第5講八年級(jí)上nits12

1、第第5講八年級(jí)講八年級(jí)(上上)units 12英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)1few(adj.)fewer(比較級(jí))fewest(最高級(jí))2bored(adj.)boring(adj.)令人感到厭倦的3decide(v.)decision(n.)決定4building(n.)build(v.)建造5hungry(adj.)hunger(n.)饑餓6hard(adv.)努力hardly(adv.)幾乎不7one(num.)once(adv.)一次8two(num.)twice(adv.)兩次9full(adj.)empty(adj.反義詞)空的10little(adj.&adv.)less(比較級(jí))least(最高級(jí)

2、)11health(n.)healthy(adj.)健康的unhealthy(adj.)不健康的12die(v.)dead(adj.)死的death(n.)死亡1quite a few相當(dāng)多2of course當(dāng)然3feel like感受到4because of因?yàn)?stay at home待在家6another two hours又兩個(gè)小時(shí)7in the past在過(guò)去8find out找出；查明9hardly ever幾乎從不10at least至少；起碼11such as例如12more than多于13less than少于14how often多久一次15old habits die

3、 hard積習(xí)難改1did you buy anything special？你買(mǎi)特別的東西了嗎？2everything tasted really good所有的東西嘗起來(lái)真的很好吃！3because of the bad weather，we couldnt see anything below.因?yàn)閴奶鞖?，我們沒(méi)能看到下面的任何景色。4my legs were so tired that i wanted to stop.我的雙腿太累了以至于我想停下來(lái)。5how often do you exercise？你多久鍛煉一次？twice a week一周兩次。6what does she d

4、o on weekends？她周末做什么？she sometimes goes shopping.她有時(shí)去購(gòu)物。7how many hours do you usually sleep at night？晚上你通常睡幾個(gè)小時(shí)？8my father didnt bring enough money我爸爸沒(méi)帶足夠的錢(qián)。9i felt like i was a bird.我感覺(jué)自己就像一只鳥(niǎo)。 decide【典例在線】we decided on spending the vacation by the sea.我們決定在海邊度假。he decided to go to france for his

5、holiday.他決定到法國(guó)去度假。i cant decide what to wear.我不能決定穿什么。【拓展精析】decide動(dòng)詞，意為“決定”。decide on sth.就某事而定decide (not) to do sth.決定(不)做某事decide“特殊疑問(wèn)詞動(dòng)詞不定式”decision名詞，意為“決定”。make a decision做決定【活學(xué)活用】1)他們決定在周末去游泳。they decided_to go swimming on weekends2)在你生氣的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)不要做任何決定。please dont make_any_decisions when you are

6、 angry.try【典例在線】parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them.父母?jìng)冊(cè)噲D為他們的孩子們計(jì)劃人生。we should try our best to protect the environment.我們應(yīng)該盡力保護(hù)環(huán)境。he is trying finishing the work by himself.他正試著獨(dú)自完成這項(xiàng)工作。can i try on the dress？我能試穿這條裙子嗎？【拓展精析】try動(dòng)詞，“試圖；設(shè)法；努力”。try to do sth.試圖去做某事try ones best to do s

7、th.盡力去做某事try doing sth.嘗試著去做某事try on試穿try名詞，意為“嘗試”。have a try嘗試一下【活學(xué)活用】3)we can go to jinan railway station by bus.why not _a_ there for a change?atry walkingbtrying to walkctry to walk dto try walking4)this yellow tshirt looks nice.may i _c_？sure.(2014，廣安)atry them on btry on itctry it on dtry them

8、 onhardly【典例在線】i hardly ever exercise.我?guī)缀醪诲憻挕here is hardly any food in the fridge.冰箱里幾乎沒(méi)有食物了。【拓展精析】hardly副詞，意為“幾乎不；幾乎沒(méi)有”，表示否定意義，其同義短語(yǔ)為almost not。通常用在形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞之前。注意：hardly不是hard的副詞形式。hardly表示頻率，常與ever連用。其他表示頻率的詞還有：never(從不)，sometimes(有時(shí))，often(經(jīng)常)，usually(通常)，always(總是)，seldom(很少)?！净顚W(xué)活用】5)did you g

9、o to the cinema last night?oh，no.i _b_ go to the cinema.the tickets，you know，are too expensive.(2014，寧波)aalways bhardlycusually doften6)my sister _a_ goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day.(2014，江西)aalways bsometimes chardly dneveralthough【典例在線】although/though they are very poo

10、r，(yet) they have enough to eat.他們雖然很窮，但食物還是夠吃的。he went out without an overcoat although/though it was very cold.盡管天氣很冷，但他沒(méi)有穿大衣就出去了?！就卣咕觥縜lthough用作連詞，意為“雖然；縱使；不過(guò)；然而”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于though，兩者在大多數(shù)情況下可以通用。although引導(dǎo)的從句，既可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后，若置于主句之前，多用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)。注意：在一個(gè)句子中，用了although/though，就不能再用but，但可用yet；用了but就

11、不能用although/though?！净顚W(xué)活用】7)_b_ he was very tired，he continued working in his office.(2014，天津)asince balthoughcas soon as dbecause8)_d_ lin feng has to work late，she always wears a smile on her face.(2014，南京)abecause bifcuntil dthoughanother two hours又兩個(gè)小時(shí)【典例在線】there is room for another three people

12、in the back of the bus.there is room for three more people in the back of the bus.公共汽車(chē)后面還能坐下三個(gè)人。【拓展精析】“another數(shù)詞名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“再；又；還”，相當(dāng)于“數(shù)詞more名詞復(fù)數(shù)”?！净顚W(xué)活用】9)have you finished your todays work?no，i need _b_(2013，天水)atwo another hours banother two hourscmore two hours dtwo other hoursmy father didnt bring e

13、nough money，.我爸爸沒(méi)有帶上足夠的錢(qián)，【典例在線】we have enough water and bread.我們有足夠的水和面包。he runs quickly enough.他跑得足夠快。its warm enough in the room.屋子里夠暖和了。the box is light enough for the boy to carry.箱子很輕，那個(gè)男孩可以搬動(dòng)。【拓展精析】enough作形容詞，意為“足夠的；充足的”，通常用來(lái)修飾名詞，放在名詞前后均可。enough作副詞，意為“足夠地”，常用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞，但只能放在這些詞之后。enough后常接(for名

14、詞/代詞)to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“足夠做某事”?！净顚W(xué)活用】1)this movie wasnt _a_he fell asleep half way through it.(2013，賀州)ainteresting enough benough interestingcinterested enough denough interested2)lucy isnt_old_enough_to carry the box.(選出能代替畫(huà)線部分的一項(xiàng))_c_(2012，黔西南)ais so young that she can bisnt young enough tocis too yo

15、ung to dis so young toits good to relax by using the internet or watching game shows.上網(wǎng)或看游戲類節(jié)目是很好的放松方式?！镜淅诰€】its very kind of you to say so.你這樣說(shuō)真是太好了。its a little difficult for students to learn english.學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)對(duì)于學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)有點(diǎn)兒難。【拓展精析】句型itsadj.for sb.to do sth.意為“對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事”；句型itsadj.of sb.to do sth.意為“某人做某事”。兩種

16、句型中，it為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為to do sth.。注意：在此句型中，中間是用介詞of還是介詞for，取決于形容詞。當(dāng)形容詞修飾sb.時(shí)，應(yīng)用介詞of；當(dāng)形容詞修飾to do sth.時(shí)，用介詞for?！净顚W(xué)活用】3)its so brave _b_ the soldier to save the boys life.(2013，綏化)ato bof cfor dwith4)its nice _b_ you _ me with my math.afor；to help bof；to helpcfor；helping dof；helpinghow often，how long，how so

17、on，how far【典例在線】how often do you have a sports meeting？你多久開(kāi)一次運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)？twice a year.一年兩次。how long have you lived here？你住在這兒多久了？five years.五年了。how soon will this book come out？這本書(shū)多久才會(huì)出版？in a few days.幾天以后吧。how far is the new supermarket from here？新的超市距離這兒有多遠(yuǎn)？【拓展精析】how often意為“多久一次”，答語(yǔ)通常是always，usually，ofte

18、n，sometimes，once/twice a day/month等表示頻率的副詞或短語(yǔ)。how long意為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，答語(yǔ)通常是(for) three days/weeks/months等時(shí)間段。how soon意為“多久以后”，常用在一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的句子中，其答語(yǔ)通常是“in一段時(shí)間”。how far意為“多遠(yuǎn)”，答語(yǔ)通常是表示距離的短語(yǔ)?！净顚W(xué)活用】1)how_often are the olympic games held?every four years.2)how_soon will your father be back?in five days.3)how_far is i

19、t from your home to school?5 minutes walk.4)how_long have you worked in this company?since three years ago.sometimes，some times，sometime，some time【典例在線】sometimes he goes to the cinema on sunday.星期天他有時(shí)去看電影。he has been to beijing for some times before.他以前去過(guò)北京幾次。we will take our holiday sometime in aug

20、ust.我們將在八月的某個(gè)時(shí)候度假。i spend some time practicing speaking english every day.我每天花一些時(shí)間練習(xí)英語(yǔ)?！就卣咕觥縮ometimesat times為頻率副詞，意為“有時(shí)”，表動(dòng)作發(fā)生的不經(jīng)常性。some times意為“幾次；幾倍”，time此處為可數(shù)名詞，意為“次數(shù)；倍數(shù)”。sometime為副詞，表“在某時(shí)；有朝一日”，指將來(lái)或過(guò)去的一個(gè)不確定時(shí)間。some time指“一段時(shí)間”，time此處為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“時(shí)間”?？谠E：有s是有時(shí)，有時(shí)分開(kāi)好幾次；無(wú)s是某時(shí)，某時(shí)分開(kāi)是一段?！净顚W(xué)活用】5)the forei

21、gn friends will come to our school sometime next week.6)we have known each other for some_time7)usually i come by car，but sometimes i come by train.8)i am sure that we have met some_times before.maybe，may be【典例在線】maybe he is not very healthy.可能他不是很健康。the book may be peters.這本書(shū)也許是彼得的。【拓展精析】maybe是副詞，意

22、為“可能”，常位于句首，相當(dāng)于另一副詞perhaps。may be是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞maybe”構(gòu)成的謂語(yǔ)部分，意為“也許是；可能是”。【活學(xué)活用】9)she _a_ know the answer，but im not sure.(2012，貴港)amaybe bmay be cmay dmustmuch too，too much，too many【典例在線】there are too many cars at this time every day.每天的這個(gè)時(shí)候都有太多的車(chē)輛。i have too much homework to do.我有太多的家庭作業(yè)要做。the food there i

23、s much too terrible.那兒的食物太糟糕了。【拓展精析】much too意思是“太”。much是用來(lái)加強(qiáng)too的，后接形容詞或副詞。too much意思是“太多的”。too是用來(lái)加強(qiáng)much的，后接不可數(shù)名詞。too many后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，同義于too much。【活學(xué)活用】10)there are too_many people on the bus.11)there is too_much water on the floor.12)im afraid that cap is much_too big for me.because，because of【典例在線】h

24、e stopped playing soccer because of his sore back.他因?yàn)楸惩赐Ｖ沽颂咦闱?。the sports meeting is put off because it rained heavily last night.由于昨晚雨下得很大，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)被推遲了?！就卣咕觥縝ecause of是復(fù)合介詞短語(yǔ)，后接名詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)。because回答以why開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，并引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句?！净顚W(xué)活用】13)he had to retire early _d_ poor health.aas a result bbecausecso dbecause of14)t

25、he red suitcase is expensive _c_ its made of leather.(2014，沈陽(yáng))awhen bif cbecause dthough一、根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示完成單詞。1i wonder (想知道) which country alice comes from.2it seems (似乎) that jack is very happy.do you know why?3do you ever (曾經(jīng)) want to go out to exercise?4some students in our class like using the intern

26、et (互聯(lián)網(wǎng)) and playing online games.5a year later my dog died (死亡)im sorry to hear that.二、根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞。6im so tired that i can hardly keep my eyes open.(2013，寧波)7linda had a cold.however，she still went to school yesterday.8it seems to rain.you should take an umbrella with you.9we often work together

27、 as a team in english class.(2014，杭州)10what can i do for you?thank you.i think i can do it by myself三、單項(xiàng)選擇。11excuse me，sir._c_ is it from here to the nearest shopping mall?well，only about five minutes walk.(2014，湖州)ahow often bhow longchow far dhow soon【解析】本題考查特殊疑問(wèn)短語(yǔ)的用法。結(jié)合答語(yǔ)中的“步行大約只有五分鐘的路程”可知，所問(wèn)的是“多

28、遠(yuǎn)”，故選特殊疑問(wèn)短語(yǔ)how far。12jim，if you have _c_ to do，what about helping me in the garden?ok，mum.(2014，東營(yíng))asomething banythingcnothing deverything【解析】something“某物，某些事”；nothing“沒(méi)有事情”；anything“任何事”；everything“每一件事”。句意為“吉姆，如果你沒(méi)事可做，在花園幫助我怎么樣？”。故選c。13try your best _a_ with your parents，and they will understand

29、your decision.(2014，金華)ato talk btalk cto play dplay【解析】try ones best to do sth.意為“盡某人最大努力做某事”，由后文的“understand your decision”可推測(cè)是to talk。14_b_ do you go to the sports club?at least once a week.(2014，蘇州)ahow long bhow oftenchow much dhow far【解析】本題考查特殊疑問(wèn)短語(yǔ)的用法。結(jié)合答語(yǔ)“至少一周一次”可知對(duì)頻率進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，how often意為“多久一次”，符合

30、題意。15_c_ the sun was not yet up，many people were already taking exercise in the square.(2014，安徽)aas bif cthough dbecause【解析】本題考查連詞的辨析。as“因?yàn)椤?；if “如果”；though“盡管”；because“因?yàn)椤?。句意為“盡管太陽(yáng)還沒(méi)出來(lái)，但是很多人都已經(jīng)在廣場(chǎng)上鍛煉了”。故選c。16the meat is _b_ delicious.yes，but dont eat _.(2013，玉林)atoo much；too much bmuch too；too muchc

31、too much；much too dmuch too；much too【解析】考查副詞的用法。too much“太多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；much too“太，非?！?，修飾形容詞或副詞原級(jí)。根據(jù)形容詞delicious可知要用much too來(lái)修飾，意為“非常美味”，第二空根據(jù)句意可知“別吃得太多”。故選b。17i could _b_ control my feelings at the moment.the song brought back so many childhood memories.(2014，連云港)areally bhardly cnearly dclearly【解析】本題

32、考查副詞的詞義理解。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是：really“真正地”；hardly“幾乎不”；nearly“幾乎”；clearly“清晰地”。句意為“我?guī)缀醪荒芸刂莆椰F(xiàn)在的感情。那首歌使我想起許多童年的回憶?！惫蔴ardly符合題意。18he said he would come to see us _a_ the next week.asometime bsome timecsometimes dsome times【解析】考查副詞及相關(guān)詞組的辨析。sometime“(未來(lái)的)某個(gè)時(shí)間”；some time“一段時(shí)間”；sometimes“有時(shí)”；some times“幾次”。根據(jù)句意“他說(shuō)他將在下周的某個(gè)時(shí)間來(lái)看我們”可知應(yīng)選a。 日記的寫(xiě)作一、英文日記與漢語(yǔ)日記的結(jié)構(gòu)相似，主要由兩部分組成，即開(kāi)端