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)。拓展：1）shouldnt have done 本來(lái)不該做卻做了的事情You shouldnt have cheated in the exam. 你考試時(shí)不該作弊。2）must have done 過(guò)去一定做過(guò)某事It must have snowe

3、d last night. 昨天晚上一定下雪了。3）cant have done 過(guò)去不可能做過(guò)某事He cant gone to Shanghai. I saw him just now. 他不可能去上海了。我剛剛還看見(jiàn)他了。4）neednt have done 本來(lái)不必做某事而做了You neednt have washed your clothes. 你本來(lái)用不著洗衣服的。asleep：表語(yǔ)形容詞，跟在系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)，表示“睡著的”sleep：動(dòng)詞或名詞，“睡覺(jué)”sleepy：形容詞，“打盹”的Is he still sleeping? 他還在睡嗎？Yes, he is fast as

4、leep. 是的，他睡得很熟。Im too sleepy to hear the end of the concert. 我太困了，沒(méi)有聽(tīng)完音樂(lè)會(huì)。發(fā)散：fall asleep 入睡go to sleep 入睡be fast/sound asleep 酣睡、睡熟sleep late 睡懶覺(jué)2. I became a good student and wanted to study for my degree but I was not allowed to do that.degree:1）學(xué)位課程，學(xué)位He took a medical degree. 他獲得了醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位。2）度，度數(shù)The

5、temperature rose 10 degrees. 溫度升高了10度。A right angle has 90 degrees. 直角是90度。3）程度He has a high degree of ability. 他能力很強(qiáng)。發(fā)散：take a degree 攻讀學(xué)位have a degree 擁有學(xué)位a doctors degree 博士學(xué)位a masters degree 碩士學(xué)位a bachelors degree 學(xué)士學(xué)位to a degree = to a certain degree 在某種程度上3. He said they should not be stopped

6、from studying for their degrees.stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事We tried to stop him (from) smoking. 我們?cè)噲D阻止他吸煙。They were stopped from entering the building. 他們被阻止進(jìn)入那幢大樓。4. As they were cleverer than me, but did pass their exams, I knew I could get a degree too.did pass: 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞原形前面加do, does或

7、didDo be careful! 千萬(wàn)小心！He does sing very well. 他唱歌確實(shí)很好。You did say that word. 你的確說(shuō)過(guò)那個(gè)字。注意：do的這種用法只用于肯定句，且只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)。5. Since I was better educated, I got a job working in an office.since: 由于，既然，表原因辨析：since, as, because, forbecause表原因的語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，經(jīng)常表示聽(tīng)者未知的原因。since意為“由于，既然”，表示已知的或大家都清楚的原因as有時(shí)可與because互換，但

8、語(yǔ)氣不如because強(qiáng)烈for引導(dǎo)的句子對(duì)前一句話起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用，前面有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)educated: 1）adj. 受過(guò)教育的，受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的He was highly educated and could make money. 他受過(guò)了高等教育，可以賺錢了。2）v. 教育，培養(yǎng) educate sb. to do sth. 教育某人做某事 educate sb. about/on sth. 就某事教育某人Its not an easy job to educate children. 教育孩子不是一件簡(jiǎn)單的事。Teachers educate students to protect them

9、selves. 老師訓(xùn)練學(xué)生自我保護(hù)。Parents educate teenagers about the dangers of smoking. 他們教育青少年認(rèn)識(shí)吸煙的危害。發(fā)散：education n. 教育educational adj. 教育的educator n. 教育家，教師6. I did not work for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1993.come to power: 上臺(tái)，執(zhí)政發(fā)散：be in power 執(zhí)政，掌權(quán)get into power 上臺(tái)lose power

10、下臺(tái)return to power 重新執(zhí)政7. They said that the job and the pay from the now South African government was my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.reward:1）n. 報(bào)答，報(bào)償，獎(jiǎng)賞He worked hard but without much reward. 他工作努力但報(bào)酬不多。2）v. 酬謝，報(bào)答reward sb. with sth. 用酬謝某人reward sb. for sth. 因而酬

11、謝某人They rewarded me with a prize. 他們給我一筆獎(jiǎng)金作酬謝。I was rewarded for my hard work. 我的工作得到了報(bào)酬。3）in reward 作為報(bào)酬She got nothing in reward. 她沒(méi)有得到任何報(bào)答。8. He was sentenced to prison for life on Robben Island for being one of their leaders.sentence: 1）v. 判決，宣判The killer was sentenced to death. 兇手被判處死刑。2）n. 判決，

12、判刑He is serving a sentence of six months in prison. 他在獄中服刑6個(gè)月。發(fā)散：heavy/light sentence 重/輕判death sentence 死刑life sentence 終生監(jiān)禁語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語(yǔ)，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。使用要點(diǎn)1. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作

13、主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能省略。e.g. The classroom that is on the fourth floor is poorly equipped. 2. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)且前面沒(méi)有介詞時(shí)，?？墒÷?。e.g. The food (that) they are eating is nice.This is the girl with whom he works.3. 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中不可省略。e.g. I have come to explain the reason why I was absent from the meeting.4. 只用that，不用which的情況：a.

14、當(dāng)先行詞有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)；b. 當(dāng)先行詞前有the only, the very, the last等詞修飾時(shí)；c. 當(dāng)先行詞為anything, nothing, something, everything, all, little, much等不定代詞修飾時(shí)；d. 當(dāng)先行詞前有all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等詞修飾時(shí)；e. It is 句型中的引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。5. 只用which，不用that的情況：a. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)；b. 引導(dǎo)詞前有介詞時(shí)；c. 一個(gè)句子中若有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，一個(gè)用that引導(dǎo)，另一個(gè)用whi

15、ch引導(dǎo)。e.g. He bought a book that could give him much knowledge and which could help him to kill the time.6. 當(dāng)those作為先行詞指人時(shí)，通常只能用who引導(dǎo)。7. as 從句的先行詞是the same, such, 或被它們所修飾；多用于表示肯定意義的從句中，不用于表否定意義的從句中。e.g. Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started.The result was not such as he expec

16、ted.It was raining hard, which(as) was unexpected.8. 介詞+關(guān)系代詞要根據(jù)a. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的固定搭配 e.g. This is the evidence with which the case is connected.b. 先行詞 e.g. Ill never forget the day on whichwhen I joined the party.c. 句子表達(dá)的意思 e.g. The boss in whose department Mr King worked got sacked.d. 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，名詞代詞+of+whi

17、chwhom表示整體與部分的關(guān)系e.g. The workers, some of whom stayed for four years, came from different countries.e. 介詞的位置一般放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時(shí)也可放在從句中原來(lái)的位置上。e.g. We did it in the same way in which he didwhich he did in. 9. That 作為關(guān)聯(lián)詞可以當(dāng)作關(guān)系副詞用e.g. This is the house in which Louis XIII lived. This is the house that Louis X

18、III lived. This is the house where Louis XIII lived. This is house which Louis XIII lived in. This is the house Louis XIII lived in.【模擬試題】I. 單項(xiàng)選擇1. Led by Lincoln，the American blacks fought bravely _ their rights and managed to be_ slavery.A. with ; free fromB. for; againstC. for; free fromD. agains

19、t; for2. _ the devekionebt of science, job positions are becoming fewer and fewer, so many people are worried about _ they would be out of work.A. With; ifB. As; whetherC. With; whetherD. As; if3. Now we are in a position_ we have to accept that we are wrong.A. on whichB. whereC. whenD. that4. Under

20、 such conditions, we can _ advise him to stop the experiment_ see a failure in the end.A. neither；norB. either; orC. both; andD. neither; or5. Tom _to his mother's birthday party, but he was too busy yesterday.A. must have comeB. may have comeC. should have comeD. might have come6. Now many peop

21、le move into cities in order to have their children_.A. better educateB. receive well educationC. better educatedD. accept better education7. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway.A. untilB. thatC. whenD. where8. The result of the exam was very good, _ we h

22、adn't expected.A. asB. whichC. thatD. what9. Recently many experts advised new laws _ to protect the city environment.A. should be pastB. are to be passedC. being passedD. be passed10. The “Microsoft” software is most widely used because anyone with a computer can _ its software_.A. fix; freelyB

23、. fit ;freeC. fit; freelyD. fix; for freedom11. The dictionary still _ where I _ it a moment ago.A. lies; laidB. lied; layC. laid; laidD. lies; lay12. When I returned to my hometown, I found it_ completely.A. have changedB. has changedC. changedD. changing13. As _ cities grow, so does _ number of bu

24、ildings that characterize them: office towers, factories, shopping centers and high-rise apartment buildings.A. the;不填B. the; aC. 不填；aD. 不填；the14._ his choice of two jobs, the man decided to take the one which was nearer to the house.A. When offeredB. When he is offeredC. When he offeredD. When offe

25、ring15. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. it. 完形填空I once thought I would be a perfect parent. It took 1 sixteen years to learn 2 I could not be. I know that I made 3 mistakes. If I raised my 4 again, I would not make those 5 . Maybe I wo

26、uld make 6 ones, but I would do a better job. I would try to understand my 7 towards my children. I often did what my own 8 would have done. I 9 their ways of raising children control me. For example, I had my teenage 10 David come home early. He hated this rule. He said no reason 11 it. As a girl,

27、I had to be 12 early. I wanted my son to do 13 . Today I would think more about 14 I wanted things done in a certain way. My father was sick when I was 15 . My sister, my brother , and 16 were quiet at 17 . We did not yell in anger. We did not shout for 18 . I wanted my children to be quiet too. I n

28、ever 19 to ask “why?” 20 was hard for me to let my children show anger. I stopped my children when 21 started to get angry. Now I would tell my 22 . “It is all 23 to show love. It is all right to show 24 . Your feelings are good. I love you 25 what you feel .” 1. A. moreB. meC. in D. my 2. A. thisB.

29、 whatC. sinceD. that 3. A. someB. fewC. no D. any 4. A. handB. questions C. demandD. children 5. A. answersB. says C. mistakesD. friends 6. A. old B. newC. someD. little 7. A. questionsB. loveC. actionsD. mistakes 8. A. childrenB. beliefC. parentsD. strength 9. A. loveB. openC. letD. go 10. A. sonB.

30、 misterC. young D. friend 11. A. atB. for C. byD. of 12. A. naturedB. loved C. home D. quick 13. A. the sameB. a lot C. wellD. at once 14. A. whatB. whichC. whyD. whom 15. A. taughtB. toldC. youngD. naughty 16. A. we B. he C. I D. me 17. A. all times B. no time C. some timeD. the time 18. A. joyB. a

31、ngerC. all D. games 19. A. believedB. worried C. realizedD. stopped 20. A. It B. I C. There D. Sometimes 21. A. parents B. suddenly C. had D. they 22. A. parent B. children C. neighbourD. brother 23. A. in allB. men C. agreed D. right 24. A. love B. anger C. yourselvesD. around 25. A. no longerB. no

32、 more C. no wonderD. no matter. 閱讀理解AWhen many people are worried that there are no more heroes in the modern era，two university students who lost their lives to rescue drowning children have shown that heroes still exist（存在）. According to the Inner Mongolia Morning Post，the tragedy（悲?。?occurred on

33、the afternoon of December 14,2002 when three school students skating on a frozen lake in Qingcheng Park in Hohhot fell through the ice into the freezing water. More than 20 university students who happened to be near the spot immediately went to the rescue of the children. Two children were quickly

34、rescued，but the third died.The child's body was not found for three hours. Two of the rescuers，Liu Ye and Hao Longbiao，also died of cold and exhaustion（筋疲力盡）. The body of Hao who took the lead in jumping into the lake was not found until the next day. A student who was unwilling to tell his name

35、 said he and his classmates from the local college were taking photos at the lake. When they heard the children's cries for help， they went to the ice hole hand in hand to rescue the children. But the ice kept breaking， causing most of them to fall into the icy water. Local residents held mourni

36、ng ceremonies（祭奠儀式） at the lake. Eight of the students were seriously affected by the freezing water and were being kept in hospital for further observation， but their lives were no longer in danger. 1. The underlined word “occurred” here means“”. A. employed B. mixed C. guided D. happened2. When th

37、e three students fell into water， the university students were . A. skating on the ice B. taking photos at the lake C. having a picnic D. walking along the lake3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ A. Three students died on the same day in all. B. Hao Longbiaos body was found o

38、n December 14,2002. C. The university students didnt think it dangerous to save the drowning children in the lake. D. Local residents were not brave in face of danger. 4. It can be inferred that . A. people think little of the two university students' death B. the ice on the lake wasn't stro

39、ng enough to skate on C. some students regretted for what they had done D. heroes don't agree with the steps of modern times5. The author wrote the passage to . A. warn people of the danger of skating on ice B. call on people to learn from the brave university students C. tell us a tragedy D. ad

40、vise university students to cherish（珍惜） their livesB No one is glad to hear that his body has to be cut open by a surgeon（外科醫(yī)生） and part of it taken out. Today， however， we needn't worry about feeling pain during the operation. The sick person falls into a kind of sleep， and when he awakes， the

41、operation is finished. But these happy conditions are fairly new. It is not many years since a man who had to have operation felt all its pain. Long ago， operation had usually to be done while the sick man could feel everything. The sick man had to be held down on a table by force while the doctors

42、did their best for him. He could feel all the pain if his leg or arm was being cut off， and his fearful cries filled the room and the hearts of those who watched. Soon after 1770， Josept Priestley discovered a gas which is now called “l(fā)aughing gas”.Laughing gas became known in America.Young men and women went to parties to try it. Most of