BEC高級沖刺真題2及答案

1、BEC高級沖刺真題（二）Reading 1 hourPART ONEQuestions 1 8l Look at the sentences below and at the five extracts from a book about staff appraisals and feedback on the opposite page .l Which new item (A, B, C ,D or E) dose each statement 1 8 refer to ?l For each statement 1 8 , make one letter(A, B, C ,D or E)

2、 on your Answer Sheet .l You will need to use some of these letters more than once .Example :0 Someone has left a competitor to join this company.0A B C D E1 Genuine feedback would release resources to be used elsewhere.2 Managers are expected to enable their staff to work effectively.3 Experts are

3、unlikely to facilitate a move to genuine feedback.4 There are benefits when methods of evaluating performance have been negotiated.5 Appraisals tend to focus on the nature of the face-to-face relationship between employees and their line managers.6 The idea that employees are responsible for what th

4、ey do seems reasonable.7 Despite experts assertion, management structures prevent genuine feedback8 An increasing amount of effort is being dedicated to the appraisal process.APerformance appraisal is on the up and up. It used to represent the one time of year when getting on with the work was put o

5、n hold while enormous quantities of management hours were spent in the earnest ritual of rating and ranking performance. Now the practice is even more frequent. This of course makes it all the more important how appraisal is conducted. Human resources professionals claim that managers should strive

6、for objectivity and thus for feedback rather than judgement. But the simple fact of the matter is that the nature of hierarchy distorts the concept of feedback because performance measure are conceived hierarchically. Unfortunately, all too many workers suffer from the injustices that this generates

7、.BThe notion behind performance appraisal- that workers should be held accountable for their performance-is plausible. However, the evidence suggests that the premise is wrong. Contrary to assumptions appraisal is not an effective means of performance improvement- it is judgement imposed rather than

8、 feedback, a judgement imposed by the hierarchy. Useful feedback , on the other hand, would be information that told both the manager and worker how well the work system functioned, and suggested ways to make it better.CWithin the production system at the car manufacturer Toyota, there is nothing th

9、at is recognizable as performance appraisal. Every operation in the system has an associated measure. The measure has been worked out between the operators and their manager. In every case, the measure is related to the purpose of the work. That measure is the basis of feedback to the manager and wo

10、rker alike. Toyotas basic idea is expressed in the axiom “bad news first” . Both managers and workers are psychologically safe in the knowledge that it is the system- not the worker that is the primary influence on performance. It is managements responsibility to ensure that the workers operate in a

11、 system that facilitates their performance.DIn many companies , performance appraisal springs from misguided as assumptions. To judge achievement, managers use date about each workers activity, not an evaluation of the process or systems achievement of purpose. The result is that performance apprais

12、al involves managers judgement overruling their staffs, ignoring the true influences on performance. Thus the appraisal experience becomes a question of pleasing the boss, particularly in meetings, which is psychologically unsafe and socially driven, determining who is “in” and who is “ out”.EWhen j

13、udgement is replaced by feedback in the true sense, organizations will have a lot more time to devote to their customers and their business. No time will be wasted in appraisal . This requires a fundamental shift in the way we think about the organization of performance appraisals, which almost cert

14、ainly will not be forthcoming from the human resources profession.PART TWOQuestions9 14l Read the text , which describes the experience of a company that has made big changes in its office procedures l Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.l For each gap 9 14, mark

15、 one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.l Do not use any letter more than once.l There is an example at the beginning.(0)Beyond paperworkThe Danish electronics manufacturer, Oticon, is a leader in the move towards the paperless office, In their cafeteria a huge glass pipe runs from ceiling to floor.

16、When the mail comes in, it is immediately scanned into the computer, shredded, and thrown down the tube to the general cheers of the employees. (0) Having all mail and memos available only as computer files to be read on the screen makes it easy to dispense with large physical storage spaces for peo

17、ple who work at desks (9)Changing over to the paperless office required a rapid increase in computer literacy, but rather than set up a corporate training programme they turned the problem over to employees. Eight months before the system was installed , they offered each employee a powerful persona

18、l computer for use at home in exchange for training themselves to use it. (10)The big change was not the move from paper memos to computer messages. Oticon realised that the more radical transformation is from written to verbal communication.(11) that adds up to a large number of face-to-face exchan

19、ges, a big improvement over memos and the occasional multi-hour sit-down consultation typical of the old culture. People do not send each other memos, they talk. As the CEO puts it, “ We have jumped through the memo wall and gone right to action.”O(jiān)n the eighth of August 1991 , the company left their

20、 old wood-panelled offices .(12) Since then they have cut in half the “ time to market” on new products. The following year, sales and profits grew more than ever before. (13) in fact, despite a downsizing of 15 per cent employee satisfaction is hitting record highs.Oticon has created an organizatio

21、nal pattern that supports great freedom iof action for individuals and terms. They have tied it together with a minimum hierarchy. The first clear results to show up were in the greater efficiencies generated by the fact that less time needed to be spent on management activities . (14) they also hav

22、e some investment in the success of the project they choose. Oticon has succeeded in breaking the mould mould and taking a lead in non-bureaucratic organizational design.Example :0A B C D E F G HA This saving was possible because when people have real choice in the nature of their jobs, they commit

23、themselves to being responsible for their areas of choice.B They were headed for a new building and a new era in communication.C Instead, they have large private areas on their hard disks for their correspondence.D In spite of this, the physical office layout at Oticon is one of its most charming fe

24、atures.E Over 90 per cent accepted , and they organized a club to help one another learn.F To facilitate this, the on-site coffee bars have now become the venue for about twenty meetings a day, averaging ten minutes and 2.7 participants each.G So, are people happy with the change”H Only about ten do

25、cuments a day, items like legal contracts, escape this treatment.PART THREEQuestions 15 20Read the following article about the development of the knowledge economy and the questions on the opposite page .For each question 15 20 , mark one letter (A, B, C or D ) on your Answer Sheet for the answer yo

26、u choose. There have long been markets in tin, cocoa, silver and the like. There used to be security in thinking that somewhere there was a product, something you could touch and see. Now there are new markets in abstractions, trade in ideas and knowledge. Everyone has knowledge but there used to be

27、 no way t o trade it -except through jobs. That simple fact of economic life was the basis for white collar employment for centuries. The whole job culture grew up because there was no alternative way to sell knowledge , other then the worker or manager providing, for a fixed price, his or her knowl

28、edge to an employer to own or control. The quantity of knowledge provided has typically been measured in time.But today we stand at the thresh-old of a new era. The information economy has matured and become smarter. According to many business commentators, we are now living in a knowledge economy .

29、 There has always been a market for knowledge , of course. The publishing industry is based on it. But today the internet is making the distribution of knowledge ever easier. The days when the publisher decided what got published are over. Anyone with a Pc and a modem can talk to the world. This is

30、reducing the friction in the knowledge economy.Everyone has knowledge of whatever industry she or he is in. say you are a computer dealer, for example. Over the years your have complied a list of the ten best lowest price places to buy wholesale computer equipment. Now you can sell your knowledge to

31、 newer, younger computer dealers who have no way to build up this knowledge without losing thousands of pounds finding it out the hard way. Until now, such knowledge remained securely locked in the recipients head ,accumulated and then worthlessly withered away. This no longer needs to be the case.

32、Such knowledge can be sold via websites.Knowledge has a distinct advantage in todays marketplace. Its a renewable resource. Better yet, its worth actually increases, . “knowledge is the only asset that grows with use. “ observes Scanford University Professor Paul Romer. But what exactly is knowledge

33、 and how can it be packaged to trade on an open market” “ knowledge is experiential information, intelligence applied thorough and gained from experience.” Say Josenph Pine and James Gilmore in their book The Experience Economy.The value of knowledge often depends on variables such as time and the c

34、redibility of the seller.Certian knowledge may have a very limited shelf life. In sights concerning how to set up an internet business in one country, might be worth a fortune on one day and nothing the next , depending on changes in government policy. Markets in knowledge will be significance for o

35、ne thing. They represent one of the most original uses of the web technology. In some corner of the globe there is a company wanting to source plastic widgets from Poland, and somewhere else another company that wishes to set up a plastics factory there. Its simply a case of connecting the two.I is

36、a good example of a knowledge trader. It is targeted at food service managers throughout the hospitality industry. “we started with the context rather than extracting money from suppliers. “ explains founder Mike Day. “ we offer food service professionals interactive support to increase sales and pr

37、ofits. People dont want another one-dimensional site full of advertising that doesnt help them to do their job more effectively . it has to be customised offering real solutions to real problems. “ the sites features include access to online training and a tariff tracker to restaurants can check pri

38、ces throughout the sector.15. what point is made in the first paragraph?A Interest in commodity markets has decreased.B Overall levels of expertise have improved.C Opportunities to exploit your knowledge were limited in the pastD External market forces have meant knowledge is underpriced.16 what are

39、 we told about the current impact of the internet in the second paragraph?A publishers benefit from their exploitation of the internet.B the internet has made it easier to analyse business trends.C It is difficult to calculate the true economic value of the internet.D the internet facilitates the de

40、velopment of the knowledge economy.17 In the third paragraph, what does the writer say about knowledge?A Acquiring knowledge can be expensiveB The most valuable knowledge concerns ITC Trading knowledge raises issues of security.D New businesses find it hard to trade in knowledge.18. What point is ma

41、de about knowledge in the fourth paragraph? A It provides specialist informationB Its appeal lies in its exclusivityC it can generate new ideasD Its value accumulates.19 which application of knowledge does the writer regard as particularly useful? A analyzing manufacturing trendsB introducing compat

42、ible partiesC interpreting time constraintsD advising on legislation20 what key feature is provided by I?A approaches that reflect the providers own experienceB access to appropriately trained potential employees.C advice which directly benefits the bottom lineD advertising which is carefully target

43、edPART FOUR Questions 21 -30l Read the text below about the improved performance of a car company.l Choose the best word to fill each gap from (A, B, C or D) on the opposite page.l For each question 21-30,mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.l There is an example at the beginning, (0)

44、lImproved performance at Carter& SonsThere was good news in Carter & Sons annual (0) yesterday. Three years of restructuring (21) in an upbeat statement from the company in advance of the official announcement of its interim (22) due early in August. The chairman, David Carter, reported a “

45、strong start to the year”, which, although helped by a rather weak (23) period last year, highlighted the logic of refocusing the group on growth sectors. Three years ago the company (24) a review of all its operations in view of the serious financial difficulties that it was (25) As a result of thi

46、s, its car (26) business was sold to an American group, and its car sales and repair divisions were (27) down so as to allow the company to (28) on the sale of vans and heavy goods vehicles. Three new showrooms have been opened in the UK and Ireland , and the sales (29) has more than doubled in the

47、last two years. Growth in business across the group has gone up by almost 12 per cent in the first half of the year. This should reassure investors that Carter & Sons is now on (30) to deliver increased earning in the years ahead. Example :A report B Notice C account D information0A B C D 21 A t

48、erminatedB culminatedC accomplishedD completed22 A economicsB finances C outcomes D results23 A relativeB alikeC comparativeD equivalent24 A commissioned B assignedC delegatedD appointed25 A dealingB facing C undertaking D withstanding26 A additionsB extras C accessoriesD supplements27 A scaled B ma

49、rkedC slowed D put28 A emphasiseB concentrateC specializeD strengthen29 A bonusB packc forceD band30 A wayB pathC roadD trackPART FIVEQuestions31-40l Read the article below about changing your careerl For each question 31-40, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet .l There is an exam

50、ple at the beginning, (0) . Time for a new career“l(fā)osing your job isnt the end of the world: it gives youre the chance the a new beginning (0) says Caroline Poole, 30, Who was made redundant (31) her role as head of marketing campaigns with an insurance group two years ago. The news was a blow, espe

51、cially after a successful nine-year career with the business, but she was determined to see redundancy (32) a positive force for change.(33) it seemed a tough lesson at the time, redundancy was the catalyst that redirected my career, “ says Caroline “It gave me the break I needed to understand (34)

52、my career objectives lay.”Working with a consultant, Caroline explored a number of work options that oppealed to her. She also took advantage of workshops on issues (35) as setting up your own business, and managing your finances. A key consideration for her was (36) easy it would be to balance work

53、ing in London with home life 100 kilometers away.She was encouraged to network (37) other marketing professionals and via this route made contact with a communications agency. She took time out to go travelling , and on her return was offered a role in the agency. (38) was proof to her that she stil

54、l had marketable skills.Two years (39) from redundancy, Caroline is planning another career break . “ The experience of redundancy has made me view my options with more confidence. I now know that I can dictate my own career path, even (40) it were to mean resigning first and then taking time to fin

55、d the right direction” she says.Part SixQuestions41 - 52l Read the text below about a learning schemel In most of the lines 41 - 52 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect of does not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines, however,are correct .l If a line is correct, wr

56、ite CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.l If there is an extra word in the line ,write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet .l The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00) . Learn your lesson0 Almost all schemes which claim to be able to transform /25 into / 175 overnight00 are sca

57、ms, to be put straight into the dustbin. The exception, however, it may41 be a little-known new initiative from the government which also effectively does42 just that. The Individual Learning Account scheme is by the latest government43 scheme to persuade us of the value of whole life-long learning.

58、 The first million44 people to apply and there appears to be a long way to go before this limit is 45 reached-are eligible for a /150 grant towards the costs of studying ,but provided46 that they contribute at least / 25 of their own money . Even the offer covers47 training courses which are obviously work-relat