高考主謂一致的測試熱點ppt課件

1、4 4假設主語是由假設主語是由andand銜接的兩個單數(shù)名詞，但前面有銜接的兩個單數(shù)名詞，但前面有each, every, each, every, no no 等詞修飾時，謂語用單數(shù)。例如：等詞修飾時，謂語用單數(shù)。例如： Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write.and write. 主謂一致是指句中的主語和謂語的一致。我們普通服從三個原那么：The trouble with such resources a

2、s coal, oil and gas _ that they are not renewable.A. has been B. are C. have been D. isthe trouble / problem with .意為意為“由由帶來的問帶來的問題；題；存在的問題。題中：存在的問題。題中：the trouble為主語部分的為主語部分的中心詞。中心詞。 再如：再如：【例【例1】【解題要點精析】【解題要點精析】D Tom as well as two of his classmates _ invited to the party.A. was B. were C. have bee

3、n D. had beenAWhat the remote areas need _ education to children and what the children need _ good textbooks at the moment. 2019山東棗莊山東棗莊3月交流卷月交流卷A. is; are B. are; isC. was; were D. were; was【例【例2】【解題要點精析】【解題要點精析】解答該題關(guān)鍵是要留意由特殊疑問詞解答該題關(guān)鍵是要留意由特殊疑問詞what引導的主語從句作主語時引導的主語從句作主語時的主謂一致關(guān)系。的主謂一致關(guān)系。普通情況下，普通情況下，w

4、hat引導主語從句，常表示單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用單引導主語從句，常表示單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用單數(shù)方式，但當它所指的詳細內(nèi)容是復數(shù)意義時，謂語動詞要用復數(shù)數(shù)方式，但當它所指的詳細內(nèi)容是復數(shù)意義時，謂語動詞要用復數(shù)方式。該題強調(diào)如今，用普通如今時態(tài)。方式。該題強調(diào)如今，用普通如今時態(tài)。 A Mike, what did our monitor say just now? Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who _ to visit the museum _ asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 i

5、n the morning. 07南京一中卷南京一中卷A. is; isB. are; areC. is; areD. are; isD解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要了解題干構(gòu)造，把握以解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要了解題干構(gòu)造，把握以every, no, each 等限定等限定的并由的并由and銜接的兩個并列名詞用作主語時的主謂一致以及定語從銜接的兩個并列名詞用作主語時的主謂一致以及定語從句中的主謂一致。句中的主謂一致?！窘忸}要點精析】【解題要點精析】該題為一個帶有定語從句的復合句，句中作定語的關(guān)系代詞該題為一個帶有定語從句的復合句，句中作定語的關(guān)系代詞who指指代先行詞代先行詞teachers，為復數(shù)，故謂語動詞

6、該用，為復數(shù)，故謂語動詞該用are；as well as銜接兩銜接兩個主語時，謂語動詞要根據(jù)前一個主語決議；由個主語時，謂語動詞要根據(jù)前一個主語決議；由 every, no, each 等等限定的并由限定的并由and銜接的兩個并列名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)銜接的兩個并列名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)方式。方式?！纠纠?】Every desk and every chair_made of wood. Many a boy and girl _made the same mistake.(has/have)ishas every each no many a+名詞單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)and+eve

7、ryeachno many a+名詞單數(shù)作主語名詞單數(shù)作主語 時謂語用單數(shù)時謂語用單數(shù)No man and no woman _staying out in winter.(like/likes)likes再如：再如：The dead soon forgotten.The rich not always happy.Generally speaking the young eager for success.1the+adj. 表示一類人 或物做主語時,謂語常用復數(shù)。如blind,deaf, living,dead,wounded,poor,richold, young等areareareTh

8、e beautiful _not the same as the good.isthe+例如例如2) 2) 單、復數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時，按意義一致的單、復數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時，按意義一致的原那么。作單數(shù)意義時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，反之謂原那么。作單數(shù)意義時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，反之謂語動詞用復數(shù)。這類名詞有：語動詞用復數(shù)。這類名詞有：sheep, fish, deer, sheep, fish, deer, means(means(方法方法), species(), species(種類種類),works(),works(工廠工廠), ), Chinese, JapaneseChinese, Japa

9、nese等。等。選擇填空選擇填空 has/haveEvery means_been tried out without much result.All means_been tried out without much result.was/wereThis shoe works_set up in 1980. Those shoe works_all set up in 1980. hashavewaswereAll/most/some/part of the water _gone.Most of my classmates _hard.A part of the story _not t

10、rue according to the witness.iswork3)3)由由all, most, half, rest, part, someall, most, half, rest, part, some等等修飾的名詞是單數(shù)時修飾的名詞是單數(shù)時,V,V謂用單數(shù)；修飾的名詞謂用單數(shù)；修飾的名詞是復數(shù)時，謂用復數(shù)。是復數(shù)時，謂用復數(shù)。isOver 30% of the students _ absent from the meeting.Over three qurters of the city _ destroyed in the war.werewas4)4)分數(shù)百分數(shù)分數(shù)百分數(shù)o

11、f +n. of +n. 時，修飾的名詞是單時，修飾的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時,V,V謂用單數(shù)；修飾的名詞是謂用單數(shù)；修飾的名詞是復數(shù)時，謂用復數(shù)。復數(shù)時，謂用復數(shù)。isThis kind of apples _sweet.These kinds of apples _sweet.isare5) 5) 主語前有表主語前有表“單位，度量單位，度量的短語，如的短語，如a a kind/ sort/ type/ form/ pair/ kind/ sort/ type/ form/ pair/ piece/boxof,piece/boxof,由度量的單復數(shù)決議謂語的單復由度量的單復數(shù)

12、決議謂語的單復數(shù)數(shù)Apples of this kind_sweet.areThis kind of books is useful. = Books of this kind are useful. He is who_given a prize. He is who_given a prize.one of the boysthe only one of the boyswerewas6)6)關(guān)系代詞作主語，定語從句謂語動詞的方關(guān)系代詞作主語，定語從句謂語動詞的方式取決于其先行詞的單復數(shù)。式取決于其先行詞的單復數(shù)。1)1)由由 many a many a 或或 more than one+

13、 more than one+ 單數(shù)名單數(shù)名詞作主語時，其謂語用單數(shù)方式。詞作主語時，其謂語用單數(shù)方式。 has beenlikes 2) each neither either+of + the+復數(shù)名詞或代詞復數(shù)名詞或代詞Each of us_a dictionary.Either of the books on the table_to me.(belong/belongs)Neither of them _ fit for the job.當當eacheach放在主語后作同位語時，不決議謂語單復數(shù)放在主語后作同位語時，不決議謂語單復數(shù)hasbelongsis=They each hav

14、e a dictionary.Each of them has a dictionary.In our class_given an English name by the teacher.we each was B. each of us hasC. each we have D. we were eachDPractice makes perfect A number of students_gone for an outing. The number of students_increasing year after year. A. have; has B. is; have C. h

15、as; have D. have; is2. Each student _got an English-Chinese dictionary. The students each_a dictionary. A. have; has B. has; have C. have; have D. has; has3. There_a pen, an ink-bottle, and some books on it. There_some bowls, plates and a spoon on it. A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is; isDBA6.

16、 Only 10% of the students in the class_League members. About 40% of Jims income_to the rent. A. are; goes B. are; go C. is; goes D. is; go5.The policeman_standing at the street corner. The police _searching for him. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; isAC4. My blue trousers_worn out. One pair

17、of trousers _not enough. A. is; are B. are; are C. is; is D. are; isD7. Between the two rows of trees_the teaching building. A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are standingB8. The wounded _ by the hospital. A.have been taken inB.has been taken in C.have taken in D.has taken inA9. After saying good-by

18、e, the couple moved off and _ in the crowd. A. was lost B. were lost C. had lost D. lostB10. The salesman told me that a good set of tires _ guaranteed to run at least fifty thousand miles. A. was B. were C. had been D. will beA_you or he to drive?_she or you there?AreWas Practice makes perfect. The

19、re _little change in that middle school. A. have B. had C. have been D. has been3.Its not you but Mr. Anderson who_to answer _the incident. A. are;for B. were; to C. is; for D. was; back2. _neither you nor your brother interested in swimming? A. Are B. Is C. Do D. DoesDCA Such _ what he told me. Suc

20、h _ his words. The following _ his advice on learning English. The following _some tips to learn English. waswere is are1由由 many a 或或 more than one+ 單數(shù)名詞作主語時，其謂語用單數(shù)名詞作主語時，其謂語用單數(shù)方式。單數(shù)方式。 Many a foreigner has been to the Great Wall. More than one student has visited the exhibition. 2“的幾分之幾的幾分之幾和和“的百分之

21、幾的百分之幾 作主語時，其謂語作主語時，其謂語用單數(shù)或復數(shù)取決于用單數(shù)或復數(shù)取決于 of 后的名詞。后的名詞。 Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 40 percent of the students in our class are girls. 3“a number of + 名詞復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)作主語，謂語用復數(shù)；作主語，謂語用復數(shù)； “ the number of + 名詞復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。 A number of pupils like reading picture-books. The

22、number of the students in our class is 55. 4并列主語假設指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，謂語動詞用并列主語假設指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，這時單數(shù)，這時 and 后面的名詞前沒有冠詞。后面的名詞前沒有冠詞。 The secretary of the Party branch and director of that factory often works with the workers. 5成對的名詞成對的名詞,如如bread and butter涂黃油的面包涂黃油的面包,soda and water汽水汽水,coffee an

23、d milk加牛奶的咖啡加牛奶的咖啡,aim and end目的，目的，salt and water鹽開水鹽開水,a needle and thread, a horse and cart, a watch and chain, a coat and tie, truth and honesty, medical help and cure等等,雖然有雖然有and銜接銜接,但仍表單一概念但仍表單一概念,作主語時作主語時,謂語用單數(shù)。謂語用單數(shù)。 A knife and fork is on the table. 6由由 and 銜接的并列單數(shù)主語的前面分別有銜接的并列單數(shù)主語的前面分別有eac

24、h, every或或no修修飾時，其謂語用單數(shù)方式。飾時，其謂語用單數(shù)方式。 No student and no teacher is invited to the party. In our country every boy and every girl has right to receive education. 7主語是單數(shù)，其后跟有主語是單數(shù)，其后跟有together with, along with (與與一道一道)，as well as (和；也和；也)，no less than (和和一樣一樣)，rather than (而而不不)，以及，以及with, not, like,

25、 but, except, besides, including 等引起等引起的短語時，謂語動詞普通用單數(shù)方式。的短語時，謂語動詞普通用單數(shù)方式。 He as well as his sister is a League member. 8在定語從句中主語是關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中主語是關(guān)系代詞who, that, which,謂語動詞的數(shù)謂語動詞的數(shù)應與先行詞的數(shù)一致。應與先行詞的數(shù)一致。 I, who am your teacher, will teach you everything I know. 9主語是一些只需復數(shù)方式的名詞，如主語是一些只需復數(shù)方式的名詞，如clothes, trou

26、sers, glasses, compasses, scissors, shoes, socks, gloves等時，謂等時，謂語用復數(shù)。但這類表示成雙的東西的名詞前有語用復數(shù)。但這類表示成雙的東西的名詞前有a pair of修飾時，謂修飾時，謂語用單數(shù)。語用單數(shù)。 My trousers are being washed now. There is a pair of shoes in the box. 10表示度量、價錢、時間的復數(shù)名詞詞組作主語時普通被看作一表示度量、價錢、時間的復數(shù)名詞詞組作主語時普通被看作一個整體，謂語用單數(shù)方式。個整體，謂語用單數(shù)方式。 Ten dollars is

27、 not enough. Three months has passed since he left. 11主語是以主語是以-ics 結(jié)尾的學科名詞以及結(jié)尾的學科名詞以及news, works (工廠工廠)等都屬等都屬方式復數(shù)，而意義單數(shù)的名詞，其謂語用單數(shù)方式。另外方式復數(shù)，而意義單數(shù)的名詞，其謂語用單數(shù)方式。另外means一一詞單復數(shù)同形應視詳細情況而定。詞單復數(shù)同形應視詳細情況而定。 Mathematics seems to be difficult to learn. A new means of teaching is being used in that school. 12主語是

28、用作書名、劇名、報紙名、國名等的復數(shù)名詞，謂語普主語是用作書名、劇名、報紙名、國名等的復數(shù)名詞，謂語普通用單數(shù)方式。通用單數(shù)方式。 The United States is a developed country. 13主語是主語是family, team, group, crowd, class, committee等集合等集合名詞時，假設作為一個整體對待，謂語用單數(shù)方式，如指的是全體名詞時，假設作為一個整體對待，謂語用單數(shù)方式，如指的是全體人員時，謂語用復數(shù)。人員時，謂語用復數(shù)。 His family are all music lovers. 14“one of + 復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)名詞 +

29、 定語從句定語從句之前有之前有the only, the very, the等限定詞和修飾語時，定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)方式。等限定詞和修飾語時，定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)方式。 She is the only one of these women who plays the violin. 15主語是疑問代詞主語是疑問代詞who, what, which,不定代詞不定代詞all, more, most, any, none等以及名詞等以及名詞half, part, the rest等既可表示復數(shù)意義又可等既可表示復數(shù)意義又可表示單數(shù)意義，其謂語視情況而定。表示單數(shù)意義，其謂語視情況而定。 Ha

30、lf of the visitors are from Europe. Half of the fruit is bad. 16主語是表示數(shù)量的主語是表示數(shù)量的“one and a half +復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)名詞，其謂語用單，其謂語用單數(shù)方式。主語是數(shù)方式。主語是“one or two + 復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)名詞，其謂語用復數(shù)方式。，其謂語用復數(shù)方式。 One and a half bananas is left on the table. There are one or two things Id like to know about. 17the +描畫詞或分詞作主語時，如指一類人。其謂語用復數(shù)

31、，描畫詞或分詞作主語時，如指一類人。其謂語用復數(shù)，如指籠統(tǒng)概念，其謂語用單數(shù)。如：如指籠統(tǒng)概念，其謂語用單數(shù)。如： The rich are not always happy. The new is sure to replace the old. 18由由not only but also, neithernor, eitheror, not but以及以及or銜接的并列主語，謂語動詞要與最接近它的主語在數(shù)上堅持銜接的并列主語，謂語動詞要與最接近它的主語在數(shù)上堅持一致。一致。 Not only your fathers friends but also your father likes s

32、moking.19在倒裝句中以及在在倒裝句中以及在There be 構(gòu)造中，如主語是并列的，謂構(gòu)造中，如主語是并列的，謂語動詞往往和其后面的第一個主語獲得數(shù)上的一致。語動詞往往和其后面的第一個主語獲得數(shù)上的一致。 Where is your mother and younger sister? There is a pen , two pencils and five books on the desk. 20主語主語 people 作作“人們，人民人們，人民解時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)，作解時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)，作“民民族族解時，有單復數(shù)之分。解時，有單復數(shù)之分。 Our people is a gr

33、eat one. There are 56 peoples in China. 21主語是主語是a / this / that kind/sort/type of +名詞，謂語用單數(shù)方名詞，謂語用單數(shù)方式，主語指的不是一種而是多種，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。式，主語指的不是一種而是多種，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 This kind of cloth feels soft. There are different kinds of animals. 22主語是主語是“each of ，“neither of ，“either of ，“one of 等時，其謂語用單數(shù)。等時，其謂語用單數(shù)。 Each of the

34、m has his own duty. 23陳說部分用陳說部分用everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one或或 no +復數(shù)名詞等作主語時，復數(shù)名詞等作主語時，反意部分用反意部分用they。而陳說部分用。而陳說部分用everything, something, nothing, anything時，反意部分代詞那么采用單數(shù)，用時，反意部分代詞那么采用單數(shù)，用it。 Somebody is waiting for you, aren they? Everything is all right, i

35、snt it? 24動名詞或動詞不定式作主語，其謂語用單數(shù)方式。動名詞或動詞不定式作主語，其謂語用單數(shù)方式。 When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet. 25用引號的詞語作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)第三人稱。用引號的詞語作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)第三人稱。 “I is the ninth letter of the English Alphabet. 26在強調(diào)構(gòu)造中如被強調(diào)的是句子的主語，那么在強調(diào)構(gòu)造中如被強調(diào)的是句子的主語，那么who或或that 后面后面的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)應和主語一致。的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)應和主語一致。 It is Mike who always helps me study maths after class .27wish后接賓語從句用虛擬語氣，如表示與如今現(xiàn)實相反，無后接賓語從句用虛擬語氣，如表示與如今現(xiàn)實相反，無論主語是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)，論主語是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)，be動詞用動詞用were。 I wish I were ten years younger. 28poli