句子的種類：簡單句并列句復合句

1、句句子子的的類類型型簡單句簡單句(simple sentence)并列句并列句(compound sentence)復合句復合句(complex sentence)簡單句只有一個限定動詞（即簡單句只有一個限定動詞（即只有一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)），它是最只有一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)），它是最小的句子單位。小的句子單位。Examples:The boy hit the dog. / The dog bit the boy.nounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing V-edetc.主語謂語+ 賓語+賓語 賓補表語賓語(間)+賓語(直)VtV-lViNoun / PronounThe + adjV-in

2、g / ClauseInfinitiveNoun / Pronoun / The + adjV-ing / Clause / Infinitivebe / feel / seem / lookappear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ keeptaste / smell etc. nounpronounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing / V-edclauseetc.簡單句簡單句（六種句型）（六種句型）1、主語、主語+謂語謂語2、主語、主語+系動詞系動詞+表語表語3、主語、主語+謂語謂

3、語+賓語賓語4、 主語主語+謂語謂語+間接賓語間接賓語+直接賓語（雙賓語）直接賓語（雙賓語）5、主語、主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語+賓補（復合賓語）賓補（復合賓語） 6、There be +主語主語+地點狀語地點狀語The rain stopped.We are students.They like English.He gave me a beautiful gift=He gave a beautiful gift to me.We must keep the classroom clean.There is a book, a pen and some pencils on the desk

4、.There are two chairs, a desk and a bed in my room.請說出下列句子類型。請說出下列句子類型。1.Summer is coming.2.They wont let me go.3.He showed me a new TV set.4.She knows what to do.5.The weather is very cold.主語主語+謂語謂語主語主語+系動詞系動詞+表語表語主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語主語主語+謂語謂語+間接賓語間接賓語+直接賓語（雙賓語）直接賓語（雙賓語）主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語+賓賓補（復合賓語）補（復合賓語） Ex

5、ercise:1. 你應當努力學習。你應當努力學習。2. 這個盒子重五公斤。這個盒子重五公斤。3. 我的堂妹正在做數(shù)學作業(yè)。我的堂妹正在做數(shù)學作業(yè)。4. 王叔叔給他的兒子買了一本英王叔叔給他的兒子買了一本英漢字典。漢字典。5. 他們不允許人們在候客室抽煙他們不允許人們在候客室抽煙.6. 我們學校有一個公共游泳池我們學校有一個公共游泳池1.你應當努力學習。你應當努力學習。2.這個盒子重五公斤。這個盒子重五公斤。3.我的堂妹正在做數(shù)學作業(yè)。我的堂妹正在做數(shù)學作業(yè)。4.王叔叔給他的兒子買了一本英漢字典。王叔叔給他的兒子買了一本英漢字典。5.他們不允許人們在候客室抽煙他們不允許人們在候客室抽煙.6.我

6、們學校有一個公共游泳池我們學校有一個公共游泳池1. You should study hard.2. This box weighs five kilos.3. My cousin is doing maths exercises. 4. Uncle Wang bought his son an English-Chinese dictionary.5. They dont allow people to smoke in the waiting room.6. There is a public swimming pool in our school.簡單句的基本成分的修飾語簡單句的基本成分

7、的修飾語:1. 定語定語：即用來修飾：即用來修飾句子的主語、賓語句子的主語、賓語 (名詞名詞或代詞或代詞 )的單詞、短語或從句的單詞、短語或從句2. 狀語狀語：即用來修飾：即用來修飾句子的謂語句子的謂語 (及物動詞、及物動詞、不及物動詞或短語）不及物動詞或短語）或或整個句子整個句子 的成分的成分（單詞（單詞 、短語或從句）、短語或從句）。簡單句的擴展成份簡單句的擴展成份 / 簡單句的主語、賓語簡單句的主語、賓語 (名詞或代詞名詞或代詞 )可以加上一可以加上一個短語（如定語）來擴展，個短語（如定語）來擴展， 謂語謂語 (及物動詞、不及物動詞及物動詞、不及物動詞或短語）或短語）也可以也可以與其它短

8、語（如狀語）連用進行擴展。與其它短語（如狀語）連用進行擴展。附屬成分附屬成分定定 語語1. John went towards a hospital slowly .2. John often came to chat with me3. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.4. As he was ill, he didnt come to class yesterday.1. Poor John went towards a hospital nearby2. Have you seen the book on the desk?3. The boy

9、playing over there is my brother.4. People that/who want to be healthy like sports.狀狀 語語定定 語語1. She likes green apples imported from the USA .2. John gave Mary many books，which are full of pictures .狀狀 語語1. John likes oranges very much2. She is sitting at the desk, doing her homework.3. My father wo

10、rked in this school ten years ago.4. Whenever he gets drunk，John makes Mary very angryback并列句并列句需把幾個意思連接在一起時，可用分號需把幾個意思連接在一起時，可用分號;把把兩個或幾個簡單句兩個或幾個簡單句用用并列連詞并列連詞連接起連接起來，則構(gòu)成一個并列句。來，則構(gòu)成一個并列句。用分號：用分號：We fished all day; we didnt catch a thing.用分號，后跟一個連接副詞：用分號，后跟一個連接副詞：We fished all day; however, we didnt

11、catch a thing.用并列連詞（如用并列連詞（如and、but、so、yet等等）We fished all day, but (we) didnt catch a thing.并并列列句句1、He is a teacher but I am a doctor. 2. Hurry up, or you will be late. 3. Either you are mad or he is.4. Not only is he an actor but also he is a director. 5. Neither are they farmers nor they are work

12、ers. 6. They first worked as doctors and later they worked as writers. 7. I was doing housework while he was playing chess.兩個簡單句的主語可以兩個簡單句的主語可以 由連詞由連詞and、but、both.and、eitheror、neithernor、not onlybut also等連詞連接組成一個簡單句，但應等連詞連接組成一個簡單句，但應注意主語和謂語動詞的一致性。注意主語和謂語動詞的一致性。The boss is flying to Paris. His secret

13、ary is flying to Paris. The boss and his secretary are flying to Paris. Both the boss and his secretary are flying to Paris.The boss is flying to Rome. His secretary is not flying to Rome. The boss but not his secretary is flying to Rome.The boss may be flying to Berlin. His secretary may be flying

14、to Berlin. Either the boss or his secretary is flying to Berlin.The boss is not flying to York. His secretary isnt flying to York. Neither the boss nor his secretary is flying to York.主語、謂語、賓語的合并主語、謂語、賓語的合并兩個簡單句的賓語可由兩個簡單句的賓語可由and、bothand等連詞連等連詞連接組成一個簡單句。接組成一個簡單句。I met Jane. I met her husband.I met J

15、ane and her husband.I met both Jane and her husband.It was cold. It was wet.It was cold and wet.I didnt meet Jane. I didnt meet her husband.I didnt meet either Jane or her husband. I met neither Jane nor her husband.兩個或兩個以上限定動詞也可合并為一個簡單句。兩個或兩個以上限定動詞也可合并為一個簡單句。We sang all night. We danced all night.W

16、e sang and danced all night.主語、謂語、賓語的合并主語、謂語、賓語的合并并列句并列句并列句的詞序：并列句的詞序：并列句基本上保留了簡單句并列句基本上保留了簡單句的詞序。的詞序。主語主語 謂語謂語 賓語賓語 連詞連詞 主語主語 動詞動詞 表語表語Jimmy fell off his bike but (he) wasnt hurt.五種簡單句型可用五種簡單句型可用并列連詞并列連詞連接起來組成并列句。連接起來組成并列句。 主主 謂謂 狀（方式）狀（方式） 連連 主主 謂謂 表表Frank worked hard and (he ) became an architect

17、.主主 謂謂 賓賓 連連 主主 謂謂 地點地點I ve got a cold, so I m going to bed. 主主 謂謂 賓賓 賓補賓補 連連 主主 謂謂 賓賓They made him chairman, but (they) didnt increase his salary.并列句并列句常用并列連詞常用并列連詞coordinating conjunctions 平行并列連詞平行并列連詞: 轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞：轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞： 因果并列連詞因果并列連詞: 選擇并列連詞選擇并列連詞:and, bothand, not onlybut also,neither norbut, howeve

18、r, while, yet, for, so, therefore, thus,or, eitheror, Exercise (Homework):請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句。列句。1. He was tired. He went to bed. 2. The child hid behind his mothers skirt. He was afraid of the dog.3. He made a promise. He didnt keep it.4.Mary is opening the door. John is gree

19、ting her guests.5. I like volleyball. My brother likes basketball.Exercise (Homework):請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句。He was tired, so he went to bed.1. He was tired. He went to bed. 2. The child hid behind his mothers skirt. He was afraid of the dog.3. He made a promise. He didnt keep

20、it.He made a promise, but He didnt keep it. The child hid behind his mothers skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.4.Mary is opening the door. John is greeting her guests.Mary is opening the door , and John is greeting her guests.5. I like volleyball. My brother likes basketball.I like volleyball, whi

21、le my brother likes basketball.backHomework:請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句并列句。1. He was tired. He went to bed. 2. The child hid behind his mothers skirt. He was afraid of the dog.3. He made a promise. He didnt keep it.4.Mary is opening the door. John is greeting her guests.5. I like volle

22、yball. My brother likes basketball. 復合句是在簡單句的基礎上，通過從屬連詞將復合句是在簡單句的基礎上，通過從屬連詞將兩個或兩個以上簡單句連接在一起而構(gòu)成。兩個或兩個以上簡單句連接在一起而構(gòu)成。 從屬連詞所引導的句子因在主句中充當主語、從屬連詞所引導的句子因在主句中充當主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等成分（相當于起名詞、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等成分（相當于起名詞、形容詞、副詞等的作用），就分別被稱之為：形容詞、副詞等的作用），就分別被稱之為： 1. 主語從句主語從句 2. 賓語從句賓語從句 3. 表語從句表語從句 4. 定語從句定語從句 5. 狀語從句狀語從句

23、6. 同位語從句同位語從句 英文寫作中最常使用的從句英文寫作中最常使用的從句1. 賓語從句賓語從句2. 狀語從句狀語從句 3. 定語從句定語從句復合句復合句:主句主句+從句從句主句是一個完整的句子主句是一個完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以獨立存在。它可以獨立存在。從句是一個不完整的句子從句是一個不完整的句子,它必須和一它必須和一個主句連用，不能獨立存在個主句連用，不能獨立存在.復合句復合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句從句從句主句主句By the time he arrived, 1we had already left. 2請指出該復合

24、句的主句和從句部分。從句主句練習練習: 請分別指出下列句子的主句和從句：請分別指出下列句子的主句和從句：1、He is a man who is easy to work with.2. I dont know whether he will come tomorrow.3. When I saw him , he was washing clothes.4. That he came made us happy.5. The news that he won the first is true.6. The question is where we should go tomorrow.復復

25、合合句句復合句復合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句=主句主句+從句從句He told me the news.that the match had been cancelled.賓語賓語how much he was prepared to pay for my car.that I could have the money without delay.how much he was prepared topay for my car and that I couldhave the money without delay. when he was leaving f

26、or Paris.賓語從句賓語從句I dont know him.who he is . that he has finished his work.whether he has finished his work.賓語從句賓語從句He is leaving for Washington.that he is leaving for Washington.when he is leaving for Washington.why he is leaving for Washington.how he is leaving for Washington.whether he is leaving

27、 for Washington.復合句復合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句=主句主句+從句從句the people surprised That What he saidwhat he did主語主語That he didnt know the answerin the room.定語定語who were sitting in the room.who were present.whose sons were at school.who had signed the contract.復合句復合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句=主句主句+從句

28、從句That is the fact.表表 語語what he needs.what he gave me.why he was late.because he was ill.what has happened.復合句復合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句=主句主句+從句從句He worked in that factorythree years ago.地點狀語地點狀語時間狀語時間狀語where his father workedin that factorywhere I livedwhen he lived thereHis father also worked

29、 there.I lived there.He lived there three years ago.復合句復合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句=主句主句+從句從句Put the book on the desk.where you took it.where it was.地點狀語地點狀語where you found it.You cant camp here.where there are a lot of trees.wherever you like.exercises復合句復合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句=主句主句+從句從句

30、指出下列各從句的類型指出下列各從句的類型vI believe that everything is going on well.vShe was reading a novel when I came in.vShe is the girl who sings best in my class.賓語從句賓語從句狀語從句狀語從句定語從定語從句句PracticePracticePractice復合句復合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句=主句主句+從句從句Homework: 1. 用所給連詞連接句子。用所給連詞連接句子。1. He has found out. She wa

31、s late. (why)2. I still remember the day. I first went to New York on that day. (when)Next2. 將各組句子連接為一個含有將各組句子連接為一個含有狀語從句狀語從句的復合句。的復合句。1. He didnt come yesterday. He was ill. 1. He didnt come yesterday. He was ill. ( (原因原因) )2.2.Ill give the letter to him. I see him. Ill give the letter to him. I se

32、e him. （時間時間）3.3.It is such a big box. Nobody can move It is such a big box. Nobody can move it. it. （結(jié)果結(jié)果）4.4.Well go to the great wall. Its fine Well go to the great wall. Its fine tomorrow. (tomorrow. (條件條件) ) 5.5.We should not go there all the time. We should not go there all the time. The place

33、 is quite pleasant.(The place is quite pleasant.(讓步）讓步）連接句子。連接句子。He has found out. She was late. (why)He has found out why she was late.I still remember the day. I first went to York on that day. I still remember the day when I first went to York.將各組句子連接為一個含有將各組句子連接為一個含有狀語從句狀語從句的復合句。的復合句。PracticePra

34、cticePracticeHe didnt come yesterday. He was ill. He didnt come yesterday because he was ill.Ill give the letter to him. I see him. It is such a big box. Nobody can move it. Well go to the great wall. Its fine tomorrow. We should not go there all the time. The place is quite pleasant.(讓步）讓步）It is su

35、ch a big box that nobody can move it.Well go to the great wall if its fine tomorrow.Although the place is quite pleasant, we should not go there all the time.Ill give the letter to him when I see him.Ill give the letter to him as soon as I see him.Ill give the letter to him the moment I see him.back

36、由一個主句和一個或者一個以上從句所由一個主句和一個或者一個以上從句所構(gòu)成的句子。在英語書面語中應用廣泛。構(gòu)成的句子。在英語書面語中應用廣泛。主句是一個完整的句子主句是一個完整的句子,它可以獨立存在。它可以獨立存在。從句是一個不完整的句子從句是一個不完整的句子,它必須和一個它必須和一個主句連用，不能獨立存在。主句連用，不能獨立存在。復合句可以通過把兩個以上簡單句連接復合句可以通過把兩個以上簡單句連接在一起構(gòu)成在一起構(gòu)成,但復合句的各組成部份并非但復合句的各組成部份并非同等重要，其中一個句子由從屬連詞引同等重要，其中一個句子由從屬連詞引導（從句），用以修飾另一句子（主句）。導（從句），用以修飾另一

37、句子（主句）。 復合句小結(jié)復合句小結(jié)復合句復合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句 =主句主句+從句從句I am busy.I am busy washing but my husband is playing Majiang with them.Although I am busy washing , my husband is playing Majiang with them.簡單句簡單句復合句復合句并列句并列句說出下面的句子是說出下面的句子是簡單句、并列句、簡單句、并列句、還是還是復合句復合句1. 澳門是一座小城市，它坐落在廣東以南。澳門是一座小城市，它坐落在廣東

38、以南。2. 我們一大早就出發(fā)了我們一大早就出發(fā)了.3. 雖然天要下雨雖然天要下雨,他還是拒絕帶傘他還是拒絕帶傘.4. 我最喜歡英語和計算機并且我很擅長我最喜歡英語和計算機并且我很擅長.5. 我們所有的人干得都很賣力我們所有的人干得都很賣力,我們的衣服被我們的衣服被汗水濕透了汗水濕透了.用適當?shù)木涫椒g下列句子用適當?shù)木涫椒g下列句子:1.Macao is a small city, 1.Macao is a small city, whichwhich lies to lies to the south of Guangdong.the south of Guangdong.2. Early

39、in the morning we 2. Early in the morning we set outset out. .3. He 3. He refused to takerefused to take his umbrella with his umbrella with him him thoughthough it was beginning to rain. it was beginning to rain.4. I 4. I like like English and computer English and computer bestbest andand I Imm very very good atgood at them. them.5. All of us worked 5. All of us worked soso har