獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)一獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)1.概念概念: 狀語有時可以由一個名詞或代詞和另一成分構(gòu)狀語有時可以由一個名詞或代詞和另一成分構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)擔(dān)任成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)擔(dān)任,稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。2.結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu): 名詞名詞/代詞代詞 + 分詞分詞/形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞/不定式不定式/介詞介詞短語短語 。 這一結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可以表示時間、原因、條這一結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可以表示時間、原因、條 件、方式或伴隨情況。件、方式或伴隨情況。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)() 名詞名詞/代詞代詞+分詞分詞(過去分詞過去分詞/現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞) 當(dāng)分詞

2、作狀語時當(dāng)分詞作狀語時,其邏輯主語與句子的主語其邏輯主語與句子的主語不一致時不一致時,分詞應(yīng)有自己的邏輯主語分詞應(yīng)有自己的邏輯主語,構(gòu)成分詞構(gòu)成分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。一般位于句首的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。一般位于句首,也可放在句尾也可放在句尾;作作伴隨狀語時伴隨狀語時,常放在句首。常放在句首。 1.This problem settled, they left the meeting room.2.Time permitting, well go there on foot. 3.He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

3、和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)()名詞名詞/代詞代詞 + (being) 形容詞形容詞His mother being ill, he had to stay home to look after her.2. He entered the house, his nose red with cold. ()名詞代詞（名詞代詞（being) 副詞副詞 He put on his socks， wrong side out.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)()名詞代詞不定式名詞代詞不定式1.I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _ in a year. (2005

4、湖南湖南) A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed2. Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)（）名詞代詞介詞短語名詞代詞介詞短語在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果邏輯主語與介詞短語在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果邏輯主語與介詞短語中的名詞都是單數(shù)名詞，這些名詞前習(xí)慣中的名詞都是單數(shù)名詞，這些名詞前習(xí)慣不用冠詞。不用冠詞。1.Our teacher came into the classroom, book in hand.2.Flag on s

5、houlder, the soldier rushed to the top of the mountain.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)()有些獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中沒有分詞，僅有些獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中沒有分詞，僅 在名詞或代詞之后直接跟作表語或狀語在名詞或代詞之后直接跟作表語或狀語 的詞或詞組，省去的分詞一般是的詞或詞組，省去的分詞一般是being 或或having been，這是為了簡練，這是為了簡練。但在但在“being+過去分詞過去分詞”或或“there being過去分詞過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，結(jié)構(gòu)中，being不可省不可省。1.Breakfast (being) over, he went t

6、o school.2.There being no cause for alarm, she went back to her room. 3.The room being painted now, we cant go there. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)二二With和和without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)with和和without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是:with/without名詞代詞分名詞代詞分詞不定式形容詞副詞介詞不定式形容詞副詞介詞短語。在句子中可以作狀語或詞短語。在句子中可以作狀語或定語。定語。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)（）with/without名詞代詞現(xiàn)在分詞。名詞

7、代詞現(xiàn)在分詞。用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動、正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動、正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。 I couldnt finish my work with those children _. A. playing around B. plays around C. played around D. to play around () with/without 名詞代詞名詞代詞+ 過去分詞。過去分詞。用過去用過去分詞表示被動或已完成的動作。分詞表示被動或已完成的動作。 In the read-room, we found her seated at a desk, with her atte

8、ntion _ on a book. A. fixing B. fixes C. fixed D. to fix 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)() with/without名詞代詞不定式。名詞代詞不定式。用不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作。用不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作。 With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled ()with/without名詞代詞形容詞。名詞代詞

9、形容詞。 She sleeps with the window open.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)() with/without+名詞代詞副詞。名詞代詞副詞。 _ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through() with/without+名詞代詞介詞短語。名詞代詞介詞短語。 1.He sleeps with a book in his hand. 2. A girl with a necklace around her neck go

10、t on the bus. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)三三with和和without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)化與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)化（） with和和without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語時，一般可相互轉(zhuǎn)換；此外還可變?yōu)闋钫Z從中作狀語時，一般可相互轉(zhuǎn)換；此外還可變?yōu)闋钫Z從句或并列句。句或并列句。（）作時間狀語（）作時間狀語 With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.=Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow

11、 and some birds fly south. = When winter comes on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)（）作原因狀語（）作原因狀語 With the key lost, she could not enter the room. =The key lost, she could not enter the room. =As/Because the key had been lost, she could not enter the room.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with

12、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)(3)作條件狀語作條件狀語 With time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. =Time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. =If time permits, well visit the Summer Palace.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)(4)作伴隨狀語作伴隨狀語 Here are the first three volumes with the fourth one to come out next month. =Here are the first three

13、 volumes, the fourth one to come out next month.=Here are the first three volumes and the fourth one is coming out next month. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)() with和和without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以作復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以作后置定語修飾名詞，而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)后置定語修飾名詞，而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則不可作后置定語修飾名詞構(gòu)則不可作后置定語修飾名詞。 Soon she arrived at a park with grass green and flowers in blossom.

14、=Soon she arrived at a park whose grass was green and whose flowers were in blossom.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)1._ ten minutes _ before the last train left, we arrived at the station. A. There were; to go B. With; to go C. I was; left D. It had; left2.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with t

15、he _. A.20 dollars remained B.20 dollars to remain C.remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars3._ the lights off, we could not go on with the work. A. Until B. As C. With D. Because鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)4.It was a pity that the great writer died _ his work unfinished. A. for B. with C. from D.

16、of5.The weather _ so bad, we had to put off the football match. A. was B. is C. were D. being6. _, the runners raced on to the finishing line. A. Stick in hand B. With a stick in his hand C. Sticks in hand D. Sticks in hands7. The boy lay on the ground, his eyes _ and his hands _. A. being closed; t

17、rembling B. closed; trembling C. closed; trembled D. closing; trembled 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí) 8._,the work can be done much better. A. Given more time B. We had been given more time C. More time given D. If more time had given 9.Weather _, the sports meet will be held as scheduled. A. permits B. will per

18、mit C. to permit D. permitting 10._ a rainy day, he didnt go out for a walk as usual. A. It was B. It is C. It being D. Having beenWell Well done!done!獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí) 非謂語動詞是高中語法的重點(diǎn)，也是難點(diǎn)，咱們常常對此感到頭疼。其實(shí)只要理解并掌握非謂語動詞各種形式的特點(diǎn)，做起題來會很輕松。熟悉知道了非謂語動詞形式后，做題時可分四步分析。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí) 一、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)1. _many times , but

19、 he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it . A. Having been told .B. ToldC. He was told D. Though he told3. _to the left , youll find the post office .4. If you _to the left , youll find the post office .5. _to the left , and youll find the post office . A. Turn

20、ing B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí) 二、分析邏輯主語確定要選非謂語動詞之后，第二步要分析其邏輯主語。非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語須和句子的真正主語一致。若不一致，則須加上自己的邏輯主語。1. _no buses , we have to walk home . A. There being B. It were C. There were D. It being2. _Sunday I shall have a quiet day at home .

21、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí) 三、分析語態(tài)分析語態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是主動還是被動關(guān)系。1. _from space , the earth looks blue .2._from space , we can see the earth is blue . A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See3. The dirty clothes _ , the girl hung them up outside .4. _ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside . A

22、. was washed B. washed C. were washed D. having washed 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí) 四、分析時態(tài)，在選定了主動或被動后，還要考慮動作發(fā)生的時間問題，即時態(tài)。1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _next year will be a restaurant .3. The building _last year is a restaurant.A. having been built B.to be built C. being built D. bui

23、lt獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)看看獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和其他句式的結(jié)合 He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding.A. whomB. themC. which D. who【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荁，這不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭釉~ invited 并不是一個完整的謂語，而是一個過去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在 invited 前加上助動詞 were，則是一個非限制性定語從句，答案便應(yīng)選A 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí) (1) They pu

24、t forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that【陷阱】容易誤選B，