完整版狀語從句用法總結(jié)完整

1、狀語從句什么是狀語狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子.1. Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call.2. We worked hard, from sunrise to sunset.3. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day 4. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.5. I know how to light a camp fir

2、e because I had done it before.狀語的位置比較靈活,可以位于句首、句末或句中.什么是狀語從句狀語從句指句子用作狀語時,起副詞作用的句子.它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、定語、狀語或整個句子.狀語從句一般由連詞 附屬連詞引導(dǎo),也可以由詞組引起.根據(jù)其作用狀語從句可分為：1 .時間狀語從句2 .地點狀語從句3 .原因狀語從句4 .條件狀語從句5 .目的狀語從句6 .讓步狀語從句7 .比較狀語從句8 .方式狀語從句9 .結(jié)果狀語從句狀語從句的時態(tài)特點一般情況下,時間和條件狀語從句的謂語動詞一般用"般現(xiàn)在時表示 乙般將來時,用現(xiàn)在完成時表示將來完成時I will c

3、all you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home.If he comes back, please let me know.1 .時間狀語從句常用弓I導(dǎo)詞：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until特殊弓I導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day , the instant, immediately ,

4、directly, no sooner than, hardly - when, scarcely whenI didn ' trealize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard果園,the moment they saw the guardNo sooner had I arrived home, then it began to rain.Eve

5、ry time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.表示匕就除 as soon as外,還有三類：名詞型the moment, the minute, the second, the instant ;副詞型immediately, directly, instantly ;句式型no sooner - than , hardly/scarcely - when -The moment I saw him, I fell in love with him.I came immediately you called.你一給我打 ,我就馬上來.I

6、 had no sooner got home than it began to rain.我至U家, 就開始下雨.【注意】如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首,句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu). Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.在時間狀語從句中,不能用一般將來時、過去將來時態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r,而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn) 在時態(tài)、一般過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時來代替.When, while, as邊.邊., after, befor

7、e, as soon as, since, till /until, by the time至ij.為止,所在句子的主句應(yīng)用完成時Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day. when, while和as的區(qū)別when引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞,又可以是瞬時動詞.并且when有

8、時表示就在那時“, when = and then; at that moment.When she came in, I stopped eating.When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.We were about to leave when he came in.While引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性的,并強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生或者相對應(yīng).并且 while有時還可以表示比照.While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watchin

9、g TV.I like playing football while you like playing basketball.As表示 憶邊一邊“,as引導(dǎo)的動作是延續(xù)性的動作,一般用于主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生；as也可以強(qiáng)調(diào)先一后.We always sing as we walk.As we was going out, it began to snow. before和after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句before的本意為 在之前,根據(jù)具體語境還可理解為還沒來得及/還沒有就,趁著還沒就,不知不覺就 ,才等.After表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后.It will be four days bef

10、ore they come back.Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.They had not been married four months before they were divorced.After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.After we had finished the work, we went home.ti

11、ll或until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句till和until 一般情況下兩者可以互換,但是在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中多用until.如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時,必須用否認(rèn)形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時,用肯定或否認(rèn)形式都可以,但表達(dá)的意思不同.I didn't go to bed until (till ) my father came back.It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.I worked until he came back.我工作到他回來為止.I didn't

12、work until he came back.他回來我這才開始工作.由since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句.since引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞,又可以是瞬時動詞.一般情況下,從句謂語動詞用一般過去時,而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時.但在It is +時間+ since從句的句型中,主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時.I have been in Beijing since you left.Where have you been since I last saw you?It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了.It

13、is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我們老板離開北京有五個月了.2 .地點狀語從句常用引 導(dǎo)詞： where特殊弓 I 導(dǎo)詞： wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.句型1： Where +地點從句,(there) 十主句.Where there is no rain, farming is difficult o

14、r impossible.They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.You should have put the book where you found it.Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.句型 2： Anywhere/ wherever +地點從句,十主句.Wherever the sea is, you will find seamen.3 .原因狀語從句常用弓 I導(dǎo)詞：

15、 because, since, as, for特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeing that由于,鑒于,now that既然,in that, considering that考慮至U, given that考慮至U .My friends dislike me because I ' mhandsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let ' segin our conference.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m i

16、s quite remarkable.Seeing that you ' reilready at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside.Considering he' aonly sixteen year old, he is not fit for the job.Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. because, since, as, for 辨析1 because語勢最強(qiáng),用

17、來說明人所不知的原因,答復(fù) why提出的問題.當(dāng)原因是顯而 易見的或已為人們所知,就用 as或since.I didn ' tgo, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末,且前面有逗號,那么可以用for來代替.但如果不是說明直接原因,而是多種情況加以推斷,就只能用for.He is absent today, becaus e / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is abse

18、nt today.3 as和for的區(qū)別：通常情況下,as引導(dǎo)的從句在主句前,for引導(dǎo)的從句在主句后.As the weather is cold, I stay at home.同義句I stay at home, for the weather is cold.4 .目的狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that, inorder that特殊弓 I導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fearthat,inthe hopethat, forthe purpose that,to the end thatTheboss askedthe secretaryto hurry up with

19、the letterssothathecouldsignthem.Theteacher raised his voiceon purposethatthestudentsinthe backcouldhearmore clearly.5 .結(jié)果狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：sothat, suchthat,特殊弓 I導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that,to such a degree that,such是形容詞,修飾名詞或名詞詞組,so是副詞,只能修飾形容詞或副詞.He got up so early that he caught t

20、he first bus.It ' s, uch a good chance that we must not miss it.To such a degree was he excited that he couldn ' t sleep last night.6 .條件狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless,特殊弓 I導(dǎo)詞： as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in ca se that, on condition thatWe' ll start our project

21、 if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句一樣,從句的謂語動詞不能用一般將來時態(tài)、過去將來時態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r,而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時來替代.Tell me in case you get into difficulty.Supposing he does not come, shall we

22、 go without him?7 .讓步狀語從句常用弓I導(dǎo)詞： though, although, even if, even though特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝,while 一般用在句首 ,nomatter , in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can' t agree to his proposal.The old man always enjoys swimmi

23、ng even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind. as, though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句 as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語或狀語提前形容詞、副詞、分詞、實義動詞提前Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do. 注意：a.句首名

24、詞不能帶任何冠詞.b.句首是實義動詞,其他助動詞放在主語后.如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語,隨實 義動詞一起放在主語之前.Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.=Though he tries hard, he never seems - no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whicheverno matter howhowever注意：no m

25、atter不能引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句.錯 No matter what you say is of no use now.對 Whatever you say is of no use now. 錯 Prisoners have to eat no matter what they' regiven, 對Prisoners have to eat whatever they' regiven.8 .比較狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：as同級比較,than不同程度的比較特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the more the more ;just as ,so；A is to B what /asX is

26、to Y; no more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.no more than只不過嫌少的意思 not more than 不如.前者不如后者 I have no more than two pens.It ' so more than a mile to the shops.Jack is not more dilig

27、ent than John. one of the +名詞復(fù)數(shù)之一用于最高級Han Mei is one of the best students in our school.9 .方式狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： as, just asso,as if/though"正如","就像" 特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the way When in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have

28、 taught us. as if, as though兩者的意義和用法相同,引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣,表示與事實相反,有時也用陳述語氣,表示所說情況是事實或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大.漢譯常作"仿佛似的","好似似的" They completely ignore these facts as if as though they never existed. He looks as if as though he had been hit by lighting.狀語從句的省略狀語從句同時具備以下兩個條件： 主句和從句的主語一致,或從句主語為 it；從句主

29、要動詞是be的某種形式.從句中的主語和be動詞常可省略.When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public ne xt year .He' ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible. 另外,比較狀語從句經(jīng)常省略.I ' mtaller than he (is tall ).The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ).狀語從句的&q

30、uot;省略"現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語從句中：由if, unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 ；由although, though, even if / though等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句；由 when, while, as, before, after, until / till 等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句；由as, as if等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句；由as, than等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句.下面針對這五種情形作歸納.(1)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語是it,且謂語動詞是be時,it和be要完全簡化掉.If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you(2)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時,從句可以將主語和be動詞簡化掉.常用于以下幾種情形：a.連詞+形容詞As (he was) young, he l