中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)數(shù)詞

1、2017中考專題復(fù)習(xí)數(shù)詞1. 近幾年中考對(duì)數(shù)詞的考查主要是對(duì)基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及其用法上。日期、時(shí)間和分?jǐn)?shù)也是中考考查的考點(diǎn)。題型將以選擇題、詞匯運(yùn)用和完形填空為主。2. 數(shù)詞考查往往與其他知識(shí)點(diǎn)考查結(jié)合進(jìn)行,如主謂一致等。3. 預(yù)計(jì)2017對(duì)數(shù)詞的考查重點(diǎn)仍然是基數(shù)詞確數(shù)和概數(shù)的區(qū)分以及序數(shù)詞拼寫和應(yīng)用。一、 數(shù)詞概述表示數(shù)目多少或是順序先后的詞叫數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。二、 基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目多少的詞是基數(shù)詞。1. 最基本的數(shù)詞:120:one;two;three;four;five;six;seven;eight;nine;ten;eleven;twelve;thirteen;fou

2、rteen;fifteen;sixteen;seventeen;eighteen;nineteen;twenty;30 thirty;40 forty;50 fifty;60 sixty;70 seventy;80 eighty;90 ninety;100 a hundred;1000 a thousand;1000000 a million;1000000000 a billion2. 基數(shù)詞112是獨(dú)立單詞,所以我們必須逐個(gè)記憶。基數(shù)詞1319是個(gè)位數(shù)詞的詞干后加teen構(gòu)成。其中thirteen,fifteen,eighteen變化不規(guī)則?；鶖?shù)詞2090是在十位數(shù)詞后面加ty構(gòu)成?；鶖?shù)詞

3、2199是在十位數(shù)詞后面加個(gè)位數(shù)詞合成,中間加上連字符號(hào)“-”。如:21 twenty-one;83 eighty-three3. 基數(shù)詞101999,先說“幾百”,再加and,再加末尾兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù),基數(shù)詞三位以上的數(shù)詞,在百位與十位之間,一般要加連詞“and”。4. 英語中沒有“萬”和“億”,萬也用thousand來表示,億也用million來表示,按十進(jìn)位來推算。如:10000 ten thousand100000000 a hundred million67876 sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and seventy-six5. 在dozen,s

4、core,hundred,million,billion前如果有具體數(shù)字,它們不能加“s”;反之則須加“s”表示不確切的數(shù)量。如:two hundred people;thousands of people。三、 基數(shù)詞的用法1. 編號(hào)的事物用基數(shù)詞Number 1 第1號(hào) Page 11 第11頁 Lesson 28 第28課 Room 123 第123號(hào)房間案例(2016· 四川宜賓·1分)In this test,were asked to write a passage of about . A. 80-wordsB. 80-word C. 80 word

5、sD. 80 words (2013·廣東·29·1分)Excuse me,sir. Heres a package for Lin Tao. Which room does he live in? . A. 308 RoomB. Room 308 C. The Room 308D. The 308 Room2. 年、月、日的表達(dá)順序通常是月、日、年,也可以是日、月、年,其中年份用基數(shù)詞,日期用序數(shù)詞。如: 1988年6月24日:June 24th,1988或24th June,19883. 時(shí)刻的表達(dá)用基數(shù)詞。如: Its six oclock. 現(xiàn)在

6、是六點(diǎn)鐘。4. 表示倍數(shù)用基數(shù)詞。如: Two times two is four. 二乘以二等于四。5. 加減乘除的數(shù)字用基數(shù)詞。如: One plus one is two. 一加一等于二。6. 百分?jǐn)?shù)用基數(shù)詞表示,百分號(hào)%讀作percent。如: 20%讀作twenty percent7. 分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá),分子須用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,分子如果大于一,分母須用復(fù)數(shù)形式。整數(shù)與分?jǐn)?shù)之間須用and連接。如: Two thirds of the students are boys in our class.我們班三分之二是男生。五又四分之三 讀作 five and three fourths案例(

7、2016·四川宜賓·1分)David Beckham has children. Brooklyn Beckham is his son. A. third;firstB. three;one C. three;firstD. third;one 8. 小數(shù)用基數(shù)表示,小數(shù)點(diǎn)前的整數(shù)按基數(shù)詞的規(guī)則表示,小數(shù)點(diǎn)寫作point,小數(shù)點(diǎn)后的數(shù)字應(yīng)將數(shù)字直接表示出來。如: 1.23讀作one point two three9. 基數(shù)詞在句子中主要作定語、主語、賓語或介詞賓語、表語等。I have two books. 我有兩本書。(定語)Two of the girls

8、are from Beijing.姑娘中有兩個(gè)來自北京。(主語)I want two. 我要兩個(gè)。(賓語)He is four. 他四歲。(表語)10. 數(shù)詞+名詞(+形容詞)作定語,名詞用單數(shù)形式。如:a 35-year-old lady一位35歲的女士11. 兩組與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的介詞短語:(1)in+定冠詞+數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示年代。如: in the 1970s或 1970s20世紀(jì)70年代(2)in+物主代詞+數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示某人的年齡。如: in ones twenties二十幾歲有時(shí)在物主代詞的后面可加上形容詞early或late使其含義更確切些。如:The young lady

9、is at most at her early thirties.那位年輕女士最多三十出頭。案例(2016·福建福州·1分)In his ,Wilson returned to his hometown and began to teach. A. thirtyB. thirties C. thirtieth四、 序數(shù)詞用法1. 表示數(shù)目順序的詞叫序數(shù)詞。first 第一;second 第二;third 第三;fourth 第四;fifth 第五;sixth 第六;seventh 第七;eighth 第八;ninth 第九;tenth 第十;eleventh 第十

10、一;twelfth 第十二;thirteenth 第十三;nineteenth 第十九;twentieth 第二十;thirtieth 第三十;fortieth 第四十;fifty-first 第五十一;sixty-second 第六十二;eighty-third 第八十三;ninety-fourth 第九十四2. 序數(shù)詞119除第一,第二,第三,第五,第八,第九,第十二變化不規(guī)則外,其余均在基數(shù)詞后面加上th。3. 十位整數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是將十位整數(shù)基數(shù)詞的詞尾y變成i再加eth。4. 幾十幾的序數(shù)詞,只是把個(gè)位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞,十位數(shù)不變。5. 序數(shù)詞主要用作定語,表語。前面要加定冠詞th

11、e。如:We live on the fourth floor. 我們住四樓。Who was the third?誰是第三名?五、 基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞助記歌基變序,有規(guī)律,末尾加上th;一,二,三特殊記,八加h,九去e,ve要用f替;以y結(jié)尾變ie,后跟th莫忘記;若想表示幾十幾,只變個(gè)位就可以。特殊:onefirst,twosecond,threethird,fivefifth,nineninth,twelvetwelfth,fortyfortieth,eighty-nineeighty-ninth復(fù)習(xí)分?jǐn)?shù)表示法時(shí),應(yīng)記住:分子基數(shù)分母序,二者單復(fù)要一致,如果遇到假分?jǐn)?shù),and將其連一起。案例(

12、2016·山東聊城·1)Christmas Day is on of December. A. twenty-fiveB. the twenty-five C. twenty-fifthD. the twenty-fifth (2016·貴州黔西南·15·1分)Which is the biggest number of the four? .  A. One thirdB. Two thirds C. A halfD. A quarter 六、 數(shù)詞的讀法從后往前數(shù),每隔三位加一逗號(hào);第一個(gè)三位前讀thousand,第二個(gè)

13、三位前讀million,第三個(gè)三位前讀billion。年代的讀法是兩位數(shù)的讀法。七、 確數(shù)和概數(shù)(略數(shù))的表達(dá)法數(shù)詞+hundred/thousand/million/billion+名詞復(fù)數(shù);hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)。如:We can see millions of stars at night.There are two hundred students in our grade. 我們年級(jí)有兩百個(gè)學(xué)生。案例(2016·山東東營·24)When he arrived at the airport,Lee M

14、inho found that fans were waiting for him there. A. hundredB. hundreds C. hundred ofD. hundreds of八、 與冠詞的關(guān)系1. 序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the,但是基數(shù)詞前不加冠詞。如:Its the first time that I came here.這是我第一次來這兒。2. a/an+序數(shù)詞,表示“又一,再一”。如:Im still hungry. Could I have a second cake?3. of the+基數(shù)詞,表示“范圍”。如:Tom is the tallest of

15、the three.湯姆是這三個(gè)人當(dāng)中最高的。案例(2016·山東萊蕪 ·62)Brazil will hold the (twenty) FIFA World Cup on June 12th,2016. 【解析】本題考查序數(shù)詞的用法。由句中的定冠詞the判斷,此處應(yīng)該用序數(shù)詞?！敬鸢浮?twentieth例1序數(shù)詞的使用。(2016·天津·1分) month of the year is May. A. TwoB. The second C. FiveD. The fifth 例2基數(shù)詞的使用。(2016·江蘇模擬

16、83;1分)We dont have enough nurses to look after the patients. At least are needed. A. ten another nursesB. more ten nurses C. other ten nursesD. another ten nurses例3基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的區(qū)別。(2016·江蘇泰州·12)About of the earth covered with water,but we have less and less available fresh water. A. t

17、hree-fourth;isB. three-fourths;is C. three-fourth;areD. three-fourths;are例4確數(shù)和概數(shù)的區(qū)分。(2016·江蘇模擬·1分)Every year people in the USA lose their jobs. A. many millionsB. millions of C. millionsD. two millions一、 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. (2016·江蘇揚(yáng)州·55·1分)Two (five) of the students have rea

18、d the bookAlice in Wonderland.  2. (2016·江蘇徐州·49·1分)Jane would like to live on the (three) floor.  3. (2016·江蘇鹽城·64·1分)Wang Yaping,Chinas (two) woman astronaut,gave us students a lesson about space science last year. 4. (2013· 江蘇南京· 55· 1分)

19、The Eiffel Tower,a cultural icon of France,was completed at the end of the (nineteen) century.  5. (2013·江蘇鹽城·61·1分)World Environment Day is on the (five) of June.  6. (2013·貴州畢節(jié)·62·1分)This is Toms (第四) time to Beijing.  7. (2013· 江蘇泰州· 8·1

20、分)We organized a lot of activities to celebrate our schools (fifty) birthday last month.  8. (2013·甘肅白銀·23·1分)I need to go to the library,and if I post the letter on the way,Ill be killing two birds with (first) stone. 9. (2013·江蘇常州·46·1分)Excuse me,how far is

21、the museum?Only (三) stops away.  10. (2013·江蘇連云港·46·1分)Its said the game Angry Birds has been downloaded (百萬) of times.  二、 單項(xiàng)選擇1. (2016·山東濟(jì)南·42)This is Tonys visit to Jinan. He has been here once before. A. firstB. secondC. twoD. one2. (2016· 湖北鄂州·2

22、8)Have you seen the CCTV news on TV?Yes, children had a good festival on the childrens Day. A. millions of;sixtyB. ten million;sixty C. millions of;sixtiethD. ten millions;sixtieth3. (2016·廣東·29)Its never too old to learn. Karl Marx began to learn English in his . A. the fiftieth

23、B. fiftiethC. fiftyD. fifties4. Good news!We will have a holiday. Ive heard of it. But its coming in . A. three days;three days time B. three days;three daysC. three-day;three days D. three days;three day time5. Wang Yaping will become Chinas woman astronaut into space after Liu Yang. A. t

24、woB. secondC. the second6. Each of us has to write a report every two weeks.  A. two-hundred-wordB. two-hundreds-word C. two-hundreds-wordsD. two-hundred-words7. To many foreigners,Guangzhou has become their hometown. A. twoB. secondC. the second8. The boy stayed in the library for every day. A. one and half hourB. one and a half hour C. one hour and a half hourD. one hour a