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1、AUSIT Code of EthicsThe Australian Institute of Interpreters and Translators Inc (AUSIT) was founded at a meeting in Canberra in 1987, convened by the National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters (NAATI) to establish a national association of interpreting and translation profess
2、ionals in Australia. Central to the establishment of any profession is the codification of its practices not only in organisational matters, but also, and crucially, in matters of professional conduct. Adherence to a Code of Ethics represents an undertaking by the members of a professional associati
3、on that they can be relied upon to behave according to rules that protect and respect the interests of their clients as well as those of their fellow members. The development of the AUSIT Code of Ethics was completed in 1995, when it was endorsed(認(rèn)可) by NAATI, adopted by AUSIT at the National Genera
4、l Meeting and presented to the International Federation of Translators at its World Congress in Melbourne in 1996.In summary, the Code obliges members to: respect their clients rights to privacy and confidentiality尊重客人隱私 decline to undertake work beyond their competence or accreditation levels不要做能力以
5、外和鑒定認(rèn)證以外的翻譯 take responsibility for the work of people under their supervision 對下屬負(fù)責(zé) decline to mix promotional activity for clients with interpreting or translation work guard against misuse of inside information for personal gain guard against encroaching on the work of co-members maintain profess
6、ional detachment, impartiality and objectivity 不偏不倚 refer to arbitration by the National Council of any dispute with other members and to accept the Council decision as binding.與同行爭執(zhí)時,接受國家委員會的仲裁The development of the rules embodied in the Code has been a serious and painstaking undertaking(艱巨的任務(wù)), b
7、ut its effectiveness is attested to by the fact that, apart from the NAATI endorsement(認(rèn)證), a number of major organisations have sought and been granted the right to adopt and reproduce it. They include interalia the Commonwealth Governments Translation and Interpreting Service (TIS), Centrelink Mul
8、ticultural Services, the Refugee Review Tribunal.GENERAL PRINCIPLES總則 1. PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT職業(yè)操守Interpreters and translators shall at all times act in accordance with the standards of conduct and dec
9、orum appropriate to the aims of AUSIT, the national professional association of interpreting and translation practitioners.口譯員和筆譯員必須在任何時候都應(yīng)根據(jù)對于口譯和筆譯從業(yè)人員全國職業(yè)協(xié)會澳大利亞翻譯協(xié)會(AUSIT)目標(biāo)來說適宜的操守和禮儀之標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來行事。 2. CONFIDENTIALITY保密In
10、terpreters and translators shall not disclose information acquired during the course of their assignments.口譯員和筆譯員不得披露任何在其工作期間獲得的信息。 3. COMPETENCE勝任能力Interpreters and translators shall undertake only
11、160;work which they are competent to perform in the language areas for which they are “accredited” or “recognised” by NAATI.口譯員和筆譯員只應(yīng)從事在其由NAATI鑒定合格或是認(rèn)可的語言領(lǐng)域內(nèi)其有足夠勝任能力從事的工作。 4. IMPARTIALITY公正性Inter
12、preters and translators shall observe impartiality in all professional contracts.口譯員和筆譯員須在所有專業(yè)工作中確保公正性。 5. ACCURACY精準(zhǔn)性Interpreters and translators shall take all reasonable care to be accurate.口譯
13、員和筆譯員須盡全力確保翻譯精準(zhǔn)。 6. EMPLOYMENT執(zhí)業(yè)Interpreters and translators shall be responsible for the quality of their work, whether as freelance practitioners or employed practitioners of interpreting&
14、#160;and translation agencies and other employers.不管是作為自由職業(yè)者還是由口譯和翻譯中介機(jī)構(gòu)或其他雇主雇傭的從業(yè)者,口譯員和筆譯員都有責(zé)任確保其工作質(zhì)量。 7. PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT專業(yè)水平提升Interpreters and translators shall continue to develop their professional know
15、ledge and skills.口譯員和筆譯員須不斷提升其專業(yè)知識和技能。 8. PROFESSIONAL SOLIDARITY業(yè)內(nèi)團(tuán)結(jié)Interpreters and translators shall respect and support their fellow professionals.口譯員和筆譯員須尊重和支持其業(yè)內(nèi)專業(yè)人士。 CODE OF PRACTICE從業(yè)準(zhǔn)則 Annotation
16、s to General Principles of Code of Ethics道德守則總則之注釋 1. PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT職業(yè)操守 a) Standards of Conduct and Decorum(端莊得體)操守和禮貌之標(biāo)準(zhǔn)i. Interpreters and translators shall be polite and
17、courteous at all times.口譯員和筆譯員須在任何時候都禮貌待人,舉止恭謙。ii. Interpreters and translators shall explain their role to those unaccustomed to working with them.口譯員和筆譯員須對尚不熟悉與之共事之人士解釋其職責(zé)。iii. Interpreters and tran
18、slators shall be unobtrusive, but firm and dignified, at all times.口譯員和筆譯員須在任何時候都應(yīng)低調(diào)行事,但立場堅(jiān)定,態(tài)度莊嚴(yán)。iv. It is the responsibility of interpreters and translators to ensure that the conditi
19、ons under which they work facilitate rather than hinder communication.口譯員和筆譯員有責(zé)任確保其工作的狀態(tài)有助于而不是妨礙溝通v. Interpreters shall encourage speakers to address each other directly.口譯員應(yīng)鼓勵其服務(wù)對象相互直接稱呼對方。 b) Honest
20、y, Integrity and Dignity誠實(shí)、正直和尊嚴(yán)i. Interpreters and translators shall not allow personal or other interests to prejudice or influence their work.口譯員和筆譯員須確保不讓個人或其他利益對其工作造成損害或影響。ii. Interpreters an
21、d translators shall not solicit or accept gratuities or other benefits.口譯員和筆譯員不得索要和收受小費(fèi)或其他好處。Cf. 6. Employment b) (iii)iii. Interpreters and translators shall not exercise power or infl
22、uence over their clients.口譯員和筆譯員不得對其客戶發(fā)號施令或施加影響。iv. Interpreters and translators shall maintain their integrity and independence at all Times.口譯員和筆譯員須時刻維護(hù)其正直和獨(dú)立性。v. Interpreters and translators shall
23、frankly disclose any possible conflict of interest.口譯員和筆譯員須坦率地披露任何可能存在的利益沖突。 c) Reliability可靠性i. Interpreters and translators shall adhere to appointment times and deadlines, or in emergencies
24、60;advise clients promptly.口譯員和筆譯員須信守預(yù)約時間和最后期限,或在出現(xiàn)緊急情況時立刻通知客戶。ii .Interpreters and translators shall undertake appropriate preparations for all translating and interpreting (T&I) assignments.口譯員和筆譯員須在從事所有翻譯和口譯工作前做好恰
25、當(dāng)?shù)臏?zhǔn)備工作。iii. Interpreters and translators shall complete interpreting and translation assignments they have accepted.口譯員和筆譯員須完成其承接的口譯和筆譯工作。 d) Infamous Conduct卑劣行為Interpreters and translators shall refrain&
26、#160;from behaviour which their colleagues would reasonably regard as unprofessional or dishonourable.口譯員和筆譯員不得做出其同行有理由認(rèn)為是不專業(yè)或不光彩的行為。 e) Disputes爭議i. Interpreters and translators shall try to resolve&
27、#160;any disputes with their interpreting and translating colleagues in a cooperative, constructive and professional manner.口譯員和筆譯員須盡量以合作性、建設(shè)性和專業(yè)的方式解決與其口譯和翻譯同行之間的爭議。ii. Interpreters and translators shall r
28、efer any unresolved disputes with other AUSIT members to the Executive Committee of their professional association and the conclusive direction of the Executive Committee shall
29、0;be binding on members, with the provision of appeal or review in the interests of natural justice.口譯員和筆譯員應(yīng)將任何與其他澳大利亞翻譯協(xié)會成員之間未解決的爭議提交至其專業(yè)協(xié)會的執(zhí)行委員會,且執(zhí)行委員會在本著自然公正的原則提供上訴權(quán)力或進(jìn)行復(fù)議后作出的最終指示對其成員有約束力。 2. CONFIDENTIALITY
30、保密 a) Information Sharing信息共享i. Information shared in interpreting and translating assignments is strictly confidential.在口譯和筆譯工作中共享的信息應(yīng)嚴(yán)格保密。ii. Disclosure of information may be permissible with c
31、lients agreement or when disclosure is mandated by law.在征得客戶同意或當(dāng)法律要求披露時方可披露信息。iii. Where teamwork is required, and with the clients permission, it may be necessary to brief other
32、160;interpreters or translators who are members of the team involved in the assignment. In such circumstances, the ethical obligation for confidentiality extends to all members
33、0;of the team and/or agency.團(tuán)隊(duì)作業(yè)需要披露信息,且征得客戶同意后,需要向作為團(tuán)隊(duì)成員作業(yè)的口譯員和筆譯員簡要說明情況。在這種情況下,保密的道德義務(wù)對于該團(tuán)隊(duì)和/或機(jī)構(gòu)的所有成員都適用。iv. Information gained by interpreters and translators from consultations between clients and their legal
34、60;representatives is protected under the common law rule of legal professional privilege.口譯員和筆譯員在向客戶及其法定代理人咨詢時獲取的信息,受法定的職業(yè)特權(quán)的普通法條例保護(hù)。v. Interpreters and translators shall not sub-contract work to int
35、erpreting and translating colleagues without permission from their client.未經(jīng)客戶同意,口譯員和筆譯員不得將業(yè)務(wù)分包給口譯和翻譯同事。vi. Translated documents at all times remain the property of the client and shall not&
36、#160;be shown or released to a third party without the express permission of the client, or by order of a court of law.翻譯文件在任何時候都屬于客戶的財(cái)產(chǎn),未經(jīng)客戶明確同意或法庭下令不得向第三方展示和披露。3. COMPETENCE勝任能力
37、a) Qualifications and Accreditation資質(zhì)和鑒定合格i. Interpreters and translators shall accept only interpreting and translation assignments which they are competent to perform.口譯員和筆譯員只能承接其有能力完成的口譯和筆譯業(yè)務(wù)。ii. A
38、cceptance of an interpreting and translation is an implicit declaration of an interpreters or translators competence and constitutes a contract (oral or written).同意承接一項(xiàng)口譯和筆譯業(yè)務(wù)即暗示口譯員和筆譯員有能力將其
39、完成并構(gòu)成一個(口頭或書面)合同。iii. Interpreters and translators shall clearly specify to their clients the NAATI level and direction in the languages for which they are accredited or recognised
40、.口譯員和筆譯員須清楚地向其客戶指明其所鑒定合格或被認(rèn)可的NAATI評級和語言之翻譯方向。iv. If requested by clients, interpreters and translators shall explain the difference between NAATI “Accreditation” and “Recognition”.如果客戶有要求,口譯員和筆譯員須解釋NAATI鑒定合格和認(rèn)可之間的區(qū)別。
41、0;b) Level of Expertise專業(yè)水平In the course of an assignment, if it becomes apparent to interpreters and translators that expertise beyond their competence is required, they shal
42、l inform the clients immediately and offer to withdraw from the assignment.在完成一項(xiàng)工作的過程中,如果口譯員和筆譯員發(fā)現(xiàn)工作所要求的專業(yè)水平明顯超過了其應(yīng)勝任能力,他們必須立即通知客戶并提出退出工作。 c) Prior Preparation前期準(zhǔn)備Interpreters and translators shall ascertain
43、60;beforehand what will be required of them in a projected assignment, and then make the necessary preparation.口譯員和筆譯員必須事先確定在預(yù)計(jì)完成的工作所要求的事項(xiàng),然后做好必要的準(zhǔn)備。 d) Second Opinions and Reviews他人意見和審校Any
44、;alterations made to interpreting and translation work, as a result of a second opinion and/or review by other interpreters or translators, shall be agreed upon by consul
45、tation between the interpreters and translators concerned.由第二方意見和/或其他譯員造成的譯員的工作變更,都應(yīng)該經(jīng)過譯員的商討。 4. IMPARTIALITY公正性 a) Conflicts of Interest利益沖突i. Interpreters and translators shall not recommend to clie
46、nts any business, agency, process, substance or material matters in which they have a personal or financial interest, without fully disclosing this interest to the clients.口譯員
47、和筆譯員不得向客戶推薦任何其在其中擁有個人或金錢利益的業(yè)務(wù)、機(jī)構(gòu)、程序、物質(zhì)或重大事項(xiàng),除非已將該等利益向客戶做出了全面披露。ii. Interpreters and translators shall frankly disclose all conflicts of interest, including assignments for relatives or friends, and those a
48、ffecting their employers.口譯員和筆譯員須坦率地翻譯所有利益沖突,包括為親友完成的工作和那些會影響其雇主的沖突。iii. Interpreters and translators shall not accept, or shall withdraw from assignments in which impartiality may be difficult to
49、0;maintain because of personal beliefs or circumstances.如果因?yàn)閭€人信仰和環(huán)境很難保證工作的公正性,口譯員和筆譯員不得接受該等工作或須從中退出。 b) Objectivity客觀性i. A professional detachment is required for interpreting and translation assignments i
50、n all situations.在所有情況下對于口譯和筆譯工作都要求專業(yè)獨(dú)立性。ii. If objectivity is threatened, interpreters and translators shall withdraw from the assignment.如果無法確保客觀性, 口譯員和筆譯員必須從工作中退出。 c) Responsibility related to Impa
51、rtiality與公正性相關(guān)的責(zé)任i. Interpreters and translators are not responsible for what clients say or write.口譯員和筆譯員不對客戶所說或所寫之內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。ii. Interpreters and translators shall not voice or write an opinion,
52、 solicited or unsolicited, on any matter or person in relation to an assignment.口譯員和筆譯員不得就任何與工作有關(guān)的事項(xiàng)和人員被動或主動發(fā)表口頭和書面意見。iii If approached independently by separate parties to the same leg
53、al dispute, an interpreter or translator shall notify all parties and give the first party opportunity to claim exclusive right to the requested interpreting or translation
54、60;service.如果在同一法律糾紛中各方均分別邀請其為其提供服務(wù),口譯員和筆譯員須告知各方并向第一時間提出要求的一方提供口譯或筆譯服務(wù)。5. ACCURACY精準(zhǔn)性 a) Truth and Completeness忠實(shí)和完整i. In order to ensure the same access to all that is said by all parties involv
55、ed in a meeting, interpreters shall relay accurately and completely everything that is said.為了確保會議中所涉及各方對相互所述之內(nèi)容的知情權(quán),口譯員須精準(zhǔn)而完整地翻譯所述的所有內(nèi)容。ii. Interpreters shall convey the whole message, including
56、;derogatory or vulgar remarks, as well as non-verbal clues.口譯員須傳達(dá)全面的信息,包括貶損性信息或粗俗的言論以及非語言性提示。iii. If patent untruths are uttered or written, interpreters and translators shall convey these a
57、ccurately as presented.如果出現(xiàn)明顯的口頭或書面不實(shí)信息,口譯員和筆譯員應(yīng)照其原樣精準(zhǔn)地翻譯。iv. Interpreters and translators shall not alter, make additions to, or omit anything from their assigned work.口譯員和筆譯員不得更改、添加或省略其翻譯工作中的任何內(nèi)容。b) Unce
58、rtainties in Transmission and Comprehension傳遞與理解中的不確定性i. Interpreters and translators shall acknowledge and promptly rectify their interpreting and translation mistakes.口譯員和筆譯員必須承認(rèn)并立即改正其口譯和筆譯錯誤。ii. If anyt
59、hing is unclear, interpreters and translators shall ask for repetition, rephrasing or explanation.如果任何內(nèi)容不清楚,口譯員和筆譯員必須要求對方重復(fù)、換種說法或是解釋。iii. If recall and interpreting are being overtaxed, interpreters
60、160;shall ask the speaker to pause, then signal to continue.如果記憶和口譯負(fù)擔(dān)太大,口譯員應(yīng)要求講話者適當(dāng)暫停,然后示意繼續(xù)。 c) Clear Transmission清楚地傳達(dá)i. Interpreters shall ensure that speech is clearly heard and understo
61、od by everyone present.口譯員須確保講話內(nèi)容為在場各方清楚地聽到并理解。ii. A short general conversation with clients prior to an assignment may be necessary to ensure interpreter and clients clearly understand
62、 each others speech.在進(jìn)行工作之前與客戶做簡短的一般性溝通有助于確??谧g員與客戶可以清楚地理解相互的講話內(nèi)容。iii. In a law court, simultaneous interpreting for clients shall be whispered.法庭上的同聲傳譯服務(wù)必須以耳語形式向客戶提供。d) Certification 資格證明Translators shall provi
63、de certification, if requested by their clients, that their translation is true and accurate so far as they know. Certification shall include the translators name, details
64、0;of NAATI accreditation/recognition, language and language direction, and be signed and dated.如果客戶有要求,筆譯員應(yīng)該出示資格證明,以證明在其知道的范圍內(nèi),他們的筆譯是真實(shí)且精準(zhǔn)的。資格證明應(yīng)包括筆譯員的姓名、NAATI鑒定合格或認(rèn)可的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容、語種和語言翻譯方向、簽名和日期。 6. EMPLOYMENT執(zhí)業(yè) a) Freelance
65、160;and Agency-employed Practitioners自由職業(yè)者和受雇于機(jī)構(gòu)的從業(yè)者i. Interpreters and translators may work in interpreting and translation assignments as independent (freelance) professionals, or under contract to&
66、#160;a commercial or government agency.口譯員和筆譯員可能以獨(dú)立的自由職業(yè)專業(yè)人士身份或與商業(yè)或政府機(jī)構(gòu)簽署合同從事口譯和筆譯工作。ii. In both instances, freelance and employed interpreters and translators shall abide by the AUSIT Code of Et
67、hics.在這兩種情況下,自由職業(yè)和受雇的口譯員和筆譯員均須遵守澳大利亞翻譯協(xié)會道德守則。iii. If this Code of Ethics and an employing agencys directions are in conflict, interpreters and translators shall abide by the Code of Eth
68、ics and, if necessary, withdraw from the assignment.如果該道德守則與一家雇傭機(jī)構(gòu)的指導(dǎo)方針相沖突,口譯員和筆譯員均須遵守道德守則,并在必要時退出工作。 b) Fees and Payment in Kind收費(fèi)和以實(shí)物付款i. Members are free to set their own rates and c
69、onditions. AUSIT may provide information on ranges of rates charged by members.會員可自由設(shè)置自己的費(fèi)率和條件。澳大利亞翻譯協(xié)會可能會提供會員的收費(fèi)范圍。ii. Interpreters and translators shall not accept for personal gain any fe
70、es, favours, commissions or the like from any person, firm, corporation or government agency, including another interpreter or translator, in connection with recommending to a
71、;client any person, business agency, substance, material matters, process or service.口譯員和筆譯員不得為了個人利益從包括另一口譯員或筆譯員在內(nèi)的任何個人、公司、法人機(jī)構(gòu)或政府機(jī)構(gòu)就向客戶推薦任何個人、業(yè)務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)、物質(zhì)、重大事項(xiàng)、程序或服務(wù)收受任何費(fèi)用、贈品、傭金和類似財(cái)物。iii. In general, gifts and tips in a
72、ddition to the agreed fee shall not be accepted. However, some discretionary latitude may be exercised in accepting a gift as a token of gratitude, as this is o
73、bligatory in certain client cultures.一般而言,不能收受正常收費(fèi)之外的禮物和小費(fèi)。但是出于特定的客戶文化背景之要求,可酌情予考慮接受代表謝意的禮物。 c) Accountability責(zé)任心i. Interpreters and translators shall be responsible for any services to or on behalf o
74、f clients by assistants or sub-contractors employed by the interpreters or translators.口譯員和筆譯員須對自己所雇用的助手或分包商向客戶或代表客戶提供的任何服務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)。ii. Interpreters and translators in the employment of another practitioner
75、 or interpreting and translation agency shall exercise the same diligence as in all professional contexts in the performance of their duties.受雇于另一從業(yè)者或口譯和筆譯機(jī)構(gòu)的口譯員和筆譯員在履行自己職責(zé)時須盡到如在所有職業(yè)環(huán)境下履職相同的努力。7.
76、 PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT職業(yè)發(fā)展 a) Maintaining Skills保持技能i. Interpreters and translators shall constantly review and re-evaluate their work performance to maintain acceptable standards.口譯員和筆譯員須不斷地審校和重新評
77、估其工作績效以維持可接受的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。ii. Practising interpreters and translators are expected to maintain and enhance their language skills by pursuing further relevant study and experience.從業(yè)的口譯員和筆譯員必須通過進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的相關(guān)學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)踐來維
78、持和提高其語言技能。iii. Interpreters and translators shall maintain close familiarity with the languages and cultures for which they offer professional interpreting and translation expertise.口譯和筆譯專門技藝所針對之
79、語言和文化保持相當(dāng)?shù)氖煜こ潭取. Interpreters and translators shall continually endeavour to improve their interpreting and translating skills.口譯員和筆譯員必須不斷地致力于提高其口譯和翻譯技藝。 b) Training and Practice培訓(xùn)和練習(xí)ii. It is incumb
80、ent on interpreters and translators to support and encourage the professional development of their colleagues.口譯員和筆譯員須義不容辭地支持和鼓勵其同事的職業(yè)發(fā)展。 8. PROFESSIONAL SOLIDARITY業(yè)內(nèi)團(tuán)結(jié)a) Support of Colleagues同行支持i.
81、160;Interpreters and translators shall support and further the interests of the profession and their colleagues and offer each other reasonable assistance as required.口譯員和筆譯員須支持并促進(jìn)翻譯行業(yè)和同行的利益
82、,并在需要時相互提供合理的幫助。 ii. Interpreters and translators shall refrain from making comments injurious to the reputation of a colleague.口譯員和筆譯員不得作出有損于同行聲譽(yù)的評論。b) Trust and Respect信任與尊重 i. Interpreters
83、0;and translators shall promote and enhance the integrity of the profession by fostering trust and mutual respect between colleagues.口譯員和筆譯員應(yīng)該通過培養(yǎng)信任和相互尊重促進(jìn)并加強(qiáng)業(yè)內(nèi)團(tuán)結(jié)。 ii. Any differences of
84、0;opinion interpreters and translators shall be expressed with candour and respect, rather than by denigration.口譯員和筆譯員之間的任何不同意見應(yīng)該以坦率、尊重而不是詆毀的態(tài)度表達(dá)。 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES TO THE CODE OF PRACTIC
85、E從業(yè)準(zhǔn)則的增補(bǔ)備注 Some useful suggestions follow which do not fit neatly into the Code of Practice, but which may help explain some clauses.以下一些有用的建議不是完全符合從業(yè)準(zhǔn)則,但可以幫助解釋一些條款1. PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT職業(yè)操守 To determine the appropriateness or otherwise of a proposed course of action, consider whether or no
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