虛擬語氣練習(xí)題及答案解釋

1、虛擬語氣練習(xí)題及答案解釋1.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, _all practical value by the time they were finished. A. could lose B. would have lost C. might lose D. ought to have lost 解析：這個(gè)句子中含有一個(gè)省略if，把助動詞提前到主語they之前的虛擬條件句，該條件句表示對過去情況的假設(shè)，而主句中by the time they were finished 表明主句也應(yīng)該是

2、對過去發(fā)生的情況的假設(shè)，因而應(yīng)該選（B）would have lost為正確答案。2. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be 解析：這道題目是一個(gè)混合虛擬語氣的句子。條件句省略了if，把助詞had提前到主語前面，表示對過去情況的假設(shè)，而主句中now表明了對現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)，所以應(yīng)選would(should, could, might+動詞原形這種表達(dá)形式。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有（

3、D）是正確表達(dá)形式，故為正確答案。3. If you Jerry Brown until recently, youd think the photograph on the right was strange. A. shouldnt contact B. didnt contact C. werent to contact D. hadnt contacted 解析：until recently，因此（D）是正確答案，而主句是隱含的對現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)，該句是一個(gè)混合虛擬條件句。4. the English examination I would have gone to the concer

4、t last Sunday A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 解析：假設(shè)的情況有時(shí)不是用一個(gè)條件句表示，而是隱含在一個(gè)由介詞如but for、but that、without, 由連詞but、副詞otherwise 、比較級、形容詞、獨(dú)立主格等表示的上下文中。本句主句表示對過去情況的假設(shè)，但事實(shí)上由于英語考試而沒有去成，即若不是因?yàn)橛⒄Z考試，我本可以去聽音樂會，所以應(yīng)選（B）But for為正確答案。5. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice

5、A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed 解析：題目中的第一句話表示的是現(xiàn)在真實(shí)的情況，而第二句話中所要表達(dá)的是應(yīng)該做但事實(shí)上沒有做的事，這種情況導(dǎo)致第一句話中真實(shí)情況的發(fā)生，故If only條件句假設(shè)的是過去一種情況，因此應(yīng)該用had +過去分詞，所以正確答案是（C）。6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _a sudden loud noise. A. being there B. should there be

6、 C. there was D. there having been 解析：句意為：“要是有一聲巨響，這些動物會受到驚嚇，這是有現(xiàn)實(shí)可能性的?！眘hould there be表示虛擬條件句中將來時(shí)間的謂語形式, if省略,所以should與there倒裝。因此B. should there be 就是本題答案 。7、When Edison died, it was proposed that the American people all power in their homes, streets, and factories for several minutes in honour of

7、this great man.A. turn offB. turned offC. would turn offD. had turned off解析： propose是欲望動詞,后接的賓語從句或主語從句中謂語要用虛擬語氣：should+動詞原形或直接用動詞原形。選擇（A）. turn off 8、I apologize if I you, but I assure you it was unintentional.A. offendB. had offended C. should have offendedD. might have offended解析：B. had offended 。

8、本題測試交錯時(shí)間的虛擬條件句。was 暗示，事情發(fā)生在過去，所以虛擬條件句中的謂語動詞應(yīng)該用表示過去時(shí)間的虛擬形式。9、The board deemed it urgent that these files right away.A. had to be printedB. should have been printed C. must be printedD. should be printed解析： D. should be printed 。因?yàn)閡rgent是欲望形容詞,在句中作形式賓語it的補(bǔ)足語,所以賓語從句中的謂語需用虛擬語氣:(should+動詞原形(主動態(tài)或被動態(tài)。10、 T

9、he board deemed it urgent that these files right away. A. had to be printed B. should have been printed C. must be printed D. should be printed 解析：it是形式賓語，urgent是賓語補(bǔ)足語，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的賓語從句，該從句的內(nèi)容被認(rèn)為是urgent（急迫的），這樣從句的謂語動詞要求用虛擬語氣形式，即should（可以省略）+動詞原形。因此，本題正確答案是（D）。11、 Jean Wagners most enduring contribut

10、ion to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference. A. is to be analyzed B. has been analyzed C. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed 解析：（C）在表示要求、愿望、建議、請求、命令等含義的名詞同位語從句中，從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣形式，即should(可以省略+動詞原形。12、I would have gone t

11、o visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I _ fully occupied the whole of last week. A. were B. had been C. have been D. was 解析：（D）本道題目的前半句話是對過去情況的一種假設(shè)，但事實(shí)上并沒有發(fā)生，而事實(shí)上沒有發(fā)生的真實(shí)原因是句子的后半部分由but引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折句所表述的真實(shí)。因而but所引導(dǎo)的句子中應(yīng)該用表示志過去事實(shí)相符合的表陳述的時(shí)態(tài)，即一般過去時(shí)。13. I apologize if I you, but I assure yo

12、u it was unintentional. A. offend B. had offended C. should have offended D. might have offended 解析：（B）此題要求在if從句中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~形式，以主句中的動詞apologize(抱歉來看，if從句中表達(dá)的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是過去做的事，因此可以排除（A），因?yàn)椋ˋ）是現(xiàn)在時(shí)。（C）中should+have+過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)表示本來應(yīng)該做卻沒有做的事，在此不合題意。（D）選項(xiàng)中的might+have+過去分詞表示對過去發(fā)生的事情很不肯定的猜測，它表達(dá)的內(nèi)容還不能成為事實(shí)，所以藉此道歉真是不知從何說起，因此此處

13、也不合題意。（B）had offended表示當(dāng)時(shí)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的動作。這是復(fù)雜條件句：apologize 是現(xiàn)在，而條件句是表示對過去假設(shè)的條件句。14. If you hadnt taken such a long time to get dressed, wed there by now. A. be B. circles C. is circling D. be circling 解析：該句也是一個(gè)復(fù)雜條件句（或稱作混合虛擬條件句）。條件句表示對過去情況的假設(shè)，而主句表示對現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)，但事實(shí)上卻與此相反，所以正確答案應(yīng)該是（A）。15. The sun rises in the eas

14、t and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _round the earth. A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D. be circling 解析：if引導(dǎo)的從句要求用虛擬語氣，表示同時(shí)或?qū)淼那闆r，動詞要用過去式（be動詞用were）或would(could等+動詞原形，本句話中指的是當(dāng)時(shí)的情況，所以要用過去式，故（A）是正確答案。16. If the Watergate Incident Nixon would not have resigned from the presiden

15、cy. A. did not occur B. had not occurred C. was not occurring D. be circling 解析：（B）had not occurred表示對過去的虛擬，條件句中要用過去完成式，主句中要用should(would, could, might+動詞原形的過去分詞。17. I hadnt expected James to apologize but I had hoped . A. him calling me B. that he would call me C. him to call me D. that he call me

16、解析：（B）had hoped是常見的要求其后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣的句型,虛擬語氣would+動詞原形。18. George would certainly have attended the proceedings . A. if he didnt get a flat tire B. if the flat tire hadnt happened C. had he not had a flat tire D. had the tire not flattened itself 解析：表示對過去情況的假設(shè)，主句動詞形式為would(should, could, might+have+過去分

17、詞，條件句為過去完成式，if可以省略，但要把had提前主語前面。（B），（D）的表達(dá)不符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣，所以（C）是正確答案。19. The teacher suggested that her students experiences with ESP. A. write a composition on their B. to write composition about the C. wrote some compositions of his or her D. had written any compositions for his 解析：（A）suggest后面的從句要用虛擬語氣

18、形式，其形式為should（可以省略）+動詞原形。20. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _a Chinese. A. were B. had been C. is D. has been 解析：（A）表示與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬。21. As usual, he put on a show as though his trip a great success. A. had been B. has been C. were D. was 解析：Aas though引導(dǎo)的與過去相反的虛擬。22. Looking round the town, he fel

19、t as though he away for ages. A. has been B. was C. is D. had been 解析：Dfelt是過去式，所以該句是由as though引導(dǎo)的與過去相反的虛擬。23. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he as elephant. A. lifts B. is lifting C. lifted D. could lift 解析：Das if引導(dǎo)的與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬。24. He described the town as if he it himself. A. had see

20、n B. has seen C. saw D. sees 解析：Aas if引導(dǎo)的與過去相反的虛擬。25. Most insurance agents would rather you anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation. A. do B. dont C. didnt D. didnt do 解析：（D）would rather后接從句要求用虛擬語氣，形式為過去式，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼募僭O(shè)，或?yàn)檫^去完成式表示對過去的情況的假設(shè)。26. Although most adopted persons

21、 want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they the experience of meeting. A. hadnt B. didnt have had C. hadnt had D. hadnt have 解析：（C）who引導(dǎo)的定語從句中的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動作業(yè)已發(fā)生，所以主句中表示的虛擬是針對已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的行為，所以應(yīng)該用過去完成式表示對過去的虛擬。27. Without electronic computers, much of todays ad

22、vanced technology . A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved 解析：（C）這是一人含蓄虛擬條件句，通過介詞短語without,表示潛在的一種假設(shè)，而主句中的情況也早已經(jīng)發(fā)生，所以是對過去情況的一種假設(shè)，因此用would not have been achieved這一形式。28. He told her to return the book in time so that others a

23、chance to read it . A. may have B. will have C. would have D. might have 解析：（D）連so that引導(dǎo)的從句中要求用虛擬語氣，表示一種假設(shè)，形式為might+動詞原形。29. It is time that the government measures to protect the rare birds and animals. A. takes B. took C. has taken D. taking 解析：（B）It is time that是一種要求從句用虛擬語氣的常見句型。虛擬語氣形式為動詞的過去式。30

24、. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 解析：（C）otherwise用來表示一種含蓄的虛擬假設(shè)，因?yàn)槭菍^去(yesterday的情況的假設(shè)，所以應(yīng)該用would have come形式。31. I must say he reads very well, and I shouldnt be surprised if he acting for a living one day. A. had taken up

25、 B. takes up C. have taken up D. would have taken up 解析：（B）所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中沒有一個(gè)表示對未來的情況的虛擬的形式should+動詞原形，或是were to do，因此可以斷定if引導(dǎo)的條件句在這里最真實(shí)的條件句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)，故（B）是正確答案。32. If I had seen the movie, I you all about it now. A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told 解析：（A）這是一個(gè)混合虛擬語氣的句子，if條件句表示的是

26、對過去情況的假設(shè)，而主句是對現(xiàn)在（now）的情況的假設(shè)，故用would tell形式。33. Id rather you anything about it for the time being. A. do B. didnt do C. dont D. didnt 解析：Bwould rather引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣其謂語用過去式。34. Mary my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now. A. has received B. ought to have received C. couldnt have received D.

27、shouldnt have received 解析：C注意單詞otherwise引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣。35. We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we _ him. ( 1995年6月四級第46題A would have telephoned B must have telephoned C would telephone D had telephoned 解析：本題是與過去時(shí)相反的虛擬句，從句中用過去完成式，主句中用would have done。本句相當(dāng)于if we had known his telephone number，we woul

28、d have telephoned him。答案是（A） would have telephoned。36. Jean doesnt want to work right away because she thinks that if she _ a job she probably wouldnt be able to see her friends very often.(1996年1月四級第44題A. has to get B. had got C. were to get D. could have got解析：本句的意思是：“瓊不想馬上就工作，她認(rèn)為要是找了工作，就不能經(jīng)常探訪她的朋

29、友了”。這說明，瓊目前沒有工作。句中假設(shè)的情況在近期內(nèi)并不會存在。該條件句應(yīng)當(dāng)用表示將來情況的虛擬語氣。條件從句的謂語用should或were to引出。因此C. were to get 是本題答案。選項(xiàng)A. has to get是陳述語氣的現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不能用于虛擬條件句中。選項(xiàng)B. had got是虛擬語氣的過去時(shí)，不能表示將來時(shí)間。選項(xiàng)D. could have got不能用于虛擬語氣的條件從句中。37. Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I _ your advice.(1993年6月四級第70題A. follow B. had

30、followed C. would follow D. have followed解析：if only 引出感嘆句，意思是“要是多好”，表示說話人的一種愿望，希望發(fā)生（事實(shí)上不可能發(fā)生）與過去事實(shí)相反的情況。本句的全句意思是：“看我現(xiàn)在的處境多糟糕！要是我聽從你的勸告多好”。事實(shí)上，句中的“我”沒有聽從勸告，所以處境很糟糕。題中空格處應(yīng)當(dāng)用虛擬語氣，答案是B。38 .That tree looked as if it _ for a long time.a.hasnt watered b.had not been watered c.didnt water d.wasnt watered 解析

31、：本題測試as if 從句的虛擬語氣。一般來說，as if 從句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容完全與實(shí)際情況相反或純粹是一種假設(shè)時(shí)，通常使用虛擬語氣。39. Id rather you _ anything about it for the time being.a. dont do b.did c.didnt do d.would do解析：would rather 表示愿望，后接從句用虛擬語氣，用過去時(shí)。40. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _ your advicea.follow b.would follow c.had follow

32、ed d.have followed解析：本題測試if only 引起的感嘆句的虛擬語氣。if only 引起的感嘆句，相當(dāng)于“how I wish +賓語從句”。其謂語動詞形式與wish后的賓語從句形式相同。41. We are all for your proposal that discussion _.(1998年6月四級第68題a. be put off b. was put off c. should put off d. is to put off解析：全句意思是：我們都贊成你的建議，把討論推遲。答案是A。虛擬語氣在定語從句中的應(yīng)用在Its (high time 之后的定語從句中

33、需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式。42. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time _ ?(1995年6月四級第43題A. we are going home B. if she leaves C. we went home D. if she had left解析：“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)十六點(diǎn)鐘了，難道你不認(rèn)為該回家了嗎？”句中的“its about time ”引起虛擬。因此答案是C。43. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _ himself.(1998年1月四級

34、第38題a. injureb. injured c. had injured. would injure解析：“這個(gè)瘋子被關(guān)進(jìn)墻上裝有襯墊的病房，以免傷了他自己。”在lest 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，謂語動詞多用虛擬語氣，(should + 動詞原形。答案是a。44. Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though out of the office.A. wentB. goneC. to goD. would go解析：答案為：C. to go 。 as though或as if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中,從句主語和主句主語相同時(shí)

35、,從句中可省略主語和部分謂語,如：1 She paused, as if to let the painful memories pass. (省略she wanted2 From time to time Jason turned round as though searching for someone. (省略he were3 The boy started, as if awakened from some dream. (省略he were由此可見,本題中省略she wanted。45. Id rather you by train, because I cant bear the

36、idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.A. would goB. should goC. wentD. had gone解析：“我寧愿你乘火車去，因?yàn)槲覠o法想像在如此惡劣的天氣你呆在飛機(jī)里。”主語+would rather后接賓語從句,從句中謂語須用虛擬語氣：用一般過去時(shí)表示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)韺?shí)現(xiàn)的行為或狀態(tài),用過去完成時(shí)表示希望過去實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為或狀態(tài)。本題中原因狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),暗示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)戆l(fā)生的行為動作,故選答案為 C. went。46. for the timely investment from the gene

37、ral public,our company would not be so thriving as it is.A. Had it not beenB. Were it notC. Be it notD. Should it not be解析：“要不是老百姓的及時(shí)投資，我們的公司不會像現(xiàn)在這樣興旺?！北绢}測試交錯時(shí)間的虛擬語氣。從句是表示過去時(shí)間的虛擬條件，if省略，主語it與助動詞had倒裝。虛擬條件句也可寫成這樣：If it had nor been for the timely investment from the general public。這是重點(diǎn)句型，在各類測試中?？肌４鸢福?/p>

38、 A. Had it not been47. A safety analysis the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.A. would identify B. will identify C. would have identifiedD. will have identified解析：“一次安全隱患分析本來會確認(rèn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)是潛在的危險(xiǎn)。不幸的是，這樣的分析從未做過?！边@是對過去時(shí)間的虛擬，表示過去要做而沒有做的事。因而答案選 C. would have identified48. In the p

39、ast men generally preferred that their wives in the home.A. workedB. would workC. workD. were working解析：“過去男子一般都愿意他們的妻子在家里工作?！币?yàn)閜refer(寧愿是欲望動詞,其后所接的賓語從句中謂語需用(should+動詞原形。 答案：C. work49. Had he worked harder, he _ the exams.A. must have got through B. would have got through C. would get through D. cou

40、ld get through解析：本題前半句是表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件從句，后半句是表示與過去事實(shí)相反的主句。相當(dāng)于：If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams.本題的答案是B. would have got through。選項(xiàng)A. must have got through（肯定通過）表示一種對過去事情的主觀推測，不是與過去事情相反的情況。另外，must不能用在虛擬條件句中。選項(xiàng)C. would get through（就會通過）是虛擬語氣現(xiàn)在時(shí)的一種表示方法，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。選項(xiàng)D. could get

41、 through（可能通過），could也可以用于非真實(shí)條件句里，表示與事實(shí)相反的情況，但這里，它只表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)或?qū)砜赡艿氖聦?shí)相反。50. Id rather you _by train, because I cant bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.A. would goB. should goC. wentD. had gone解析：主語+would rather后接賓語從句,從句中謂語須用虛擬語氣：用一般過去時(shí)表示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)韺?shí)現(xiàn)的行為或狀態(tài),用過去完成時(shí)表示希望過去實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為或狀態(tài)。本題

42、中原因狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),暗示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)戆l(fā)生的行為動作,故選C. went。虛擬語氣精選練習(xí)1. The boy acted _ he had never lived in Canada before. A. as though B. even if C. as D. since 2. _ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive. A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone 3. If you were older, I _ you t

43、o go there yesterday. A. will allow B. should allow C. would have allowed D. had allowed 4. The secretary suggested that they _ the men in at once. A. had brought B. should have brought C. brought D. bring 5. I wish I _ able to tell him all about it last night. A. was B. were C. had been D. should b

44、e 6. If we _ here ten minutes earlier, we _ the bus. A. arrived/would catch B. arrived/would have caught C. had arrived/had caught D. had arrived/would have caught 7. If I _ more time, I would have gone with him. A. had B. had had C. have had D. would have 8. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he

45、 _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 9. The Jade Emperor ordered that the Monkey King _ right away. A. would be arrested B. must be arrested C. be arrested D. had to be arrested 10. Janes uncle insisted _ in this hotel any longer. A. not staying B. not to stay C. t

46、hat he not stay D. staying not 11. Dont touch the sleeping tiger. If he woke up, he _ you. A. would come to B. would come at C. would have come toward D. will come to 12. Without electricity human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 13. How I wish I _ to rea

47、pair the watch! I only made it worse. A. had tried B. hadnt tried C. have tried D. didnt try 14. He demanded that the laboratory report _ immediately after the experiment was done. A. was written B. be written C. must be written D. would be written 15. The man insisted that he _ there. A. should sen

48、d B. would be sent C. sent D. be sent 16. If he had not gone out in the storm _. A.he will be alive now B. he would be alive now C. he would have been alive now 17. If it _ tomorrow, what would we do? A. rains B. were to rain C. would rain D. rain 18. It is required that you _ at six. A. will arrive

49、 B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive 19. If only I _ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. A. had known B. would know C. should know D. knew 20. He spoke in a quiet, distinct voice, as though his thought _. A. was far away B. had been far away C. were far away D. went far away. 21. If it

50、 _ rain, we _ get wet. A. is to, should B. were to, would C. were going to, would D. was going to, should 22. If he _ to the teacher attentively, he _ the answer to the problem now. A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know 23

51、. But for the party, he _ of hunger 30 years ago. A. would have died B. would die C. must have died D. must die 24. _ today, he would got there for holiday. A. Was he leaving B. Were he to leave C. Would he leave D. If he leaves 25. I would have come earlier, but I _ that you were waiting for me. A.

52、 didnt know B. hadnt know C. would have known D. havent known 26. Its high time that we _ to school. A. would to B. went C. go D. will go 27. It seems as if it _ rain. A. will B. is going to C. is to D. were going to 28. Id rather you _ right away. A. leave B. left C. will leave D. to leave 29. He i

53、s working hard for fear that he _. A. fails B. failed C. would fail D. fail 30. It is really strange that the girl _ so early. A. has been married B. has married C. be married D. would marry 31. Supposing I _ this gift, what would he say? A. accept B. accepted C. should accept D. would accept 32. Th

54、e teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given 33. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I _ your birthday party. A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended 34. He insisted that he _ me

55、before. A. see B. should see C. had seen D. saw 35. The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years. A. were B. would be C. have been D. had been 36. We _ our lives had it not been for the policeman. A. would have lost B. should lose C. might lose D. could have lost 37. - I thought you would

56、 come back tomorrow. - I would if I _ to attend a meeting. A. dont have B. didnt have C. will not have D. would not have 38. He wishes _ mistakes. A. he doesnt always make B. he isnt always making C. he didnt always make D. he wouldnt always making 39. It _ very nice if only it were possible. A. wil

57、l be B. would be C. is D. were 40. Without your help, our team _ the last match. A. wont win B. will lose C. wouldnt have won D. cant win 41. I wish _ I what to do. A. knew B. have known C. know D. would know 42. _, I would take an umbrella with me. A. Had I been you B. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you 43. If I had hurried, I _ the train. A. would catch B. could catch C. would have caught D. had