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1、專四語法專四語法專四題型、時間、分值比例專四題型、時間、分值比例題型時間數(shù)量分數(shù)Part I Dictation15min115Part IIConversations20min3015PassagesNewsPart III Close15min2010Part Grammar & Vocabulary15min3015Part Reading Comprehension25min2020Part Composition35 min115Note10 min110語法題目特點、比重1. 51-65題 2. 用時7.5分鐘 3. 易-難 語法命題新趨勢 難度大幅度降低,基本上不再有偏題
2、、怪題。 對語法辨認(語法術(shù)語)的考查加強。 近三年語法題目統(tǒng)計201020112012基本術(shù)語1.62.632.64.651.62.64.虛擬語氣606154.狀語從句54.55非謂語動詞65反義疑問句5754名詞性從句51.63情態(tài)動詞5255.60My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man_ he was fifteen years ago. 2011/51A. which B. who
3、m C. who D. thatFacing the board of directors, he didnt deny _breaking the agreement. 2013/51A. him B. it C. his D. itsMy boss ordered that the legal documents _ to him before lunch 2012/54Abe sent Bwere sent Cwere to be sent Dmust be sent Which of the following is a compound word (復合詞復合詞)? 2013/53.
4、 A. NonsmokerB. Deadline?C. MeannessD. MisfitWhich of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? 2013/54A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 oclock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro. C. Walk straight ahead, and dont turn till the second traffic lights.
5、D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主語從主語從句句)? 2011/60A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen
6、the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days. Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代詞反身代詞)is used as an appositive(同位語同位語)? 2012/53 A,He promised himself rapid progress BThe manager herself will interview Mary CI have nothing to say for mysel
7、f DThey quarreled themselves red in the face語法的核心語法的核心1. 語法意識2. 語法分析3. 語法技巧Even an end which it would be noble to pursue if it were attained may be pursued unwisely if it is inherently impossible of achievement.語法策略 1. 扎實掌握基本語法術(shù)語2. 熟悉專四語法基本考點3. 做真題、多思考、找規(guī)律語法學習要求 真題(2004-2013) 1.1 上外出版 1.2 以2009-2013
8、真題為主 1.3 效果:會背、會解釋2. 單項練習 英語專業(yè)四級語法新思維30天速成勝經(jīng)3. 合理安排時間語法辨認一、詞性 術(shù)語 功能Which of the following determiners(限定詞限定詞)can be placed before both singular count nouns and plural count nouns?2012、52 Amany a Bfew C the next DsuchWhich of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代詞反身代詞)is used as an appositive(同位語同位語)?
9、 2012/53 A,He promised himself rapid progress BThe manager herself will interview Mary CI have nothing to say for myself DThey quarreled themselves red in the face二、成分 術(shù)語:主、謂、賓、狀、補、定、同位語等 功能 做題技巧:弄清術(shù)語分析結(jié)構(gòu)比較選項In the sentence “Its no use waiting for her”, the italicized phrase is 2010/61 the object B.
10、 an adverbial A. C. a complement D. the subjectWhich of the following sentences has an object complement? 2010/63A.The directors appointed John manager. B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English. Which of the following italicized parts is
11、used as an object? 2011/58A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come?Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an adverbial?2012、62 ADespite of the
12、rain, everyone enjoyed the trip. BThe man with a beard is talking to the manager. CEvery precaution was taken against the failure of the plan DAre you sure of Simons disappearance? Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代詞反身代詞)is used as an appositive(同位語同位語)? 2012/53 A,He promised himself rapi
13、d progress BThe manager herself will interview Mary CI have nothing to say for myself DThey quarreled themselves red in the face2011;652012;57、58、59. 64三、功能三、功能1、語氣功能、語氣功能2、語法功能、語法功能Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND? 2011、52A. Beg your pardon.B. Have a good time.C. Never do that again!D.
14、 What noise you are making!The sentence that expresses OFFER is 2011.64 A. Ill get some drinks. Whatll you have?B. Does she need to book a ticket now?C. May I know your name?D. Can you return the book next week?Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose? 2011、53A. She said it for fu
15、n, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didnt win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the ING participle is used 2011、55A. as a command.B. as a condition.C
16、. for concession.D. for emphasis.2010.51 2011. 64 2012.55四、 句子類型、語法關系Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主語從句主語從句)? 2011.60A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen
17、 the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause? 2012.61 AI got a job as soon as I left university BAs there was no answer, I wrote again CYou must do the exercises as I show you DWealthy as
18、 he is,Mark is not a happy man非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 一、形式:動詞不定式; 現(xiàn)在分詞; 過去分詞; 動名詞 二、功能:一個句子當中,已經(jīng)存在謂語動詞,又沒有連詞 的情況下,需要非謂語動詞來修飾句子的其他成分。 三、三、命題特點: 1. 非謂語動詞的否定式;2. 動詞不定式的各種形式及應用;3. -ing結(jié)構(gòu)、-ed結(jié)構(gòu)的語法功能;(P136) 4.非謂語動詞的固定結(jié)構(gòu)或習慣用法等。四、解題思路:四、解題思路: 一、首先抓住主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 確定主句 、沒有連接詞、 只有一個主語二、分析主動被動 分析語態(tài)就是在確定主語之后,分析非謂語動 詞和主語在搭配使用時是主動還是被動關
19、系。三、分析動作先后 要考慮動作發(fā)生的時間先后,即時態(tài)。If not _ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.04.55A. being treated B. treatedC. be treated D. having been treated(04.76) All flights _ because of the snowstorm, we had to take the train. A. having canceled B. had bee
20、n canceled C. were canceled D. having been canceled (05.61) Whats the chance of _ a general election this year? there being B. there to be A.C. there be D. there going to be (02.56) AIDS is said _the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region. A. being B. to be C.
21、to have been D. having been獨立主格獨立主格 1.Agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, wheat _ by far the biggest cereal crop.a. is b. been c. be d. being 2. Time _, the celebration will be held as scheduled.a. permit b. permitting c. permitted d. permits 3. There _ nothing more for discussion, t
22、he meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.a. to be b. to have been c. being d. be 4._ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom. There was b. Since a.c. Being d. There being 5.The countrys chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars _the most important of these. have been
23、 b. are a.c. being d. are being as的用法的用法as可以作連詞、介詞及關系代詞和副詞。1. as作連詞作“在期間,當?shù)臅r候”引導時間狀語從句 eg: As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful . As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything. 一、連詞2. As =Since 作“既然”、“由于”解,引導原因狀語從句, 常用來表示已為人們所知或顯而易見的原因或理由。eg: As hes be
24、en ill for ages, I will help him. As / Since youre not feeling well, you may stay at home. As he wasnt ready , we went without him3、 As =in the way that“像”、“按照的方式”, 引導方式狀語從句。eg: Do as I told you. Remember, you must do everything as I do. 4、 用于asas或not / so/ asas中, 前一個as是副詞, 后一個as是連詞, 引導比較狀語從句。(book3
25、,unit7)eg: They helped the old as much as possible. I dont speak English so/ as well as she does. 5、 表示雖然,盡管 等, 引導讓步狀語從句, 常用倒裝語序, 模式為: adj. /adv. / n.+as +主語主語+謂語謂語+主句。主句。eg: Young as he is, he knows much. Tired as they were, they walked on. Girl as she was,she was very brave. 1. 表示好像。如:He dressed a
26、s a policeman. 2. 表示作為當作。 eg:I found a job as a guide. 3. 當某人是某身份時。 eg:As a child , she was sent to abroad. 二、as作介詞的用法.4. as引導的介詞短語大多用作狀語, as譯為作為; 少數(shù)情況可引起賓語補足語。 eg: As a Party member, Ill take the lead in everything. (狀語) She works as a model. (狀語) She has me as one of her best friends.(賓語補足語) 1.引導非
27、限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句,表示正如表示正如,這一點,位置靈活這一點,位置靈活 . eg: He is very careful, as we all know. As is well-known, Taiwan belongs to China. As是關系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語;例2中,它充當從句的主語,謂語動詞know要用被動式。 三、as作關系代詞2. 當先行詞被the same, such等詞修飾時,常用as來引導定語從句。eg: Such a clever girl as she can learn anything quickly. I was reading t
28、he same book as he bought yesterday. 1. 表示與等同。 eg :This dress is twice as expensive as that one. 2 .像,如等。 eg:As before, he remained unmoved. Such animals as foxes and squirrels have bushy tails. 四、作副詞的用法such as與as such的區(qū)別as such的用法(1) 表示“按照某詞通用的詞義”“根據(jù)某詞嚴格的詞義”。eg: Its not an agreement as such, but it
29、 will have virtually the same effect as one. 就協(xié)議的詞義而言,它算不上是協(xié)定,但實際上起到了協(xié)定的作用。 I cant call my book a best seller as such but its very popular. 我不敢說我的書是暢銷書,但可以說很受歡迎。 (2) 表示“就本身而論”。eg:Money as such will seldom bring happiness. 金錢本身很少帶來幸福。 Money, as such, does not bring happiness. 金錢本身并不給人帶來快樂。 (3) 表示“以某種
30、身份(或資格)”“像所指的人(或事物)那樣”。 eg: She is a kind woman and is known as such. 她是位好心腸的女人,這是大家知道的。 He is the author of the article, but he does not desire to be known as such. 他是文章的作者,但他不想讓人知道他是作者。than的用法than可以作介詞、連詞一、than作介詞:用于名詞、代詞前表比較二、than作連詞Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _ Eastern Neb
31、raska. (1996) in B. it receives in A.C. does D. it does inThe indoor swimming pool seems to be a great more luxurious than _. (1998) is necessary being necessary to be necessary A.D. it is necessaryThere ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than _ in the public mind today. (1999) exists B. exist A.C. existing D. to existThe experiment requires more money than _. (2002)A. have been put in B. being put in C. has been put in
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