高二選修七Unit 1 Living well-Grammar動(dòng)詞不定式[課件下載]

1、Unit 1 Do you believe I can fly like a bird?How can you believe I can fly like a bird? _is to believe. Its impossible for humans _now.To seeto fly like a bird結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu) : to do;(否定否定) not to do 二二. 時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài) 主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài) 一般式一般式 進(jìn)行式進(jìn)行式 完成式完成式完成進(jìn)行式完成進(jìn)行式不定式不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done

2、to have been done to have been doing-(1).They pretended not to see us.(2). He pretended to be sleeping. (3).She pretended to have known it before.( (一般式一般式表示與謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)表示與謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)/ /幾乎同時(shí)幾乎同時(shí)/ /發(fā)生在發(fā)生在它之后它之后.).)( (進(jìn)行式進(jìn)行式表示在謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的同時(shí)表示在謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的同時(shí), ,不定式的動(dòng)作不定式的動(dòng)作也正在進(jìn)行也正在進(jìn)行) )( (完成式完成式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之

3、前) )(4).Were happy to have been working with you. ( (完成進(jìn)行式完成進(jìn)行式表示謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前表示謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前, ,不定式的不定式的動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行而且可能之后也繼續(xù)動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行而且可能之后也繼續(xù)) )1. 作主語作主語2. 作賓語作賓語3. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語作賓語補(bǔ)足語4. 作定語作定語5. 作狀語作狀語6. 作表語作表語7. 作獨(dú)立成分作獨(dú)立成分8. 與疑問詞等連用與疑問詞等連用(1).不定式作不定式作主語主語時(shí)時(shí),往往放在謂語之后往往放在謂語之后,用用it作形式主語作形式主語. To see is to believe. Its imp

4、ossible for humans to fly like a bird now. My job to_. Your task to_ .(2).不定式作表語不定式作表語protect the world. He likes to_. I find it still necessary (for him) to _ if he wants to win.(3) 不定式作賓語不定式作賓語play basketball句型：句型：think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do 常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：agree, afford,

5、appear, ask, attempt；care, choose, claim；dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine；expect, fail, get, guarantee；hate, hesitate, hope, hurry；intend, learn, manage, offer,plan, prepare, pretend, promise；refuse, seem, tend, threaten；want, wish 等等+ to do。The teacher told me to_I expect you to_.(4). 不定式作賓補(bǔ)不定式

6、作賓補(bǔ)hand in my papersThe teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.引導(dǎo)不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞：引導(dǎo)不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞：五看五看 watch see look at observe notice三三使使 let make have 二聽二聽 listen to hear一感覺一感覺: feelWarn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等等+sb to do sth+ sb do sth（省略省略to）I made him do his work

7、.He was made to do his work (by me).變成被動(dòng)，被省略的變成被動(dòng)，被省略的to 要還原要還原。不定式用在介詞不定式用在介詞but, except, besides后時(shí)后時(shí),如果這些介詞前有如果這些介詞前有行為動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞do的的各種形式各種形式,那么介詞后的不定式不帶那么介詞后的不定式不帶to,相反則帶相反則帶to.(1). She could do nothing but cry.(2). I have no choice but to go.Note 1Note 2I have something to say,but my brother has a l

8、ot of homework _,so I am looking for someone _.(5).不定式作定語不定式作定語不定式作定語時(shí)，不定式作定語時(shí)，應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面，應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面，而且放在其他后置定語之后。而且放在其他后置定語之后。1. 作定語的不定式如果是作定語的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞相應(yīng)的介詞。 He is looking for a room to live in.2. 不定式所修飾的名詞如果是不定式所修飾

9、的名詞如果是time, place或或way，不定式后面的不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上要省去介詞習(xí)慣上要省去。 He had no money and no place to live in.3. something, anything, nothing, everything等等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式做后置定語。復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式做后置定語。注意比較：注意比較：1) Have you anything to send? 你有什么東西要寄嗎？你有什么東西要寄嗎？2) Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？

10、（不定式（不定式to send的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是you）（不定式（不定式to be sent的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是已被省略的已被省略的me 或或someone else）I got up early to_. I came here to_.(6) 不定式作狀語不定式作狀語in order to , so as to ,enough to ,only to , too.to.,catch the trainTo tell the truth, I am not happy at the moment.(7).獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)to be frank, to be honest,

11、to tell the truth He didnt know _.(8) . 與疑問詞等連用與疑問詞等連用what to say不定式與疑問詞不定式與疑問詞who,which, when, how, what who,which, when, how, what 等連用，在句中起名詞作用，可充當(dāng)主語、表等連用，在句中起名詞作用，可充當(dāng)主語、表語、賓語等。語、賓語等。He didnt know what to say.(.(賓語賓語) ) How to solve the problem is very important.(.(主語主語) ) My question is when to s

12、tart. (. (表語表語) )注意：注意：在與在與whywhy連用時(shí)，只用于連用時(shí)，只用于whywhy或或why notwhy not開頭的簡(jiǎn)開頭的簡(jiǎn)短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶toto。 Why not have a rest?(9) 不定式的省略不定式的省略 (1).不定式中的動(dòng)詞上文已出現(xiàn)過不定式中的動(dòng)詞上文已出現(xiàn)過,下文要下文要 省略該動(dòng)詞省略該動(dòng)詞. e.g.: Would you like to go with me ? Id like to.(2). 不定式是不定式是to be 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu), be 不可省不可省. e.g.: Woul

13、d you like to be a teacher? Id like to be.Marty says2. I have learned to adapt to my disability.3. I used to climb trees and swim and play football.4. Then I started to get weaker and weaker.1.The doctors dont know so they dont know how to make me well.Marty says5. Even after all the tests, no one c

14、ouldgive my disease a name, so it is difficultto know what the future will be like.6. Sometimes, I am too weak to go to school.7.My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up. 8. Last year I inventedand a big company has decided to buy it from me.Marty says9. I have a lot of study t

15、o do as well, especially after I have been sick for a while.10. I have had to work hard to live a normal life, but it has been worth it.11. If I had the chance to say one thing to healthy kids, it would be this:12. Just accept them for who they are and give them encouragement to live as rich and ful

16、l a life as you do.介詞介詞1. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eating2. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone3. Charles Babbage is gen

17、erally considered _the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented4. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking5. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D.

18、Having sleep6. The teacher asked us _ so much noise. A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make7. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. no

19、t to do C. not to ride D. do not to10. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying11. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. not make B. not to make C. not making D.

20、dont make12. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. expected B. to expect A.C. to be expecting D. expects13. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. see14. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. it what to do with B. what to do with it