2018年北京中考英語試題及答案

1、2018年北京市高級中等學校招生考試 英語試卷姓名 準考證號 考場號 座位號 考生須知1. 本試卷共10頁，共五道大題，39道小題，滿分60分。考試時間90分鐘。2. 在試卷和草稿紙上準確填寫姓名、準考證號、考場號和座位號。3. 試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。4. 在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5. 考試結(jié)束，將本試卷、答題卡卡和草稿紙一并交回。 知識運用（共14分）一、單項填空（共6分，每小題0.5分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.My brother and I like football.

2、 play it together once a week.A. IB. TheyC. WeD. You2.Happy birthday, Peter! Here s a gift you.A. forB. inC. withD. from3. - do you usually go to school, Mary?By bike.A. When B.HowC.WhereD. Why4.Many people like pandas they are cute.A.though B. ifC.whileD.because5. I go now, or I5ll miss my train.A.

3、 can B. might C. must D. could6.Tony is of the three boys, but he is the tallest.A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest7.Bill likes reading. He picture books with his dad every evening.A. read B. reads C. is reading D. has read8.-Paul, what were you doing at nine Last night?-I a movie in th

4、e cinema with my friends.A. was watching B. watch C. have watched D. will watch9. David a tennis player, He to play tennis when he was six years old.A. beginsB.will begin C. began D. has begun10. -Lucy, is your uncle a teacher?-Yes, he is. He history for nearly 20 years.A. teaches B. has taught C. i

5、s teaching D. will teach11. A new international airport in the city next year.A. completes B. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed12. -Alice, could you tell me London?-Sure. Last SundayA. when Mr. Smith leftB. when Mr. Smith will leaveC. when did Mr. Smith leaveD. when will Mr. Smith l

6、eave二、完形填空（共8分，每小題1分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。Real Solutions (解決方法）to Problems Thirty engineers were working as a team in a company. They were young and eager to learn. The management decided to teach them about finding real solutions to problemsOne day, the team was called for

7、a 13 in a hall. They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holding various 14 . As they entered, they found a box placed in the center, full of flatballoonsThe manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow it up. Then they were asked to write their names on their respective(各自的）balloons

8、15 so that the balloons wouldn5t blow out. All tried, but not everyone was 16 . Five balloons blew out due to pressure(壓力).Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were 17 out of the game. As a result, 25 engineers came to the next level. All the balloons carrying their names were 18 and

9、 then put into a room, here and there.The engineers were told to pick the balloon with his or her name on,All the 25 engineers began to search for the respective balloons in a rush.It was almost 15 minutes but no one was able to 19 the right one. The second level of the game was over.Then came the f

10、inal level, the engineers were asked to pick any balloon and give it to person named on the balloon. Within a couple of minutes, all balloons 20 the hands of the respective engineers.The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem. Many times in our life, sharing and helping others g

11、ive us real solutions to problems.13.A. gameB. showC. concertD. patry14.A. purposesB. suggestionsC. thoughtsD. plans15.A. quietlyB. carefullyC. secretlyD. clearly16.A. bonestB. readyC. patientD. succeesful17.A. checkedB. helpedC. ruledD. cleaned18.A. collectedB. weighedC. tiedD. cleaned19.A. markB.

12、hideC. numberD. find20.A. freedB. reachedC. liftedD. hit閱讀理解（共36分）三、閱讀下列短文.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后各所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。（共26分，每小題2分）ARoger: Hi, there ! It was my 15th birthday last Saturday. Some of my friends and Alan, my cousin, came to celebrate it. Everyone brought me a gift, we played games, sang songs an

13、d had a big birthday cake. It was really a wonderful day! Did you do anything special last week?Jessica: Yes, My class were on a school field trip last week. First, We went to the University of North Carolina to learn about the history of its basketball team. Many basketball stars were students ther

14、e. Then we visited a museum. We learned about how the plane was invented and took many pictures there.Sara: Well, I was lucky enough to go to a conference (會議）on charity (慈善）last Wednesday.I was excited to meet a lot of kind people there. One of them was a boy named Richard. He spoke at the conferen

15、ce about the charity work that he had done in the past few years.Martin: It was a different week than usual, Last Thursday, my school band(樂隊）went to Atlanta to perform in a competition. I played the violin and we won a prize! On Friday we went to the Georgia Aquarium and got to see different kinds

16、of sea life from over the world. It was really cool!21. When did Roger have his birthday party?A. Last WednesdayB. last thursdayC. Last Friday D. Last Saturday.22. Who went on a school field trip last week?A. Alan. B. Jessica C. Sara D. Richard.23. Martin went to Atlanta .A. speak at a conference B.

17、 organize a party C. perform in a competition D. visit a universityBA Beautiful MomentWhen I was in high school. I worked part-time helping Dad sell fruits and vegetables at a matket. One day, as I was preparing the fruits. A little boy came by with his mom and sister. He was about eight years old,

18、and the girl, five or six. They were looking the fruits in front of me. I heard the kids say to their mom(in French)，"They5re good!" I knew it was French. Because I can speak and understand it.Then I noticed how mom was picking the fruits. At first I thought she was really looking at the f

19、ruits because she was facing them. But then I noticed how much she had to feel and smell each one as she picked them out. And often asked her son if it looked okay, but looked way above where his face was. Putting what I saw together, I was sure she was blind.Both of the kids continued to help their

20、 mom pick out the fruits . The son made sure the fruits were not obviously bad, and the daughter handed them to her mom. The woman then felt each one and smiled, and the daughter would put them into their basket . The kids were smiling while helping their mom pick the fruits out.Their smile and gent

21、le manner moved me in a way that never happened before . It was so beautiful to see such young kids so willingly help. Most kids that age would be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves, instead of helping their mom pick out fruits as the two kids did.It was great to witness the momen

22、t, but not so great because I didn5t tell the mom how beautiful her children were in their language .this is what I regret to this day.24. The women and her kids came to the market to buy .A. fruits B. vegetables C. candies D. toys25.According to what he saw, the writer was sure the mother couldn5 t

23、 .A. speak B. see C. smell D. hear26. The writer was moved because .A. the mother was brave to face her problems.B. the kids were polite and kind to each otherC. the mother was careful in picking out thingsD. the kids were so willing to help their motherCSome primary schoolchildren have been raised

24、in homes with more green space around. They are likely to come with larger volumes of white and grey matterin certain areas of the brain. These differences are associated(關(guān)聯(lián))with beneficial effects on cognitive function (認知功能）.This is the main conclusion of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for

25、 Global Health.The study was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain . Lifelong exposure(接觸）to green space in the living places was recordedusing the information on the children5s addresses from birth up through to the time of the study. Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance im

26、aging (MRI). Working memory and inattentiveness (注意力不集中）were graded with computers.“This is the first study that shows the association between long-term exposure to green space and brain structure.” Says Dr. Payam Dadvand，the leading researcher of the study, “Our findings suggest that exposure to gr

27、een space early in life could result in beneficial structural changes in the brain.” The findings show that long-term exposure to greenness is positively associated with white and grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain. Some of them are related to higher scores on cognitive tests. Moreove

28、r, larger volumes of white and grey matter in those parts might lead to better working memory and less inattentiveness.Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children. Another study of 2，593 children shows that children in school with more green space have a gre

29、ater increase in working memory and a greater decrease in inattentiveness.Humans are believed to be tied to nature. Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn. Accordingly, green space is thought to prompt important exercises in discovery, creativity and risk taking.

30、These exercises in turn positively influence brain development.Dr. Dadvands study suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of green spaces on cognitive development, it also adds to the proof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure to greenness on

31、 our health and the benefits of increasing greenness in cities.Further studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations, settings and climates. And researchers need to examine differences according to the nature and quality of green space.27. The second paragraph is mainly about .A. how

32、 the study was performed B. what was recorded in the studyC. how long the study lasted D. who took part in the study28.The word“prompt”in paragraph 6 probably means“ ”.A. control B. encourage C. balance D. change29. What can we learn from the passage?A.Working memory influences white and grey matter

33、 in the brain.B.Dr. Dadvand stressed the importance of changing the environment.C.Studies proved the influence of greenness on populations outs of Spain.D.Living in greener neighborhoods benefits children in brain development.DWe often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change tha

34、t will help us unlock our self-improvement power. However, theres always something staring at us right under our nose but we dont see it. The only time we think of unlocking our self-improvement power is when everything gets worst.When do we realize that we need to change diets? When none of our shi

35、rts and jeans would fit us. When do we stop eating candies and chocolates? When all of our teeth have fallen off. When do we realize that we need to stop smoking? When our lungs have gone bad. We see the warning signs and signals when things get rough and difficult.The only time most of us ever lear

36、n about unlocking our self-improvement power is when the whole world is falling apart. We think and feel this way because it is not easy to change, but change becomes more painful when we ignore(忽視）it，Change will happen, like it or hate it. At one point or another, we are all going to finally unlock

37、 our self-improvement power not because the world says so. But because we realize its for our own good.Happy people dont just accept change; they embrace (擁抱）it. Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor ex

38、cuse for people who fear change.Jane always tells everyone that she doesnt have the courage to be around groups of people. She heard her family tell the same things about her to other people. Over the years, that is what Jane has believed. Every time a great crowd come, she steps back and locks hers

39、elf up in a room. Jane not only believes in her story, but lives it!Self-improvement may not be everybodys favorite word, but if we look at things in a different way, we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days until we are fully improved. Three sessions

40、in a week at the gym would result in a healthier life. Reading books every day would build up knowledge. And only when we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking our self-improvement power will we realize that we? re beginning to take things light and become happy.30.The writer mentions the thre

41、e questions in Paragraph 2 to show thatA. we learn our lessons when we experience pain.B. we are responsible for the problems we meet.C. life fails us when we get into the wrong way.D. life is a long journey full of ups and downs.31. What is the key to solving Jane s problem?A. She needs to remember

42、 why she started.B. She has to know how to get on with people.C. She has to realize she is not what she is in her story.D. She needs to understand the importance of confidence.32.The writer probably agrees that.A. the world tells us how to improve ourselves.B. people change when they find it easy to

43、 do that.C. welcoming change in life is a drive to become better.D.enjoying the process of self-improvement makes life simpler.33.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Is it important to take things light?B. Is it necessary to embrace challenges?C. To hold on to the last

44、moment or to give up?D. To free ourselves out of the box or to stay in it?四、閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題.（共10分，每小題2分）When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework,youmight notice that there is no letter E. Have you ever thought about why that is so?In the A, B, C, D and F grading system, the first f

45、our lettersaretypically considered passing grades.An F in this system simply stands for “fail” . The word “fail” happens tostart with the letter F, which seems to leave out the letter E. The fact”. Some schools have U grade for “unsatisfactory”，or I grade for “incomplete”.Even with all this said, we

46、 should also point out that E grade actually has been used pretty commonly throughout the history of lettergrades in the US.The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Mount Holyoke College. In 1897，they began to use the following grading scale:A: 95-100%

47、(excellent) B: 85-94%(good) C: 76-84%(fair)D: 75%(barely passed) E: below 75%(failed)We can see the inclusion of E instead of F.Gradually, the letter grading system became more popular throughout the US. However, many schools decided to drop the E grade and go straight to F. There is no evidence (證據(jù)

48、)to really support this, but one possible explanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for “excellent” .Why do we have letter grades? Well, part of the reason is that they made grading simpler during a time of great change for schools. As the 20th century

49、began, growing cities and an increase in immigration led to larger school classrooms. Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students.Today, more and more people argue that letter grades don? t fully reflect (反映）student learning。 Ho

50、wever, as teachers try to improve grading methods, many parents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids, they are familiar(熟悉）and easy for parents to understand. So while they might not be perfect, the letter grades probably arent going away any time soon.34. what does an F stand for in

51、 the A、B、C、D and F grading system?35. when was the letter grading system first used in the US college?36.what is one possible explanation for dropping the E grade?37.what did most teachers think of the letter grading system in the 20th century?38. why do many parents still prefer the letter grades t

52、oday?書面表達（共10分）五、文段表達(10分）39.從下面兩個題目中任選一題，根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作，文中已給出內(nèi)容不 計入總數(shù).所給提示詞語僅供選用，請不要寫出你的校名和姓名。題目一：假如你是李華，你們學校要舉辦一場關(guān)于京劇的講座，你打算邀請你們班交換生Peter參加，請用英語寫一封 電子郵件，告訴他講座時間和地點以及需要做什么準備。提示詞語：lecture (講座）,invite, information, question, online提示問題：When and where will you have the lecture?what do you a

53、dvise Peter to prepare for it?Dear peter,How is it going?Therell be a lecture on Peking Opera in our school. If there is anything that I can do, please let me know. Yours,LiHua題目二： “靜以修身，儉以養(yǎng)德”，勤儉節(jié)約是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德，無論生活富足與否，我們都應該提倡節(jié)儉，拒絕某英文網(wǎng)站在開展以“節(jié)約是美德”為主題的征文活動，假如你是李華，請用英語寫一篇短文投稿.談談生活 中你是怎么做的，以這樣做的意義。提示詞語：thrifty (節(jié)約的） save, turn off. money, virtue (美德）提示問題：What do you do in your daily life?why do you do so?It s one of our traditional virtues to be thrifty. 2018北京中考英語答案123456789101112CABDCDBACBDA一、 單項填空二、 完