B3M1導(dǎo)學(xué)案(2)

1、B3Module 1 EuropeGrammar導(dǎo)學(xué)案（2） 高一英語組一語法突破 探究被動語態(tài)與主謂一致 被動語態(tài)與主謂一致均屬于中學(xué)英語語法中的重要組成 部分，也是高考常考點(diǎn)。近幾年試題多從基本結(jié)構(gòu)和基 本用法進(jìn)行考查。學(xué)習(xí)本部分要掌握以下重點(diǎn)： 1. 被動 語態(tài)的各種時態(tài)怎樣表達(dá) ? 2. 哪些動詞不能用被動形 式？ 3. 主謂一致都有哪些特殊情況？I.被動語態(tài)【觀察領(lǐng)悟】Paris is visited by more tha n eight millio n tourists.The Church of the Sagrada Familia was designed by anar

2、chitect called Antonio Gaudi.The win dow got broke n.【自我歸納】1. 被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)： _ 。情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞 + be + 過去分詞A new hospital will be built here.-His car is being repaired now.-The work hasn t been finished yet.【拓展延伸】1. 有些動詞用主動形式表被動含義。例如：-The goods sell well.貨物賣得好。-The door ope ns easily.H容易開。有些詞女口 want, nee

3、d, require和 be worth 后面跟 v. -ing, 形式為主動，意義為被動。-The room n eeds/wa nts/requires clea ning.The book is worth reading. 這本書值得讀。2. 以下動詞無被動形式。last(延長),happen, cost 花費(fèi)),lack(缺乏),agree with(同 意)，join, fit/suit( 適合 ), have, belong to, let, disappear, breakout(爆 發(fā)burst out(迸發(fā))【活學(xué)活用】1. 用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 The stude n

4、tsoften _ (tell)to take care of theirdesks and chairs. Whata knife_ (use)for?3How many trees_ (pla nt) in your school last year?4The books can t_(take) out of the library.5The cin ema_ (build)in 1985.6Vegetables, eggs and fruit_(sell)well in this shop.7These kinds of machi nes_ (make)i n Japa n.8App

5、les_ (grow) on this farm.9All the work_(fin ish)already.10Many trees_(cut) dow n now.2. 單項(xiàng)填空1(2012 湖南高考)Don tworry. The hard work that youdo now _ l ate r in life.A. will be repaidB. was being repaidC. has been repaid D. was repaid2(2012 昆明高一檢測 )Can this bike _ here?A. repair B. is repaired C. be re

6、paired D. repairing3_ for two years, the bike needs _.A. Using; repairing B. Being used; being repairedC. Having been used; repairingD. Having used; to be repairedn.主謂一致【觀察領(lǐng)悟】My family lives in Cardiff. 我家住在卡迪夫。The whole class is here. 整個班都在這兒。My family are all soccer fans.我們一家人都是足球迷。The class are a

7、ll here.全班同學(xué)都在這兒。Neither of them is English.他們倆都不是英國人。None of them has arrived yet. 他們都還沒到。Each of them has a capital city. 他們都有一個首都城市。None of the emails have been answered.所有的電子郵件都還沒有回復(fù)?！咀晕覛w納】1. 集體名詞作主語時，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個別成員，謂語動詞 用形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用 _形式。這類集體名詞有 audience, army, class, company, crowd,family, govern

8、ment, group, population, public, team, village,school 等；2. neither 指“_，”在一般情況下謂語動詞用 _數(shù)；3. none 表示三者或三者以上 “都不 ”，謂語動詞既可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)；4. each 指 兩個或兩個以上的人或物中的 _ ”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。【拓展延伸】1. 表示時間、重量、距離、價格、體積等名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作 主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。1Forty miles _ covered in a single night. (be)2Twenty years _ a long time in ones life.

9、(be)2. 由 or, nor, either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . .but (also).連接的并列主語及 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，通常根據(jù) 就近原則，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要和與它鄰近的主語 一致。 例如：One or two friends _ coming this evening. (be)3. 當(dāng)主語后面有 as well as, with, along with, together with,but, like, rather than, except 等引導(dǎo)的短語時，謂語動詞要 與它們前面的主語保

10、持一致。例如：Tom as well as his friends _ invited to the party. (be)4. 被 every, each, no 等限定的單個主語由 and 連接時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如：Each boy and (each) girl _ an apple. (have)5. 由 more than one, many a 修飾的名詞作主語時，謂語 動詞用單數(shù)。例如：Many a student _ seen the film. (have)6. 由 kind, form, type, series, sort 等詞修飾的名詞作主 語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)取決

11、于這些詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，而不 是它們后面的名詞。例如：This kind of bikes _ very popular nowadays. (be)7. 由 and 連接但表示同一事物作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。The writer and speaker _ from the USA. (be)8. each 作主語的同位語時， 謂語動詞由主語來決定，與 each 無關(guān)，但 each 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例：1They each_ a radio set. (have)2Each of them_ a radio set. (have)【活學(xué)活用】1. 用括號中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1Every

12、 man and woman _(invite) to attend the meeting.2Many a student and teacher _ (be) here.3What you said _ (be)mea nin gless.4Either he or I _(be)wr ong.5Not only the students but also the teacher_(take) part in the games next week.6The police_(be)search ing for the murderer.7The writer and sin ger_(gi

13、ve) a speech now.8There _ a pen and two pen cils on the desk.9Each of the boys in our class_(like) football.2. 單項(xiàng)填空(2012 陜西高考)The basketball coach, as well as histeam, _ i n te rv i ewe d shortly after the match for theiroutstanding performance.A. were B. was C. isD. are2(2012 陽泉高一檢測)Now Tom with hi

14、s classmatesfootball on the playground.A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing3Thirty dollars_ too expe nsive for him.A. are B. is C. were D. be4Noth ing but one desk and six chairs_ in the room.A. are B. is stayed C. is D. are left5About 60 perce nt of the stude nts_from the south,the rest of

15、 them _ from the north and foreigncountries.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is二課時達(dá)標(biāo) 訓(xùn)練I.用括號中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Here _(be)some books and papers for you.2. Not only you but also he _ (be) ready to leave.3. Maths _(be) very popular in our class.4. A speech _ (g i v e) h e re last Friday.5. Russian

16、_(learn)as the second language by somestudents in China.6. Planes, cars and trains _ (use)by business peoplefor travelling.n.將下列主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)1. We grow cotton in my hometown.Cotton _ by us in my hometown.2. My parents gave me ten minutes to make a decision.I _ ten minutes to make a decision by my paren

17、ts.3. Someone saw her go upstairs last night.She _ by someone to go upstairs last night.4. My mother looks through the magazine every day.The magazine _ by my mother every day.川.單項(xiàng)填空1. （2012 徐州高一檢測）Many a writer of newspaperarticles _ to writing novels.A. has turned B. have turned C. being turnedD.

18、are going to turn2. _ of the mountains in that area _ coveredby trees and grass.A. Two-fifth; is B. Two-fifth; areC. Two-fifths; are D. Two-fifths; is3. All the employees except the manager _ to workonline at home.A. encouragesB. encourage4. Jane is one of the best students in her class whobytheir t

19、eacher.A. are praised B. is praised C. praised D. praising5. Neither Tom nor Jack and I _ his students, buteach of us _ him very much.A. am; likes B. is; love C. are; likes D. was; loves6. Have you got your test result? Not yet. The papers _.A. are not correcting B. haven t correctedC. are still being corrected D. have already been corrected7. （2012 棗莊高一檢測 ）Going to bed and getting up earlya good habit.A. is B. are C. were D. was8. The teacher together with the s