人教版高中英語必修5單元檢測試題Unit1Greatscientists(含解析)

1、Unit 1 Great Scientists單元檢測i .閱讀理解AMy momtakes pride in the fact that I was talking in three and four word sentences before I was ten months old. Some say it ' s a gift while others simply think I talk too much.As my thirties came to a close, I found myself reflecting on my life. I' m veryha

2、ppy and have no significant sadness or disappointment. However, when I looked back on those times of difficulty, I sawa clear common denominator（ 特征）：I didn ' t seemto know when to stop talking. Whether it was hurting someone' s feelings, or havingcarelessly told a secret, the incident could

3、 have been avoided, had I closed my mouth sooner. So I decided to practice the power of quiet.To take this step, I needed to understand how people could sit comfortably in a group and not talk. Why does my husband feel completely content to say nothing in a conversation? He ' s highly intelligen

4、t and has wonderful opinions but he' ll sitquietly and just listen. Even when he' s asked a pointed question, he' ll answer with few words while still communicating effectively. What a talent!Can you imagine being happy just listening? In surveying those I know who talk less than I do, I

5、 got two answers they either didn ' t feel confident enough to speak up, or they just didn ' t feel the need to participate in the conversation. Of course there were other reasons for not talking, but these were the two most popular answers.The first one didn ' t work for me. I ' mju

6、st fine letting people know what I think about them, and hopefully it will make the conversation much more interesting. The second one didn ' t work either. I do feel the need to participate. I feel it physically like an electrical pulse through my body; sometimes it' s so strong that it cau

7、sesmeto behave badly in the form of interrupting or speaking in an unusually loud voice. I had to look further.An interesting thing happened on this journey to the power of quiet. During my weekly yoga class, it came to me like an answer so clear that the words rang in my head like soft, heavenly be

8、lls.I talked too much so people would know I cared about them. It was my way of taking care of those I love. I decided before myfortieth birthday, that from that day forward, those around me would know I loved them, and cared what they thought and felt, but I was going to practice the power of quiet

9、.As my forty-second birthday comes close, I can say that deciding to talk lesshas been more about centering on quality rather than quantity. I' ve found thatlistening more shows those who I care about that I really do care how they feel. Now when I break in, it means more to them. Oh, sure, I st

10、ill have my short periods of talking too much, but for the most part this has been one resolution that I can call a success.1. The writer was determined to practice the power of quiet because of.A.other people ' s criticismsB.her reflections on her past lifeC.her mother ' s adviceD.her age2.

11、 In Paragraph 3 the writer mentions her husband mainly.A.to show how one communicates effectivelyB.to explain the reason for his silence in a conversationC.to give her high opinion of his communication skillsD.to give an example of those who have the power of quiet3. By “I had to look further ” , th

12、e writer means she had to.A.look into the future in order to succeed in practicing the power of quietB.try harder to prevent herself from talking too muchC.find out other reasons why she should talk lessD.survey people in other areas who talk littleBThink about vitamin D when you ' re catching u

13、p on summer rays. It ' s sometimes called the “sunshine vitamin " because it ' s produced in your skin in response to sunlight. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble（月旨溶，性的）vitamin in a family of compounds thatincludes vitamins D-1, D-2, and D-3. It can affect as many as 2,000 genes in the body.Vi

14、tamin D has several important functions. Perhaps the most vital are regulating the absorption of calcium and phosphorous（磷）,and promoting normal immune systemfunction. Getting enough vitamin D is important for normal growth and development of bones and teeth, as well as improving resistance against

15、certain diseases.In addition to its primary benefits, research suggests that vitamin D may also play a role in: reducing your risk of multiple sclerosis（多發(fā)性硬化），according to a 2006 study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association decreasing your chance of developing heart disease, a

16、ccording to 2008 findingspublished in Circulation helping to reduce your possibility of developing the flu, according to 2010 research published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition regulating mood and warding off depression losing weight or preventing heart diseaseHow do you get it? Your b

17、ody produces vitamin D naturally when it is directly exposed to sunlight. A little can go a long way. All you need is 10 minutes a day of midday, pre-sunscreen sun exposure, especially if you have fair skin. Besides getting vitamin D through sunlight, you can also get it through certain foods and su

18、pplements to ensure adequate levels of the vitamin in your blood.4. Why is Vitamin D sometimes called“Sunshine Vitamin " ?A.Because it is produced in your skin reacting to sunlight.B.Because it is named a fat-soluble vitamin.C.Because it is produced with enough sunshine.D.Because it is like sun

19、shine in summer.5. How can a person ensure enough Vitamin D in his/ her body?A.He/ She could ask doctors for help.B.He/ She should walk a long way in the sunlight.C.He/ She should be exposed to sunlight for a long time.D.He/ She should get it through sunlight, foods and supplements.6. Which of the f

20、ollowing is NOT the function of Vitamin D?A.Preventing heart disease.C.Producing calcium and phosphorous.nervousness.7. Which is the best title of the passage?A.Vitamin D Family.C.Ways to get Vitamin Dn .完形填空閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。B.Helping the body grow normally.D.Decreasing anxiety a

21、ndB.Vitamin D, You Need It.D.A Good Medicine -Vitamin DB、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處I was doing a big clean-up recently and my kids were helping. One of my sons a knotted handkerchief with an old dark brown coin inside, which immediately me of another time.In 1991 , I had spent five months in Niger , a hot A

22、frican country. The climate and beggars were biggest and most 3 complaints. Street beggars would continually shout "Gift! Gift! ”O(jiān)ne day, a friend and I 4 for neighboring Burkina to work in a health clinic. Arriving by taxi at our destination ,we began to 5 . I had a large backpack and a smalle

23、r daypack. Out of the darkness, a motorbike with two men approached slowly. Without 6 ,one of the mengrabbed mydaypack as the motorbike swept close by. Within seconds ,they were 7 up by the night. The bag had my passport , money, and other things 8 to me. I was in deep trouble.In the weeks that foll

24、owed, I cautiously 9 the rest of myvaluables and regarded all 10 with suspicion. All I wanted was to leave this place. Then, walking through Burkina ' s streets one day , I met an old woman"Gift! Gift! ” she cried. I ' d hadenough! I was 11 of the country . Its poverty ,its thieves, and

25、 the heat, I told her 12 ,“I have no 'gift ' , I have no money. A thief stole all my moneytwo weeks ago and now I can' t get out of your country. I cannot give you 13. The beggar womanlistened attentively. Then she smiled 14 she reached into her dress.“Then I will give you a 15 ,“ she an

26、nounced. Kindly , she placed an old ,dark brown coin in my hand. I looked at it16 . It was small amount of money butfor this woman ,the coin represented a meal. In that moment ,I felt17 ,Thoughpoor, she was able to give me something priceless. I saw then the18 beauty ofthe people there and appreciat

27、ed deeply the quiet19 of the poor. I hope neverto part with the cion completely.1. A.came acrossout2. A.recalled3. A.consistentD.constant4. A.sent5. A.move6. A.warningshe gave me .B.sought forB.remindedB.instantB.wentB.unloadB.thinkingB.thinkingWith one small coin, sheC.fixed onC.informedC.urgentC.h

28、eadedC.runC.calling20 my beliefD.madeD.warnedD.calledD.workD.planning7. A.turnedB.disappearedC.swallowedD.come8. A.preciousB.expensiveC.variousD.serious9. A.buriedB.savedC.carriedD.guarded10. A.thievesB.localsC.beggarsD.women11. A.tiredB.scaredC.proudD.aware12. A.sadlyB.calmlyC.angrilyD.patiently13.

29、 A.nothingB.somethingC.everythingD.anything14. A.untilB.asC.whileD.after15. A.giftB.coinC.handD.favor16. A.with joyB.in angerC.with fearD.in shock17. A.proudB.ashamedC.gratefulD.disappointed18. A.specificB.availableC.unexpectedD.untouched19. A.raceB.respectC.originD.dignity20. A.heldB.createdC.chang

30、edD.ruinedm.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(醫(yī)學(xué)界) 1a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweig

31、ht and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as

32、 if is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their die

33、t.吃點心）Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack( between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health.參考筮集I .閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】本文為記敘文。作者記敘了自己從小就愛說

34、話，當(dāng)回顧自己的過去的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己因為不知道什么時候該停止，而傷害了別人的感情、泄露了秘密，而如果能早點閉 嘴，這些小事情本來是可以避免的，所以作者開始練習(xí)沉默并開始認真分析自己身上的問題。1. B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"However, when I looked back on those timesof difficulty, I saw a clearcommon denominator（ 特征）：I didn ' t seem to knowwhen to stop talking. Whether it was hurting someone'

35、; s feelings, or havingcarelessly told a secret, the incident could have been avoided, had I closed my mouth sooner. So I decided to practice the power of quiet.” 可知，當(dāng)作者回顧自己的過去的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己因為不知道什么時候該停止，而傷害了別人的感情、泄露了秘密，而如果能早點閉嘴，這些小事情本來是可以避免的，所以作者開始練習(xí)沉默。故選B。2. D【解析】推理判新題根據(jù)第三段的描述可知，作者在堂自己的丈夫做例子，自己的丈夫就是個3用有沉

36、 然力量的人能夠在對話中保持沉默、而且也非常的開心。故選D。3. C E解析】推理判斷題口文意從第二段開始，作者開始我為什么有的人能少言寡語逐有因常慶樂的原因, 然后又分析這些適不適合自己，畫線句子后的殿落是在迸一步找出自己為什么老愛多說話的原因，目 的在于給自己分析為什么自己應(yīng)該少說話的其它理由。故選QB【語篇解讀】維生素 D是我們的身體必不可缺少的元素，文章列舉了維生素D的幾個方面的功能作用以及我們該如何獲得足夠的維生素Do4. A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中 "It ' s sometimes called the"sunshinevitamin &q

37、uot; because it ' s produced in your skin in response to sunlight.” 可知，維生素D有時被稱為“陽光維生素”，因為它是在我們的皮膚在照射陽光的過程中產(chǎn)生的。故選A。5. D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段中"Your body produces vitamin D naturallywhen it is directlyexposed to sunlight. A little can go a long way. Besidesgetting vitamin D through sunlight, yo

38、u can also getit through certain foodsand supplements to ensure adequate levels of the vitamin in your blood.” 可知， 要想獲取的足夠的維生素 D,主要是從陽光照射、食物中和維生素補充這幾方面獲得。故選D=6. C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中"Vitamin D has several important functions.Perhaps the most vital are regulatingthe absorption of calcium andphosph

39、orous（ 磷）,and promoting normal immune system function.” 可知， 維生素 D 的一個重要的功能是調(diào)節(jié)鈣和磷的吸收，促進正常的免疫系統(tǒng)功能，而不是產(chǎn)生鈣和磷。根據(jù)文章第四五六七八段可知，ABD三項都是正確的。故選 Q7. B【解析】主旨大意題。維生素 D是我們的身體必不可缺少的元素，文章列舉了維生素D的幾個方面的功能作用以及我們該如何獲得足夠的維生素Do故選Bon .完形填空【語篇解讀】文章介紹作者在非洲國家布基納法索經(jīng)歷的一件事。作者的重要的物品都 被兩個男子搶了，作者對這個國家的人充滿警惕戒備。但是就在這時一個非洲的女子乞丐卻 給了作者意

40、料之外的幫助，使作者深切的感受到窮苦人民內(nèi)心的尊嚴。1. A 考查動詞短語。根據(jù)下文可知，在打掃衛(wèi)生的過程中，“我”兒子偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一塊打結(jié)的手帕。A. cameacross偶然遇到，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)； B. sought for 尋求，探求；C. fixed on 把 固定住，把 集中在 上；D. made out理解；辨認出。故選A。2. B 考查動詞。此處運用了 "remind sb. of sth. "結(jié)構(gòu)，指這立即使得 "我”想起了 以前某段時間的事情。A. recalled 召回，使想起；B. reminded提醒；使想起，使記起；C. informed 告知；

41、D. warned警告。故選B。3. D考查形容詞"艮據(jù)后面的"Stiwr優(yōu)ggaxs帝。uldmni皿ally導(dǎo)加口廣Gift! GifljFf知,那里的乞丐是很笠人煩惱的，所以讓人產(chǎn)生不斷的抱怨。A. consistent 一致的，逐奏的j B- Icstaul立即的j迫切的g C- urgent急迫的5極力主張的i。_亡也而11不斷的 持續(xù)的。故選IX4. C蓍查動詞.liHdEt是固定搭配，指朝行進二句意：有一天，我和一個朋友前往鄰國布基納法素的診所去工作口人配城送，派遣mB-3ent走？高開/去做/ UhEded朝行過?出發(fā)：D. called喊叫，打電話口故選C

42、。5. B考查動詞。根據(jù)后面的I' had a large backpack and a smaller daypack.”可知，作者從出租車上卸下行李來。A. move移動，行動，搬家；B. unload卸下貨物或其它負擔(dān)；C. run跑，運轉(zhuǎn)，經(jīng)營； D. work工作。故選 B。6. A考查動名詞。句意：毫無征兆的，當(dāng)摩托車駛過的時候，其中一個男人突然搶走了我的小包。A.warning警告；征候，預(yù)兆； B. thinking 思考，考慮；C. calling 打電話給，呼喚；D. planning 計劃。 故選A。7. C考查動詞。句意：很快，兩個人就被夜色吞沒了。A. tur

43、ned up 出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大聲音；8. disappeared 消失；C. swallowed up 吞沒； D. come up 提出，走上前來。故選C。8. A考查形容詞。此處指包里還有其他一些貴重的物品。A. precious 貴重的，寶貴的；8. expensive 昂貴的；C. various 各種各1¥的； D. serious 嚴肅的。故選 A。9. D考查動詞。因為物品曾被搶了，所以作者小心守護著現(xiàn)在手里的東西。A. buried埋葬，隱藏；B. saved 救，節(jié)??；C. carried 攜帶，輸送；D. guarded看守；保衛(wèi)，守護。故選a10. B 考查名詞。此處

44、指接下來的幾個星期里，“我”都在用懷疑的眼光看待當(dāng)?shù)厝恕.thieves 賊，小偷；B. locals 當(dāng)?shù)厝?；C. beggars 乞丐；D. women 女人。故選 B。11. A 考查形容詞。此處運用了be tired of 固定搭配，指 “厭倦了"。A. tired 勞累的；B. scared 恐懼的，驚 恐的；C. proud自豪的，得意的； D. aware意識到的。故選 A。12. C 考查副詞。此處指作者憤怒地對那位老婦人乞丐說“我沒有禮物，我沒有錢。兩個星期前，一個小偷偷了我所有的錢，現(xiàn)在我都不能離開你的國家了"。A. sadly 悲哀地，憂愁地；B.

45、calmly 鎮(zhèn)靜地；C. angrily 生氣地；D. patiently耐心地。故選 C13. D 考查代詞#句意：我什么都不直潴你口在否定句中用anyihingd A. noting沒什么？ B KMietiiiiig 有些事情j C. ffvaytbing每件事情；D.Thing任何事情中故選通14. B 考查連詞。句意：然后地澈笑著,并把手伸進了她的衣服口袋口 A. until直到：B. as盡管！ 一邊”, 一邊*J因為寧C wMo當(dāng)j - D.afer在之后。故選B口15. A 考查名詞。與前文的Fien, walking thmugli Burkina飛 straet£ <hm g了, I met an old woman PfH Gift!， 疝與died：對比，此處指那位老婦人乞丐給作者一ML物。A gifi禮