主謂一致課件課件

1、定義：謂語動詞的形式必須隨著主語單復(fù)數(shù)形式的變化而變化，這種形式就叫主謂一致 語法一致原則：謂語動詞與其主語在人稱和數(shù)上要保持一致，即主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞也采取單數(shù)形式；主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動詞也采取復(fù)數(shù)形式。 意義一致原則：有些名詞形式為單數(shù)，卻表示復(fù)數(shù)意義；有些名詞形式為復(fù)數(shù)，卻表示單數(shù)意義。在這種情況下，謂語動詞要采用意義一致的原則，即謂語動詞的數(shù)必須和主語的意義一致。 就近一致原則：謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)與并列主語中最靠近它的那個主語保持一致。 True or false： 1.The police is coming soon. 2.The great news make me sm

2、ile. 3.My jeans is new. 4.The poor is going to be taken good care of. 5.This pair of glasses are mine. 6.The first class begin at eight every morning. 7.Not only the students but also their teacher like the film. are makesareareisbegins likes1.當(dāng)表示時間長度、距離、金錢、度量等的詞組作主語時，常將其看做是一個整體，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。Ten dolla

3、rs is enough.(is/are)Six weeks is a very long time to be away from home.(離開家六個星期是一段很長的時間。)注意：加減乘除也常當(dāng)做整體來對待，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。Four plus six is ten.2.family、class、team等集體名詞作主語時，若指一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，但若指其他成員時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 The class is the best one in the grade. The family is very big. 這個家族特別大。 Their family are watch

4、ing TV now. 他們家人正在看電視。3.當(dāng)表示國家、城市、人名、書名、報紙雜志及組織機(jī)構(gòu)等的專有名詞作主語時，通常把他們當(dāng)作整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 The New York Times is read all over the United States.4.一些由兩個相同部分組成一體的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，如trousers,glasses,shoes等作主語時，若前面有“一條”“一副”“一把”之類的量詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，不帶量詞時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 This pair of trousers _ his brothers. These jeans are her sister

5、s.is5.politics,physics,works,the United States,news,maths等詞作主語時，貌似復(fù)數(shù)，意義上卻是單數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 The news is very exciting. Physics is a bit difficult for me. 注意：people,police等這些單詞形式為單數(shù)，意義卻是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 people there are very friendly.6.兩個主語用and或both.and.連接時，and連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Mary and Helen ar

6、e good friends. Both bread and butter are sold out. 注意：and連接的兩個名詞只表示一個概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 A singer and dancer is coming.7.many a+單數(shù)名詞，more than one+單數(shù)名詞，each A and each B，every A and every B等結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 Every hour and every minute is important.More than one person here is going to find a new job.這兒

7、不止一個人要去找一個新工作。8.something,everything,anything,nothing,everybody,anybody,nobody,everyone,anyone等不定代詞，以及either(either of),neither(neither of),each(each of),each one,no one等代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。neither of the answers is right.答案一個都不對。Something is wrong with my computer.我的電腦有問題了。neither兩者都不，相當(dāng)于0/2，說明一個都沒有。9

8、.both（兩者都）,few（很少）,a few（一些）,many（很多）,several（一些，幾個）,other（其他的）等所修飾的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。A few people live to 100,but few people live to 150.有一些人能活到100歲，但很少有人能活到150. Many of them have computers.他們中很多人都有電腦。10.單數(shù)名詞作主語，盡管后面有with,as well as,like,except,but等引導(dǎo)的短語，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。The teacher with his students has

9、gone to Xian.介詞短語不能作主語，在這里表示方式狀語。Is the woman like you your mother.No one except the teacher knows the answer.狀語都是附屬成分，在這里決定不了句子中動詞的形式，能決定動詞形式的只有這個句子的主語。11.不定式、動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。To learn a foreign language well is not easy.學(xué)好一門外語不容易。Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.在陽光下看書對眼睛有害。注：由and連接的兩個或多

10、個不定式、動名詞作主語表示兩個不同的概念時，謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。To do and to say are two different things.說和做事兩件不同的事情。12.a/an+單數(shù)名詞+or two作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。A student or two has failed the exam.一兩個學(xué)生考試不及格。13.由or,either A or B (非A即B),neitherA nor B(既非A也非B),not only.but also.(不僅，而且),not.but.（不是，而是）,連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語動詞的形式。Either my

11、sister or I am going.Not only Tom but also his wife is fond of watching television. 14.由“a lot of， lots of， plenty of（很多的，大量的）， the rest of+ 名詞（其余的，剩余的）”構(gòu)成的短語以及由“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語，其謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。如：There are a lot of people in the classroom. The rest of the lecture is wonderful. 50% of the st

12、udents in our class are girls. 注意：a number of“許多”，作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；the number of“的數(shù)量”，主語是number，謂語用單數(shù)。 15.在倒裝句中，謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。如：There comes the bus. On the wall are many pictures. Such is the result. Such are the facts. 16.當(dāng)兩個主語由either or， neither nor， whether or ， not only but also連接時，謂語動詞和鄰近的主語一致。如：Either the teach